Grammar parses for passage 6.26.8
Open translation for this passage
τρέφουσι δὲ αὐτὰ ἐπὶ μὲν τέσσαρα ἔτη παρέχοντες τροφήν σφισιν ἔλυμον, πέμπτῳ δὲ---οὐ γὰρ πρόσω βιωσόμενα ἴσασι---κάλαμον διδόασιν ἐσθίειν χλωρόν·
The main verb τρέφουσι governs αὐτά and a participial means construction παρέχοντες; πέμπτῳ marks the fifth year, with βιωσόμενα agreeing with an understood/implicit subject of ἴσασι and expressing prospective survival. The three hyphens are retained as punctuation-like dash tokens.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τρέφουσι | τρέφω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 τρέφουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτὰ | αὐτός | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 1 τρέφουσι | obj | high | Resumptive/antecedent pronoun. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 τέσσαρα | case | high | |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 6 τέσσαρα | advmod | high | Correlative μέν with δέ at token 14. |
| 6 | τέσσαρα | τέσσαρος | NUM | A-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 7 ἔτη | nummod | high | |
| 7 | ἔτη | ἔτος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 τρέφουσι | obl | high | Duration with ἐπί. |
| 8 | παρέχοντες | παρέχω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 τρέφουσι | advcl | high | Participial means/concomitant action; subject is implicit agents. |
| 9 | τροφήν | τροφή | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 παρέχοντες | obj | high | |
| 10 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 9 τροφήν | nmod | medium | Dative of possession/reference, ‘their food’; dialectal/epic form. |
| 11 | ἔλυμον | ἔλυμος | NOUN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 τροφήν | nmod | high | Appositional specification of τροφήν. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 τρέφουσι | punct | high | |
| 13 | πέμπτῳ | πέμπτος | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|NumType=Ord|Number=Sing | 1 τρέφουσι | obl | high | Dative temporal adjunct, ‘in the fifth (year)’; ἔτει is understood. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 τρέφουσι | cc | high | Correlative with μέν at token 5. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 τρέφουσι | punct | high | Dash retained as input token. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 τρέφουσι | punct | high | Dash retained as input token. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 τρέφουσι | punct | high | Dash retained as input token. |
| 18 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 ἴσασι | advmod | high | |
| 19 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἴσασι | cc | high | Introduces explanatory parenthesis. |
| 20 | πρόσω | πρόσω | ADV | ADV | _ | 21 βιωσόμενα | advmod | high | Adverb ‘further/longer’. |
| 21 | βιωσόμενα | βιόω | VERB | V-FMP-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 22 ἴσασι | advcl | medium | Future middle participle, likely agreeing with an understood neuter plural subject/objects; construction is elliptical. |
| 22 | ἴσασι | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 τρέφουσι | parataxis | high | Perfect-form present of οἶδα; parenthetical explanatory clause. |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἴσασι | punct | high | Dash retained as input token. |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἴσασι | punct | high | Dash retained as input token. |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἴσασι | punct | high | Dash retained as input token. |
| 26 | κάλαμον | κάλαμος | NOUN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 διδόασιν | obj | high | |
| 27 | διδόασιν | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 τρέφουσι | conj | high | Coordinated with τρέφουσι; subject implicit. |
| 28 | ἐσθίειν | ἐσθίω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 27 διδόασιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of διδόασιν. |
| 29 | χλωρόν | χλωρός | ADJ | A-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 κάλαμον | amod | high | Agrees with κάλαμον. |
| 30 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 τρέφουσι | punct | high |
ἡ δέ ἐστιν ἡδίστη τροφὴ πασῶν τῷ ζῴῳ, καὶ ἐμφορηθὲν τοῦ καλάμου ῥήγνυταί τε ὑπὸ πλησμονῆς καὶ ἀποθανόντος οὕτω τὸ πολὺ τῆς ἁρπεδόνης εὑρίσκουσιν ἔνδον.
The sentence has an elliptical/participial continuation: ἐμφορηθὲν is neuter referring to the animal (ζῷον) or its feeding state, while ἀποθανόντος is a genitive absolute-like participle with an implicit subject; ῥήγνυται is the finite clause predicate and εὑρίσκουσιν has an understood human subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ἡδίστη | det | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | ἡδίστη | ἡδύς | ADJ | A-S---NSF- | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστιν | attr | high | Predicate adjective. |
| 5 | τροφὴ | τροφή | NOUN | N-S---NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | πασῶν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-S---GFM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Tot | 5 τροφὴ | nmod | high | Partitive genitive. |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----NSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ζῴῳ | det | high | |
| 8 | ζῴῳ | ζῷον | NOUN | N-S---DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 τροφὴ | iobj | medium | Dative of interest/beneficiary: food for the animal. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ῥήγνυταί | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἐμφορηθὲν | ἐμφορέω | VERB | V-SAPPNN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 14 ῥήγνυταί | advcl | low | Neuter nominative participle is syntactically elliptical; likely refers to the animal or its being filled after eating. |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 καλάμου | det | high | |
| 13 | καλάμου | κάλαμος | NOUN | N-S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐμφορηθὲν | obl | medium | Genitive with ἐμφορέω: filled with/replete from the reed. |
| 14 | ῥήγνυταί | ῥήγνυμι | VERB | V3SPI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 3 ἐστιν | conj | high | Middle/passive form, here intransitive 'bursts'. |
| 15 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ῥήγνυταί | cc | high | |
| 16 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 πλησμονῆς | case | high | |
| 17 | πλησμονῆς | πλησμονή | NOUN | N-S---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ῥήγνυταί | obl | high | Cause/source with ὑπό. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 εὑρίσκουσιν | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἀποθανόντος | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-SAAPGM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 εὑρίσκουσιν | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute-like temporal/circumstantial participle; expected referent is the animal, with gender agreement uncertain. |
| 20 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 25 εὑρίσκουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 21 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 πολὺ | det | high | |
| 22 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A-S---ASN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἁρπεδόνης | amod | high | Substantivized adjective, 'the greater part'. |
| 23 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 ἁρπεδόνης | det | high | |
| 24 | ἁρπεδόνης | ἁρπεδώνη | NOUN | N-S---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 πολὺ | nmod | high | Partitive/measure genitive with τὸ πολύ. |
| 25 | εὑρίσκουσιν | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἐστιν | conj | high | Implicit human subject, likely the observers. |
| 26 | ἔνδον | ἔνδον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 25 εὑρίσκουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστιν | punct | high |
γινώσκεται δὲ ἡ Σηρία νῆσος ἐν μυχῷ θαλάσσης κειμένη τῆς Ἐρυθρᾶς.
Passive γινώσκεται has a nominative subject ἡ Σηρία νῆσος; κειμένη is a supplementary/attributive participle agreeing with the island, with ἐν μυχῷ θαλάσσης and τῆς Ἐρυθρᾶς specifying its location. The phrase τῆς Ἐρυθρᾶς is elliptical for τῆς Ἐρυθρᾶς θαλάσσης.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γινώσκεται | γινώσκω | VERB | V-3S-PAS-IND | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal/passive or middle-passive sense: ‘is known/recognized’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 γινώσκεται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 νῆσος | det | high | |
| 4 | Σηρία | Σηρία | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 νῆσος | compound | high | Proper-name modifier of νῆσος. |
| 5 | νῆσος | νῆσος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 γινώσκεται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 7 μυχῷ | case | high | |
| 7 | μυχῷ | μυχός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 κειμένη | obl | high | Dative governed by ἐν. |
| 8 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 μυχῷ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μυχῷ: ‘recess/depth of the sea’. |
| 9 | κειμένη | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 νῆσος | acl | high | Present passive-form participle, agreeing with νῆσος; semantically stative ‘lying/situated’. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ἐρυθρᾶς | det | high | Determiner for substantivized/elliptical θαλάσσης. |
| 11 | Ἐρυθρᾶς | ἐρυθρός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 θαλάσσης | amod | medium | Agrees with an understood θαλάσσης: ‘the Red [Sea]’; τῆς may be analyzed as linked to the ellipsis. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γινώσκεται | punct | high |