Grammar parses for passage 6.3.8
Open translation for this passage
Οἰβώτα δὲ τὸν μὲν ἀνδριάντα Ἀχαιοὶ κατὰ πρόσταγμα ἀνέθεσαν τοῦ ἐν Δελφοῖς Ἀπόλλωνος ἐπὶ Ὀλυμπιάδος ὀγδοηκοστῆς· ἡ δὲ τοῦ σταδίου νίκη τῷ Οἰβώτᾳ γέγονεν Ὀλυμπιάδι ἕκτῃ.
The passage contains two coordinated clauses; the second clause has its own finite verb γέγονεν and uses a dative recipient (τῷ Οἰβώτᾳ) plus a dative date expression.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Οἰβώτα | Οἰβώτας | PROPN | Ne-Acc-Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνδριάντα | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S--AccMascSing | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἀνδριάντα | det | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later δέ. |
| 5 | ἀνδριάντα | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | Nb------Ac | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | high | |
| 6 | Ἀχαιοὶ | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Ne-Nom-Pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 πρόσταγμα | case | high | |
| 8 | πρόσταγμα | πρόσταγμα | NOUN | Nb------Ac | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | |
| 9 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | VPAI3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GenMascSing | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Ἀπόλλωνος | det | high | |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Δελφοῖς | case | high | |
| 12 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | Ne-Dat-Pl | Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Ἀπόλλωνος | obl | high | Dative plural functioning locatively. |
| 13 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | Ne-Gen-Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πρόσταγμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πρόσταγμα. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 Ὀλυμπιάδος | case | high | |
| 15 | Ὀλυμπιάδος | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | Nb------Ge | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | Genitive date expression. |
| 16 | ὀγδοηκοστῆς | ὀγδοηκοστός | ADJ | A--GenFemSing | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Ὀλυμπιάδος | amod | high | |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S--NomFemSing | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 νίκη | det | high | |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 γέγονεν | cc | high | |
| 20 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GenNeutSing | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 σταδίου | det | high | |
| 21 | σταδίου | στάδιον | NOUN | Nb------Ge | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 νίκη | nmod | high | |
| 22 | νίκη | νίκη | NOUN | Nb------NomFemSing | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 γέγονεν | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S---DatMascSing | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 Οἰβώτᾳ | det | high | |
| 24 | Οἰβώτᾳ | Οἰβώτας | PROPN | Ne-Dat-Sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 γέγονεν | iobj | high | |
| 25 | γέγονεν | γίγνομαι | VERB | VPAN3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated clause; perfect form is intransitive here. |
| 26 | Ὀλυμπιάδι | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | Nb------DatFemSing | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 γέγονεν | obl | high | Dative date expression. |
| 27 | ἕκτῃ | ἕκτος | ADJ | A--DatFemSing | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | high | |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 γέγονεν | punct | high |
πῶς ἂν οὖν τήν γε ἐν Πλαταιαῖς μάχην μεμαχημένος ὁ Οἰβώτας εἴη μετὰ Ἑλλήνων;
Rhetorical question: μεμαχημένος is a perfect active participle agreeing with ὁ Οἰβώτας and taking τήν ... μάχην as its object; εἴη is optative with ἄν in the apodotic/modal predicate, while πῶς introduces the question. The exact scope of μετὰ Ἑλλήνων is somewhat ambiguous, likely ‘among/alongside the Greeks’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πῶς | πῶς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 εἴη | advmod | high | Interrogative adverb modifying the modal predicate. |
| 2 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | -------- | _ | 12 εἴη | aux | high | Modal particle with optative εἴη. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 εἴη | advmod | high | Inferential discourse adverb. |
| 4 | τήν | ὁ | DET | S----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 μάχην | det | high | |
| 5 | γε | γε | PART | -------- | _ | 8 μάχην | discourse | high | Emphatic particle attached to the object phrase. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Πλαταιαῖς | case | high | |
| 7 | Πλαταιαῖς | Πλαταιαί | PROPN | Ne---DF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 μάχην | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 8 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 μεμαχημένος | obj | high | Object of μεμαχημένος, with τήν as determiner. |
| 9 | μεμαχημένος | μάχομαι | VERB | V-RAPMSN- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 12 εἴη | csubj | medium | Perfect active participle, predicated of Οἰβώτας; analyzed as clausal subject of εἴη. |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S---NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Οἰβώτας | det | high | |
| 11 | Οἰβώτας | Οἰβώτας | PROPN | Ne--NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 μεμαχημένος | nsubj | high | Proper-name subject of the participle. |
| 12 | εἴη | εἰμί | AUX | V-LO3S-- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Third-person singular present optative of εἰμί, with ἄν, forming the modal predicate. |
| 13 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 Ἑλλήνων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 14 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 μεμαχημένος | obl | medium | Genitive complement of μετά; its semantic attachment may be to the participial event or predicate. |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 εἴη | punct | high |
πέμπτῃ γὰρ ἐπὶ τῇ ἑβδομηκοστῇ Ὀλυμπιάδι τὸ πταῖσμα ἐγένετο τὸ ἐν Πλαταιαῖς Μαρδονίῳ καὶ Μήδοις.
The sentence says that in the fifth year/occasion of the seventieth Olympiad the disaster at Plataea happened to Mardonius and the Medes; the final dative participant phrase is syntactically somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πέμπτῃ | πέμπτος | ADJ | ADJ--FS-DAT | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | high | Ordinal modifying Ὀλυμπιάδι. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἐγένετο | advmod | high | Postpositive explanatory connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Ὀλυμπιάδι | case | high | Takes the dative phrase τῇ ἑβδομηκοστῇ Ὀλυμπιάδι. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T--DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἑβδομηκοστῇ | det | high | Article with ordinal. |
| 5 | ἑβδομηκοστῇ | ἑβδομηκοστός | ADJ | ADJ--FS-DAT | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | high | Ordinal modifying Ὀλυμπιάδι. |
| 6 | Ὀλυμπιάδι | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N--FS-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐγένετο | obl | high | Dative temporal phrase governed by ἐπί. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 πταῖσμα | det | high | Article with πταῖσμα. |
| 8 | πταῖσμα | πταῖσμα | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγένετο. |
| 9 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 πταῖσμα | det | high | Article introducing the following attributive relative-like phrase. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 Πλαταιαῖς | case | high | Preposition governing Πλαταιαῖς. |
| 12 | Πλαταιαῖς | Πλαταιαί | PROPN | N--PF-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 πταῖσμα | nmod | high | Locative complement specifying the event. |
| 13 | Μαρδονίῳ | Μαρδόνιος | PROPN | N--MS-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Μήδοις | nmod | medium | Dative participant coordinated with Μήδοις; the construction is elliptic. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Μήδοις | cc | high | Coordinates Μαρδονίῳ and Μήδοις. |
| 15 | Μήδοις | Μῆδος | PROPN | N--MP-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 πταῖσμα | nmod | medium | Dative participant phrase, coordinated with Μαρδονίῳ. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐγένετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐμοὶ μὲν οὖν λέγειν μὲν τὰ ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων λεγόμενα ἀνάγκη, πείθεσθαι δὲ πᾶσιν οὐκέτι ἀνάγκη.
Two coordinated impersonal ἀνάγκη constructions: λέγειν ... ἀνάγκη, contrasted with πείθεσθαι ... οὐκέτι ἀνάγκη; τὰ λεγόμενα is a substantivized participial object of λέγειν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1-SD | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 10 ἀνάγκη | iobj | high | Dative of reference/person affected. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 10 ἀνάγκη | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, answered by δέ. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | PRT | _ | 10 ἀνάγκη | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | λέγειν | λέγω | VERB | V- PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 10 ἀνάγκη | csubj | high | Present active infinitive as subject of ἀνάγκη. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 4 λέγειν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, setting up the following contrast. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-PNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 λεγόμενα | obj | high | Article substantivizing the participle phrase. |
| 7 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 Ἑλλήνων | case | high | Agent preposition with genitive. |
| 8 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 λεγόμενα | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent of the passive participle. |
| 9 | λεγόμενα | λέγω | VERB | V-PMPNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 λέγειν | acl | high | Substantivized present passive participle modifying τὰ. |
| 10 | ἀνάγκη | ἀνάγκη | NOUN | N-SFN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal necessity predicate with infinitival subject. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀνάγκη | punct | high | |
| 12 | πείθεσθαι | πείθω | VERB | V-PMN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 16 ἀνάγκη | csubj | high | Present middle infinitive as subject of the second ἀνάγκη. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἀνάγκη | cc | high | Contrastive coordinator corresponding to μέν. |
| 14 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 πείθεσθαι | obl | high | Dative complement of πείθεσθαι, ‘obey/believe all’. |
| 15 | οὐκέτι | οὐκέτι | ADV | ADV | Polarity=Neg | 16 ἀνάγκη | advmod | high | Negative temporal adverb modifying the necessity predicate. |
| 16 | ἀνάγκη | ἀνάγκη | NOUN | N-SFN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀνάγκη | conj | high | Second coordinated necessity predicate. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀνάγκη | punct | high |
τὰ δὲ ἄλλα ὁποῖα τὰ συμβάντα ἦν ἐς τὸν Οἰβώταν, τῇ ἐς Ἀχαιοὺς προσέσται μοι συγγραφῇ.
The sentence has a topicalized neuter plural phrase (‘the other matters—what happened to Oibotas’) resumed by an embedded clause under future πρόσεσται; τῇ ... συγγραφῇ is a dative complement meaning the account in the Achaean section.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-n-sna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἄλλα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 3 ἄλλα | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | PRON | A--n-pna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἦν | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective/pronoun. |
| 4 | ὁποῖα | ὁποῖος | PRON | A--n-pna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 συμβάντα | amod | medium | Predicative/relative-quality modifier of συμβάντα. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-n-pna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 συμβάντα | det | high | |
| 6 | συμβάντα | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-2adpna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized aorist participle, coordinated/appositional to ἄλλα in the topic construction. |
| 7 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3siia | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 15 προσέσται | ccomp | medium | Impersonal/copular clause embedded under προσέσται; singular agreement is retained with the clause. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R---- | _ | 9 τὸν | case | high | |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-sma | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Οἰβώταν | det | high | |
| 10 | Οἰβώταν | Οἰβώτας | PROPN | N-s---ma | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἦν | obl | high | Object of ἐς with the participial/clausal predicate. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-sdf | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 συγγραφῇ | det | high | Article substantivizing συγγραφή. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R---- | _ | 14 Ἀχαιοὺς | case | high | |
| 14 | Ἀχαιοὺς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-p---ma | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 συγγραφῇ | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 15 | προσέσται | πρόσειμι | VERB | V-3sfim | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Future of πρόσειμι, ‘will be added/attached’; governs the dative συγγραφῇ and embedded content clause. |
| 16 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1s---md | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 15 προσέσται | iobj | high | |
| 17 | συγγραφῇ | συγγραφή | NOUN | N-s---fd | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 προσέσται | obl | high | Dative complement with πρόσειμι; τῇ ... συγγραφῇ means ‘the account concerning the Achaeans’. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 προσέσται | punct | high |