Grammar parses for passage 6.4.3
Open translation for this passage
παρὰ δὲ τὸν Σώστρατον παλαιστὴς ἀνὴρ πεποίηται Λεοντίσκος, ἐκ Σικελίας τε ὢν γένος καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ἐν τῷ πορθμῷ Μεσσήνης·
Main clause with participial add-ons; πεποίηται is the finite root, with παρὰ + acc and two genitive/ablative-origin phrases modifying the predicative identification of Λεοντίσκος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | P-------- | _ | 4 Σώστρατον | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 7 πεποίηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Σώστρατον | det | high | Article with Σώστρατον. |
| 4 | Σώστρατον | Σώστρατος | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 παρὰ | obl | high | Object of παρὰ. |
| 5 | παλαιστὴς | παλαιστής | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνὴρ | appos | high | Appositive predicate noun for Λεοντίσκος. |
| 6 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | Nominative subject of passive-perfect form. |
| 7 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | v3spie-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb, perfect middle/passive. |
| 8 | Λεοντίσκος | Λεοντίσκος | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | Named subject, in apposition with ἀνήρ. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 πεποίηται | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 10 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P-------- | _ | 11 Σικελίας | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 11 | Σικελίας | Σικελία | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ὢν | obl | medium | Source/origin phrase modifying participle. |
| 12 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 ὢν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 13 | ὢν | εἰμί | VERB | v-sppamn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 πεποίηται | advcl | high | Participial clause describing Λεοντίσκος. |
| 14 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ὢν | obj | medium | Likely cognate/inner accusative with ὢν ('by race'). |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 16 ἀπὸ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 16 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P-------- | _ | 21 Μεσσήνης | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Μεσσήνης | det | high | Article with Μεσσήνης. |
| 18 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P-------- | _ | 21 Μεσσήνης | case | high | Preposition governing dative phrase. |
| 19 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 πορθμῷ | det | high | Article with πορθμῷ. |
| 20 | πορθμῷ | πορθμός | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Μεσσήνης | obl | high | Part of the locative modifier of Μεσσήνης. |
| 21 | Μεσσήνης | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ὢν | obl | medium | Genitive governed by ἀπό; modified by ἐν τῷ πορθμῷ. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 πεποίηται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
στεφανωθῆναι δὲ ὑπό τε Ἀμφικτυόνων καὶ δὶς ὑπὸ Ἠλείων, εἶναι δὲ αὐτῷ λέγεται τὴν πάλην καθὰ δὴ καὶ τὸ παγκράτιον τῷ Σικυωνίῳ Σωστράτῳ·
The syntax is a chain of indirect statement: λέγεται governs two infinitives (στεφανωθῆναι, εἶναι), with the comparatives καθὰ δὴ καὶ ... attached to the second infinitival clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | στεφανωθῆναι | στεφανόω | VERB | V--ANP--- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 14 λέγεται | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of λέγεται. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 λέγεται | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ὑπό | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 5 Ἀμφικτυόνων | case | high | Introduces agent phrase. |
| 4 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 5 Ἀμφικτυόνων | cc | high | Correlative particle with καί. |
| 5 | Ἀμφικτυόνων | Ἀμφικτύων | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 στεφανωθῆναι | obl:agent | high | Agent in genitive with ὑπό. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 δὶς | cc | high | Conjoins the two agent phrases. |
| 7 | δὶς | δίς | ADV | D------- | _ | 1 στεφανωθῆναι | advmod | high | Modifies στεφανωθῆναι as adverbial 'twice'. |
| 8 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 9 Ἠλείων | case | high | Second agent marker. |
| 9 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 στεφανωθῆναι | obl:agent | high | Second agent phrase. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 λέγεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--PAN--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 λέγεται | xcomp | high | Second infinitival complement of λέγεται. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 λέγεται | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 13 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 λέγεται | iobj | medium | Likely dative of reference/advantage with λέγεται. |
| 14 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V--PPM3S- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 πάλην | det | high | Article with πάλην. |
| 16 | πάλην | πάλη | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 εἶναι | obj | high | Accusative complement of εἶναι. |
| 17 | καθὰ | καθά | ADV | D------- | _ | 11 εἶναι | advmod | medium | Adverbial comparison marker; could be conjunction-like in sense. |
| 18 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 17 καθὰ | advmod | medium | Emphatic particle modifying καθὰ. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 καθὰ | cc | high | Links the two comparative phrases. |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-s---na- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 παγκράτιον | det | high | Article with παγκράτιον. |
| 21 | παγκράτιον | παγκράτιον | NOUN | N-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 εἶναι | obj | high | Second accusative complement of εἶναι in coordinated comparison. |
| 22 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-s---md- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Σωστράτῳ | det | high | Article with Σωστράτῳ. |
| 23 | Σικυωνίῳ | Σικυώνιος | ADJ | A-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Σωστράτῳ | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying Σωστράτῳ. |
| 24 | Σωστράτῳ | Σωστράτης | PROPN | N-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 παγκράτιον | nmod | medium | Dative of comparison/reference with παγκράτιον. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 λέγεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ γὰρ τὸν Λεοντίσκον καταβαλεῖν μὲν οὐκ ἐπίστασθαι τοὺς παλαίοντας, νικᾶν δὲ αὐτὸν κλῶντα τοὺς δακτύλους.
The syntax is a coordinated pair of infinitival clauses under ἐπίστασθαι, with μέν...δέ marking contrast; the participial phrase κλῶντα τοὺς δακτύλους modifies νικᾶν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 ἐπίστασθαι | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking the two infinitival clauses. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἐπίστασθαι | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Λεοντίσκον | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 4 | Λεοντίσκον | Λεοντίσκος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 καταβαλεῖν | obj | high | Proper name in accusative. |
| 5 | καταβαλεῖν | καταβάλλω | VERB | V-FAA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἐπίστασθαι | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on ἐπίστασθαι. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 5 καταβαλεῖν | discourse | high | Correlative particle introducing first member of the μέν...δέ pair. |
| 7 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἐπίστασθαι | advmod | high | Negation of the infinitive ἐπίστασθαι. |
| 8 | ἐπίστασθαι | ἐπίσταμαι | VERB | V-PAI | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predication, infinitival form with coordinated complements. |
| 9 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 παλαίοντας | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 10 | παλαίοντας | παλαίω | VERB | V-PAP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἐπίστασθαι | obj | medium | Accusative substantive participle, likely object of ἐπίστασθαι by sense. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπίστασθαι | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 12 | νικᾶν | νικάω | VERB | V-PAA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἐπίστασθαι | xcomp | high | Second infinitival complement coordinated with καταβαλεῖν. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 νικᾶν | discourse | high | Correlative particle introducing second member of the μέν...δέ pair. |
| 14 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 15 κλῶντα | obj | high | Accusative pronoun governed by the participle. |
| 15 | κλῶντα | κλάω | VERB | V-PAP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 νικᾶν | advcl | medium | Participial modifier of νικᾶν; construction somewhat uncertain. |
| 16 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 δακτύλους | det | high | Article with noun. |
| 17 | δακτύλους | δάκτυλος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 κλῶντα | obj | high | Object of κλῶντα. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπίστασθαι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |