Grammar parses for passage 6.4.10
Open translation for this passage
ταῦτα μὲν δὴ καὶ ἐν τοῖς Σπαρτιατικοῖς λόγοις ἐς πλέον ἡμῖν δεδήλωται·
Impersonal/passive δεδήλωται governs ταῦτα as its accusative subject-like object; ἐν τοῖς Σπαρτιατικοῖς λόγοις is locative domain, ἐς πλέον is an idiom meaning ‘in greater detail/at greater length’, and ἡμῖν is the dative of reference/agent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | RD--APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 δεδήλωται | obj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X----D-- | _ | 12 δεδήλωται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, balanced only loosely here. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | X----D-- | _ | 12 δεδήλωται | discourse | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 δεδήλωται | advmod | high | Adverbial ‘also/even’. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 λόγοις | case | high | |
| 6 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Σπαρτιατικοῖς | det | high | |
| 7 | Σπαρτιατικοῖς | Σπαρτιατικός | ADJ | A----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 λόγοις | amod | high | |
| 8 | λόγοις | λόγος | NOUN | N----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 δεδήλωται | obl | high | Object of ἐν; denotes the relevant Spartan accounts/discourses. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 πλέον | case | high | |
| 10 | πλέον | πολύς | ADJ | A-S---NC- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 δεδήλωται | obl | high | Substantivized comparative, idiomatically ‘further/in greater detail’. |
| 11 | ἡμῖν | ἐγώ | PRON | P----D1-- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 12 δεδήλωται | iobj | high | Dative of reference or personal agent with the passive verb. |
| 12 | δεδήλωται | δηλόω | VERB | V3RPI-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive, impersonal in construction. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 δεδήλωται | punct | high |
Εὐάνθει δὲ Κυζικηνῷ γεγόνασι πυγμῆς νῖκαι, μία μὲν ἐν ἀνδράσιν Ὀλυμπική, Νεμείων δὲ ἐν παισὶ καὶ Ἰσθμίων.
Copular/possessive construction: γεγόνασι agrees with νῖκαι; Εὐάνθει Κυζικηνῷ is a dative of possession/reference. The coordinated elliptical phrases specify victories: one Olympic among adult men, and Nemean and Isthmian victories among boys.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Εὐάνθει | Εὐάνθης | PROPN | Neut.Dat.Sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γεγόνασι | iobj | medium | Proper name in the dative, construed with γεγόνασι as possessor/beneficiary. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 γεγόνασι | cc | high | |
| 3 | Κυζικηνῷ | Κυζικηνός | ADJ | Adj.Dat.Sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Εὐάνθει | amod | high | Ethnic adjective agreeing with Εὐάνθει. |
| 4 | γεγόνασι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-RIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active form, 'have occurred/been held'. |
| 5 | πυγμῆς | πυγμή | NOUN | N-DFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 νῖκαι | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the type of victories. |
| 6 | νῖκαι | νίκη | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 γεγόνασι | nsubj | high | Subject of γεγόνασι. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 μία | punct | high | |
| 8 | μία | εἷς | NUM | A-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Sing | 6 νῖκαι | appos | high | Appositional numeral modifying the understood/explicit victory set. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 8 μία | discourse | high | Correlative particle, paired with δὲ at token 15. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 11 ἀνδράσιν | case | high | |
| 11 | ἀνδράσιν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Ὀλυμπική | obl | high | Dative plural governed by ἐν. |
| 12 | Ὀλυμπική | Ὀλυμπικός | ADJ | A-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 μία | conj | medium | Elliptical νίκη, coordinated with μία and understood as 'Olympic [victory]'. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 Νεμείων | punct | high | |
| 14 | Νεμείων | Νέμεια | ADJ | A-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 Ἰσθμίων | nmod | medium | Genitive plural festival adjective, elliptical for νικῶν/νίκων or νεικῶν; exact syntactic attachment is elliptical. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Νεμείων | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 17 παισὶ | case | high | |
| 17 | παισὶ | παῖς | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 Ἰσθμίων | obl | high | Dative plural governed by ἐν. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 Ἰσθμίων | cc | high | |
| 19 | Ἰσθμίων | Ἴσθμια | ADJ | A-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 Νεμείων | conj | medium | Genitive plural festival adjective coordinated with Νεμείων; elliptical reference to victories. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γεγόνασι | punct | high |
πεποίηται δὲ παρὰ τὸν Εὐάνθην ἀνήρ τε ἱπποτρόφος καὶ τὸ ἅρμα, ἀναβεβηκυῖα δὲ ἐπὶ τὸ ἅρμα παῖς παρθένος·
The coordinated phrase ἀνήρ τε ἱπποτρόφος καὶ τὸ ἅρμα is syntactically unusual because τὸ ἅρμα is accusative despite its apparent coordination with nominative ἀνήρ; this may reflect textual variation, attraction, or a constructional irregularity.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle/passive indicative, impersonal/passive sense: 'has been made'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | cc | high | |
| 3 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Εὐάνθην | case | high | With accusative, indicating location or association. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 5 Εὐάνθην | det | high | |
| 5 | Εὐάνθην | Εὐάνθης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 6 ἀνήρ | obl | high | Proper name in the accusative after παρά. |
| 6 | ἀνήρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 1 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of πεποίηται; coordinated with τὸ ἅρμα. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἀνήρ | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 8 | ἱπποτρόφος | ἱπποτρόφος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 6 ἀνήρ | amod | high | Predicate/attributive adjective modifying ἀνήρ. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἀνήρ | cc | high | Coordinates the second subject conjunct. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 11 ἅρμα | det | high | |
| 11 | ἅρμα | ἅρμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 6 ἀνήρ | conj | high | Second coordinated subject, with accusative form likely reflecting a textual/syntactic irregularity or attraction. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀναβεβηκυῖα | ἀναβαίνω | VERB | V-RAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Active | 18 παῖς | acl | high | Perfect active participle, agreeing with παῖς. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἀναβεβηκυῖα | cc | high | Postpositive connective introducing the participial clause. |
| 15 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 ἅρμα | case | high | With accusative, indicating motion onto. |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 17 ἅρμα | det | high | |
| 17 | ἅρμα | ἅρμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 13 ἀναβεβηκυῖα | obl | high | |
| 18 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 1 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of πεποίηται; modified by παρθένος and accompanied by the participial clause. |
| 19 | παρθένος | παρθένος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 18 παῖς | appos | high | Apposition to παῖς: 'a maiden girl'. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high |
ὄνομα μὲν Λάμπος τῷ ἀνδρί, πατρὶς δὲ ἦν αὐτῷ νεωτάτη τῶν ἐν Μακεδονίᾳ πόλεων, καλουμένη δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ Φιλίππου τοῦ Ἀμύντου.
The sentence contains two coordinated nominal clauses; ὄνομα Λάμπος is followed by πατρὶς ἦν, with πατρὶς modified by a superlative and a passive participial naming phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 Λάμπος | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative/nominal topic with Λάμπος. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 1 ὄνομα | discourse | high | |
| 3 | Λάμπος | Λάμπος | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Nominal predicate: ‘the name was Lampos’. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνδρί | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀνδρί | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Λάμπος | obl | high | Dative of possession/reference: ‘for the man’. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 Λάμπος | punct | high | |
| 7 | πατρὶς | πατρίς | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | g-------- | _ | 9 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second coordinated clause; ellipsis/coordination with preceding nominal clause. |
| 10 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 πατρὶς | obl | high | Dative of possession/reference with πατρίς. |
| 11 | νεωτάτη | νέος | ADJ | a-s---fn-s | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 πατρὶς | amod | high | Superlative adjective agreeing with πατρίς. |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 πόλεων | det | high | |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 14 Μακεδονίᾳ | case | high | |
| 14 | Μακεδονίᾳ | Μακεδονία | PROPN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 πόλεων | nmod | high | Place name governed by ἐν. |
| 15 | πόλεων | πόλις | NOUN | n-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 νεωτάτη | obl | high | Partitive/ 비교ative genitive with νεωτάτη. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 17 | καλουμένη | καλέω | VERB | v-sppafn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 πατρὶς | acl | high | Supplementary/attributive participle agreeing with πατρίς. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | g-------- | _ | 17 καλουμένη | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | r-------- | _ | 21 οἰκιστοῦ | case | high | |
| 20 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 οἰκιστοῦ | det | high | |
| 21 | οἰκιστοῦ | οἰκιστής | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 καλουμένη | obl | high | Agent/source phrase with ἀπό. |
| 22 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 οἰκιστοῦ | appos | high | Apposition to οἰκιστοῦ. |
| 23 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Ἀμύντου | det | high | |
| 24 | Ἀμύντου | Ἄμυντας | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Φιλίππου | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive: Philip, son of Amyntas. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἦν | punct | high |