Grammar parses for passage 6.3.9
Open translation for this passage
Ἀντιόχου δὲ ἀνδριάντα ἐποίησε μὲν Νικόδαμος, γένος δὲ ὁ Ἀντίοχος ἦν ἐκ Λεπρέου· παγκρατίῳ δὲ ἄνδρας ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ μὲν ἐκράτησεν ἅπαξ, ἐν Ἰσθμῷ δὲ καὶ Νεμέᾳ δὶς πεντάθλῳ ἐν ἑκατέρῳ τῷ ἀγῶνι.
The sentence contains three coordinated clauses with repeated μέν/δέ contrasts; the second clause uses an elliptical nominal predicate with γένος, and the final phrase ἐν ἑκατέρῳ τῷ ἀγῶνι is attached as a locative oblique modifying the athletic victories.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀντιόχου | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀνδριάντα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἀνδριάντα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐποίησε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀνδριάντα | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐποίησε | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποίησε. |
| 4 | ἐποίησε | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐποίησε | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 6 | Νικόδαμος | Νικόδαμος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐποίησε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποίησε. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐποίησε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἦν | obj | medium | Predicate-like accusative with ἦν; construction somewhat elliptical. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Ἀντίοχος | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 11 | Ἀντίοχος | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 12 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb in second clause. |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 14 Λεπρέου | case | high | Preposition governing place of origin. |
| 14 | Λεπρέου | Λεπρεόν | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἦν | obl | high | Prepositional oblique of origin. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | παγκρατίῳ | παγκράτιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἐκράτησεν | obl | medium | Dative of respect/instrument with ἐκράτησεν. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 22 ἐκράτησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 18 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἐκράτησεν | obj | high | Object of ἐκράτησεν. |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 20 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 20 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἐκράτησεν | obl | high | Locative oblique. |
| 21 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 22 ἐκράτησεν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 22 | ἐκράτησεν | κρατέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of third clause. |
| 23 | ἅπαξ | ἅπαξ | ADV | _ | _ | 22 ἐκράτησεν | advmod | high | Adverbial numeral. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐκράτησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 26 Ἰσθμῷ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 26 | Ἰσθμῷ | Ἰσθμός | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐκράτησεν | obl | high | Locative oblique. |
| 27 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 22 ἐκράτησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 29 Νεμέᾳ | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 29 | Νεμέᾳ | Νεμέα | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἐκράτησεν | obl | high | Second locative coordinated with Ἰσθμῷ. |
| 30 | δὶς | δίς | ADV | _ | _ | 22 ἐκράτησεν | advmod | high | Adverbial numeral. |
| 31 | πεντάθλῳ | πένταθλον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἐκράτησεν | obl | medium | Dative of respect/instrument; elliptical with implied context. |
| 32 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 35 ἀγῶνι | case | high | Preposition. |
| 33 | ἑκατέρῳ | ἑκάτερος | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 ἀγῶνι | det | high | Modifier of ἀγῶνι. |
| 34 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 ἀγῶνι | det | high | Article with ἀγῶνι. |
| 35 | ἀγῶνι | ἀγών | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐκράτησεν | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐκράτησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
οὐ γάρ τι Ἰσθμίων Λεπρεάταις δεῖμα ὥσπερ γε αὐτοῖς ἐστιν Ἠλείοις, ἐπεὶ Ὕσμωνί γε τῷ Ἠλείῳ---πλησίον δὲ τοῦ Ἀντιόχου καὶ Ὕσμων οὗτος ἕστηκε---τούτῳ τῷ ἀνδρὶ ἀθλήσαντι πένταθλον ἥ τε Ὀλυμπικὴ νίκη καὶ Νεμείων γέγονεν ἡ ἑτέρα, Ἰσθμίων δὲ δῆλα ὡς καὶ οὗτος κατὰ ταὐτὰ Ἠλείοις τοῖς ἄλλοις εἴργετο.
The passage is highly elliptical and parenthetical, with several comparative/correlative structures; ἐστιν, ἕστηκε, γέγονεν, and εἴργετο each function as clause nuclei in a layered discourse.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Negating the clause with ἐστιν. |
| 2 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | τι | τις | PRON | _ | PronType=Ind | 6 δεῖμα | det | medium | Likely enclitic indefinite modifying δεῖμα. |
| 4 | Ἰσθμίων | Ἰσθμία | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 δεῖμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of δεῖμα. |
| 5 | Λεπρεάταις | Λεπρεάτης | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 δεῖμα | obl | high | Dative of reference/experiencer with δεῖμα. |
| 6 | δεῖμα | δεῖμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 7 | ὥσπερ | ὥσπερ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | mark | high | Introduces comparison. |
| 8 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 9 αὐτοῖς | discourse | medium | Emphatic particle with αὐτοῖς. |
| 9 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Predicative/comparative complement in ellipsis, likely with ἐστιν. |
| 10 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate governing the first clause. |
| 11 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 αὐτοῖς | obl | medium | Dative of comparison/reference with αὐτοῖς. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | _ | _ | 43 γέγονεν | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction introducing causal clause. |
| 14 | Ὕσμωνί | Ὕσμων | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 43 γέγονεν | obl | high | Dative associated with γέγονεν / the following relative-like construction. |
| 15 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 14 Ὕσμωνί | discourse | medium | Emphatic particle. |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Ἠλείῳ | det | high | Article with Ἠλείῳ. |
| 17 | Ἠλείῳ | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ὕσμωνί | amod | high | Appositive/adjectival modifier of Ὕσμωνί. |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 πλησίον | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 πλησίον | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 πλησίον | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 21 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | _ | _ | 28 ἕστηκε | advmod | medium | Adverbial, likely 'nearby' modifying ἕστηκε. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 28 ἕστηκε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 23 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 Ἀντιόχου | det | high | Article with Ἀντιόχου. |
| 24 | Ἀντιόχου | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 πλησίον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of πλησίον. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 26 Ὕσμων | cc | high | Coordinates Ὕσμων with Ἀντιόχου. |
| 26 | Ὕσμων | Ὕσμων | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἕστηκε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἕστηκε. |
| 27 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 26 Ὕσμων | appos | high | Demonstrative in apposition to Ὕσμων. |
| 28 | ἕστηκε | ἵστημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Root of the parenthetical clause. |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἕστηκε | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἕστηκε | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἕστηκε | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 32 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 43 γέγονεν | obl | high | Dative of reference with γέγονεν. |
| 33 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 34 ἀνδρὶ | det | high | Article with ἀνδρί. |
| 34 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 τούτῳ | appos | high | Appositive to τούτῳ. |
| 35 | ἀθλήσαντι | ἀθλέω | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 34 ἀνδρὶ | acl | high | Participial modifier of ἀνδρί. |
| 36 | πένταθλον | πένταθλον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 35 ἀθλήσαντι | obj | high | Object of ἀθλήσαντι. |
| 37 | ἥ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 40 νίκη | det | high | Article with νίκη. |
| 38 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 37 ἥ | discourse | high | Enclitic connective with ἥ. |
| 39 | Ὀλυμπικὴ | Ὀλυμπικός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 νίκη | amod | high | Attributive modifier of νίκη. |
| 40 | νίκη | νίκη | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 γέγονεν | nsubj | high | Subject of γέγονεν. |
| 41 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 42 Νεμείων | cc | high | Coordinates Νεμείων with νίκη. |
| 42 | Νεμείων | Νέμεα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 40 νίκη | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of νίκη, likely 'of the Nemean [games]'. |
| 43 | γέγονεν | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Root of the causal main clause. |
| 44 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 45 ἑτέρα | det | high | Article with ἑτέρα. |
| 45 | ἑτέρα | ἕτερος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 νίκη | appos | medium | Likely appositional/predicative to νίκη, 'the other [victory]'. |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 43 γέγονεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 47 | Ἰσθμίων | Ἰσθμία | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 49 δῆλα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of δῆλα / understood noun. |
| 48 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 49 δῆλα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 49 | δῆλα | δῆλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 43 γέγονεν | advcl | medium | Idiomatic parenthetical 'it is clear'; syntax somewhat elliptical. |
| 50 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 58 εἴργετο | mark | high | Introduces content/comparative clause. |
| 51 | καὶ | καί | PART | _ | _ | 52 οὗτος | advmod | high | Focus/additive particle. |
| 52 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 58 εἴργετο | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of εἴργετο. |
| 53 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 54 ταὐτὰ | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 54 | ταὐτὰ | ταὐτά | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 58 εἴργετο | obl | high | Adverbial accusative 'in the same way'. |
| 55 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 58 εἴργετο | obl | medium | Dative of reference with εἴργετο. |
| 56 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 57 ἄλλοις | det | high | Article with ἄλλοις. |
| 57 | ἄλλοις | ἄλλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 55 Ἠλείοις | amod | high | Modifier of Ἠλείοις. |
| 58 | εἴργετο | ἔργω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Root of the final clause. |
| 59 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 58 εἴργετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |