Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 6.5.5

← 6.5.3 6.5.6 →

Passage 6.5.5

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed

74Greek tokens

2,941input tokens

5,348output tokens

Sentence 1

6.5.5 sentence 1

Tokens: 13
Input: 674
Output: 959
Total: 1,633

οὗτοι πολλάκις οἱ λέοντες καὶ ἐς τὴν περὶ τὸν Ὄλυμπον πλανῶνται χώραν·

The phrase περὶ τὸν Ὄλυμπον is treated as a prepositional modifier nested inside the larger oblique phrase ἐς τὴν ... χώραν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οὗτοι	οὗτος	PRON	PD--MPN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	4 λέοντες	det	high	Demonstrative modifying λέοντες.
2	πολλάκις	πολλάκις	ADV	D--------	_	11 πλανῶνται	advmod	high	Adverb modifying πλανῶνται.
3	οἱ	ὁ	DET	EA--MPN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	4 λέοντες	det	high	Article with λέοντες.
4	λέοντες	λέων	NOUN	N-PMPN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 πλανῶνται	nsubj	high	Subject of πλανῶνται.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	6 ἐς	cc	high	Connective introducing the prepositional phrase.
6	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	12 χώραν	case	high	Preposition governing χώραν.
7	τὴν	ὁ	DET	EA--FSA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	12 χώραν	det	high	Article with χώραν.
8	περὶ	περί	ADP	R--------	_	10 Ὄλυμπον	case	high	Preposition governing Ὄλυμπον.
9	τὸν	ὁ	DET	EA--MSA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 Ὄλυμπον	det	high	Article with Ὄλυμπον.
10	Ὄλυμπον	Ὄλυμπος	PROPN	Nb-S---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 χώραν	nmod	high	Object of περί modifying χώραν.
11	πλανῶνται	πλανάομαι	VERB	V-3PPMI-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb.
12	χώραν	χώρα	NOUN	N-SFSA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 πλανῶνται	obl	high	Goal/extent-like oblique phrase with ἐς and embedded modifier.
13	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	11 πλανῶνται	punct	high	Sentence punctuation.

Sentence 2

6.5.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 21
Input: 752
Output: 1,507
Total: 2,259

τούτου δὲ τοῦ ὄρους ἡ μὲν ἐς Μακεδονίαν πλευρά, ἡ δὲ ἐπὶ Θεσσαλοὺς καὶ τὸν ποταμὸν τέτραπται τὸν Πηνειόν·

The syntax is elliptical: the second member likely shares an implied πλευρά, and Πηνειόν is best treated as appositional identification of ποταμὸν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τούτου	οὗτος	DET	Pd-GenNeutSg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	4 ὄρους	det	high	Demonstrative modifying ὄρους.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	Tn	_	9 πλευρά	discourse	high	Postpositive particle.
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	Art-GenNeutSg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	4 ὄρους	det	high	Article modifying ὄρους.
4	ὄρους	ὄρος	NOUN	N-GenNeutSg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 πλευρά	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of πλευρά.
5	ἡ	ὁ	DET	Art-NomFemSg	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 πλευρά	det	high	Article with πλευρά.
6	μὲν	μέν	PART	Gd	_	9 πλευρά	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
7	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	Prep	_	8 Μακεδονίαν	case	high	Preposition governing Μακεδονίαν.
8	Μακεδονίαν	Μακεδονία	PROPN	N-AccFemSg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 πλευρά	nmod	high	Prepositional complement modifying πλευρά.
9	πλευρά	πλευρά	NOUN	N-NomFemSg	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 τέτραπται	nsubj	high	First subject of τέτραπται.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	9 πλευρά	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
11	ἡ	ὁ	DET	Art-NomFemSg	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	18 τέτραπται	nsubj	high	Article functioning with implied πλευρά.
12	δὲ	δέ	PART	Tn	_	18 τέτραπται	discourse	high	Postpositive particle.
13	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	Prep	_	14 Θεσσαλοὺς	case	high	Preposition governing Θεσσαλοὺς.
14	Θεσσαλοὺς	Θεσσαλός	PROPN	N-AccMascPl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	18 τέτραπται	nmod	high	Prepositional complement modifying the implied πλευρά.
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Co	_	17 ποταμὸν	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
16	τὸν	ὁ	DET	Art-AccMascSg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	17 ποταμὸν	det	high	Article modifying ποταμόν.
17	ποταμὸν	ποταμός	NOUN	N-AccMascSg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 τέτραπται	obj	high	Object of ἐπὶ phrase in parallel to Θεσσαλοὺς.
18	τέτραπται	τρέπω	VERB	V-PerfMidInd3Sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Finite verbal root.
19	τὸν	ὁ	DET	Art-AccMascSg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	20 Πηνειόν	det	high	Article modifying Πηνειόν.
20	Πηνειόν	Πηνειός	PROPN	N-AccMascSg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 ποταμὸν	appos	medium	Likely apposition to ποταμὸν / further identification of the river.
21	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	18 τέτραπται	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 3

6.5.5 sentence 3

Tokens: 18
Input: 744
Output: 1,351
Total: 2,095

ἐνταῦθα ὁ Πουλυδάμας λέοντα ἐν τῷ Ὀλύμπῳ, μέγα καὶ ἄλκιμον θηρίον, κατειργάσατο οὐδενὶ ἐσκευασμένος ὅπλῳ.

The phrase μέγα καὶ ἄλκιμον θηρίον is treated as apposition to λέοντα; ἐσκευασμένος is a circumstantial participle with an instrumental dative expression οὐδενὶ ὅπλῳ.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνταῦθα	ADV	D--------	_	14 κατειργάσατο	advmod	high	Locative adverb modifying the main verb.
2	ὁ	ὁ	DET	l-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	3 Πουλυδάμας	det	high	Article with proper name.
3	Πουλυδάμας	Πουλυδάμας	PROPN	n-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 κατειργάσατο	nsubj	high	Subject of κατειργάσατο.
4	λέοντα	λέων	NOUN	n-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 κατειργάσατο	obj	high	Direct object of the verb.
5	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	7 Ὀλύμπῳ	case	high	Preposition governing dative.
6	τῷ	ὁ	DET	l-s---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	7 Ὀλύμπῳ	det	high	Article with place name.
7	Ὀλύμπῳ	Ὄλυμπος	PROPN	n-s---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 κατειργάσατο	obl	high	Dative locative complement with ἐν.
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 λέοντα	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
9	μέγα	μέγας	ADJ	a-s---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 θηρίον	amod	high	Adjectival modifier of θηρίον.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	c--------	_	11 ἄλκιμον	cc	high	Connects adjectives in the apposition.
11	ἄλκιμον	ἄλκιμος	ADJ	a-s---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 θηρίον	amod	high	Second adjective modifying θηρίον.
12	θηρίον	θηρίον	NOUN	n-s---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 λέοντα	appos	medium	Appositive descriptive noun phrase referring to λέοντα.
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	12 θηρίον	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
14	κατειργάσατο	κατεργάζομαι	VERB	v--samim-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main finite verb.
15	οὐδενὶ	οὐδείς	PRON	a-s---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Neg	16 ἐσκευασμένος	obl	medium	Likely instrumental/dative with participle, 'with no ...'.
16	ἐσκευασμένος	σκευάζω	VERB	v-sppmmn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	14 κατειργάσατο	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle modifying the subject.
17	ὅπλῳ	ὅπλον	NOUN	n-s---nd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 ἐσκευασμένος	obl	high	Dative governed by the participial expression.
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	14 κατειργάσατο	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 4

6.5.5 sentence 4

Tokens: 22
Input: 771
Output: 1,531
Total: 2,302

προήχθη δὲ ἐς τὸ τόλμημα φιλοτιμίᾳ πρὸς τὰ Ἡρακλέους ἔργα, ὅτι καὶ Ἡρακλέα ἔχει λόγος κρατῆσαι τοῦ ἐν Νεμέᾳ λέοντος.

The main difficulty is the clause after ὅτι: λόγος + infinitive κρατῆσαι is somewhat elliptical, and the genitive τοῦ ἐν Νεμέᾳ λέοντος is syntactically unusual but best taken as the object/complement of κρατῆσαι.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	προήχθη	προάγω	VERB	V-API-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	1 προήχθη	discourse	high
3	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	1 προήχθη	obl	high
4	τὸ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 τόλμημα	det	high
5	τόλμημα	τόλμημα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	1 προήχθη	obl	high	Accusative object of ἐς.
6	φιλοτιμίᾳ	φιλοτιμία	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 προήχθη	obl	high	Dative of means/reason.
7	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	_	_	1 προήχθη	obl	high
8	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	10 ἔργα	det	high
9	Ἡρακλέους	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ἔργα	nmod	high
10	ἔργα	ἔργον	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	7 πρὸς	obl	high	Object of πρός.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 προήχθη	punct	high
12	ὅτι	ὅτι	SCONJ	_	_	15 ἔχει	mark	high
13	καὶ	καί	PART	_	_	14 Ἡρακλέα	advmod	medium	Likely focusing/additive particle modifying Ἡρακλέα.
14	Ἡρακλέα	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ἔχει	obj	high
15	ἔχει	ἔχω	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	1 προήχθη	advcl	medium	Clause introduced by ὅτι; syntax somewhat elliptical with λόγος as subject.
16	λόγος	λόγος	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ἔχει	nsubj	high
17	κρατῆσαι	κρατέω	VERB	V-AAN	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	16 λόγος	csubj	medium	Infinitival complement of λόγος/ἔχει.
18	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	21 λέοντος	det	high
19	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	_	_	21 λέοντος	case	high
20	Νεμέᾳ	Νεμέα	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 λέοντος	nmod	high	Dative with ἐν.
21	λέοντος	λέων	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 κρατῆσαι	obj	low	Likely governed by κρατῆσαι ('to master the lion'); genitive form is unusual here but can reflect textual transmission.
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 προήχθη	punct	high

← 6.5.3 6.5.6 →