Grammar parses for passage 6.8.2
Open translation for this passage
ἐς δὲ πύκτην ἄνδρα, γένος μὲν Ἀρκάδα ἐκ Παρρασίων, Δάμαρχον δὲ ὄνομα, οὔ μοι πιστὰ ἦν πέρα γε τῆς ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ νίκης ὁπόσα ἄλλα ἀνδρῶν ἀλαζόνων ἐστὶν εἰρημένα, ὡς ἐξ ἀνθρώπου μεταβάλοι τὸ εἶδος ἐς λύκον ἐπὶ τῇ θυσίᾳ τοῦ Λυκαίου Διός, καὶ ὡς ὕστερον τούτων ἔτει δεκάτῳ γένοιτο αὖθις ἄνθρωπος.
Long reported-content structure with two ὡς-clauses governed by εἰρημένα; ὁπόσα ἄλλα ἀνδρῶν ἀλαζόνων ἐστὶν εἰρημένα is treated as the main nominal complement inside the first predication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ἄνδρα | case | high | Governed by πύκτην. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 4 ἄνδρα | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | πύκτην | πύκτης | NOUN | NN | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἄνδρα | compound | medium | Likely appositional/attributive with ἄνδρα. |
| 4 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | NN | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main nominal head of the sentence fragment. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἄνδρα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | NN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἄνδρα | appos | high | Apposition to ἄνδρα. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 6 γένος | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 8 | Ἀρκάδα | Ἀρκάς | ADJ | A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 γένος | amod | medium | Ethnic adjective used substantively/appositionally. |
| 9 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 Παρρασίων | case | high | Governed by Παρρασίων. |
| 10 | Παρρασίων | Παρράσιοι | PROPN | NNP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Ἀρκάδα | nmod | high | Genitive of origin with ἐκ. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 γένος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | Δάμαρχον | Δάμαρχος | PROPN | NNP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 γένος | appos | high | Second apposition to γένος/ἄνδρα. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 12 Δάμαρχον | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 14 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | NN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 Δάμαρχον | appos | medium | Appositional naming phrase. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 Δάμαρχον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | οὔ | οὐ | PART | NEG | _ | 19 ἦν | advmod | high | Negates ἦν. |
| 17 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 19 ἦν | iobj | high | Dative of reference/interest. |
| 18 | πιστὰ | πιστός | ADJ | A- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Predicative subject with ἦν; neuter plural treated as collective. |
| 19 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate of disbelief. |
| 20 | πέρα | πέρα | ADV | D- | _ | 19 ἦν | advmod | high | Adverbial 'beyond'. |
| 21 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 20 πέρα | discourse | high | Enclitic emphasis. |
| 22 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 νίκης | det | high | Determines νίκης. |
| 23 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | Governed by Ὀλυμπίᾳ. |
| 24 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | NNP | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 νίκης | nmod | high | Locative modifier of νίκης. |
| 25 | νίκης | νίκη | NOUN | NN | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἦν | obl | high | Genitive complement within πέρα phrase. |
| 26 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | Pk | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστίν. |
| 27 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ἀνδρῶν | amod | high | Attributive to ἀνδρῶν. |
| 28 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | NN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 εἰρημένα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of εἰρημένα. |
| 29 | ἀλαζόνων | ἀλαζών | ADJ | A- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ἀνδρῶν | amod | high | Attributive to ἀνδρῶν. |
| 30 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 31 εἰρημένα | cop | high | Copula. |
| 31 | εἰρημένα | λέγω | VERB | V- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 26 ὁπόσα | acl | high | Participle clause modifying ὁπόσα. |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 εἰρημένα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 33 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 36 μεταβάλοι | mark | high | Introduces reported content. |
| 34 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 35 ἀνθρώπου | case | high | Governed by ἀνθρώπου. |
| 35 | ἀνθρώπου | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | NN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 μεταβάλοι | obl | high | Source/starting point. |
| 36 | μεταβάλοι | μεταβάλλω | VERB | V- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 31 εἰρημένα | ccomp | high | Content clause dependent on εἰρημένα/ὡς. |
| 37 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 38 εἶδος | det | high | Determines εἶδος. |
| 38 | εἶδος | εἶδος | NOUN | NN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 36 μεταβάλοι | obj | high | Direct object of μεταβάλοι. |
| 39 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 40 λύκον | case | high | Governed by λύκον. |
| 40 | λύκον | λύκος | NOUN | NN | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 μεταβάλοι | obl | high | Directional/resultative complement. |
| 41 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 43 θυσίᾳ | case | high | Governed by θυσίᾳ. |
| 42 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 θυσίᾳ | det | high | Determines θυσίᾳ. |
| 43 | θυσίᾳ | θυσία | NOUN | NN | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 μεταβάλοι | obl | high | Temporal/circumstantial oblique. |
| 44 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 46 Διός | det | high | Determines Διός. |
| 45 | Λυκαίου | Λύκαιος | ADJ | A- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 46 Διός | amod | high | Attributive to Διός. |
| 46 | Διός | Ζεύς | PROPN | NNP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 43 θυσίᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of θυσίᾳ. |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 μεταβάλοι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 48 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 49 ὡς | cc | high | Coordinates the second reported clause. |
| 49 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 54 γένοιτο | mark | high | Introduces second reported content. |
| 50 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D- | _ | 54 γένοιτο | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 51 | τούτων | οὗτος | DET | PD | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 52 ἔτει | det | high | Determines ἔτει. |
| 52 | ἔτει | ἔτος | NOUN | NN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 54 γένοιτο | obl | high | Temporal oblique. |
| 53 | δεκάτῳ | δέκατος | ADJ | A- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 52 ἔτει | amod | high | Attributive to ἔτει. |
| 54 | γένοιτο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 36 μεταβάλοι | conj | high | Second coordinated optative clause. |
| 55 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D- | _ | 54 γένοιτο | advmod | high | Again. |
| 56 | ἄνθρωπος | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | NN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 54 γένοιτο | nsubj | high | Subject of γένοιτο. |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἦν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀρκάδων λέγεσθαί μοι τοῦτο ἐφαίνετο ἐς αὐτόν, ἐλέγετο γὰρ ἂν καὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἐπιγράμματος τοῦ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ· ἔχει γὰρ δὴ οὕτως·
The first two clauses are coordinated by sense rather than overt syntax; ἐφαίνετο and ἐλέγετο are treated as separate roots of quoted/reportive clauses.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 10 ἐφαίνετο | advmod | high | Negation particle with ἐφαίνετο. |
| 2 | μὴν | μήν | PART | _ | _ | 10 ἐφαίνετο | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | PART | _ | _ | 10 ἐφαίνετο | advmod | high | Negative/additive particle. |
| 4 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 6 Ἀρκάδων | case | high | Introduces agent phrase. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | Article. |
| 6 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάδης | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 λέγεσθαί | obl | high | Agent in passive infinitival clause. |
| 7 | λέγεσθαί | λέγω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Imp|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 10 ἐφαίνετο | csubj | high | Passive infinitive as clausal subject of ἐφαίνετο. |
| 8 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 10 ἐφαίνετο | iobj | high | Dative of reference/recipient. |
| 9 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 10 ἐφαίνετο | obj | high | Object of infinitive, coreferential with content. |
| 10 | ἐφαίνετο | φαίνομαι | VERB | _ | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 12 αὐτόν | case | high | Directional preposition. |
| 12 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 ἐφαίνετο | obl | high | Goal/direction phrase. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐφαίνετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ἐλέγετο | λέγω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second clause; likely another main verb in reported speech. |
| 15 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 14 ἐλέγετο | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 16 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | _ | _ | 14 ἐλέγετο | advmod | high | Modal particle. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 ἐλέγετο | cc | high | Coordinating/additive conjunction. |
| 18 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 20 ἐπιγράμματος | case | high | Introduces agent phrase. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 ἐπιγράμματος | det | high | Article. |
| 20 | ἐπιγράμματος | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐλέγετο | obl | high | Genitive with ὑπό. |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | det | high | Article modifying Ὀλυμπίᾳ. |
| 22 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 23 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | Preposition in attributive phrase. |
| 23 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐπιγράμματος | nmod | high | Attributive genitive/locative phrase modifying ἐπιγράμματος. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐλέγετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 25 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Introduces cited wording. |
| 26 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 25 ἔχει | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 27 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 25 ἔχει | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 28 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | _ | _ | 25 ἔχει | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχει. |
| 29 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἔχει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
υἱὸς Δινύτα Δάμαρχος τάνδʼ ἀνέθηκεν εἰκόνʼ ἀπʼ Ἀρκαδίας Παρράσιος γενεάν.
The opening phrase is genealogical and slightly compressed; Παρράσιος and γενεάν are the main ambiguities in attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | υἱὸς | υἱός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνέθηκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνέθηκεν. |
| 2 | Δινύτα | Δινύτας | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 υἱὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of υἱός, indicating patronymic. |
| 3 | Δάμαρχος | Δάμαρχος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 υἱὸς | appos | medium | Likely appositional name identifying the subject. |
| 4 | τάνδʼ | ὅδε | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 εἰκόνʼ | det | high | Demonstrative modifying εἰκόνα. |
| 5 | ἀνέθηκεν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | εἰκόνʼ | εἰκών | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνέθηκεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀνέθηκεν. |
| 7 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 8 Ἀρκαδίας | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀρκαδίας. |
| 8 | Ἀρκαδίας | Ἀρκαδία | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 γενεάν | nmod | medium | Genitive complement of γενεάν; with ἀπό forms a source/origin phrase. |
| 9 | Παρράσιος | Παρράσιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 υἱὸς | amod | medium | Likely ethnic adjective modifying the subject name; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 10 | γενεάν | γενεά | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνέθηκεν | obl | medium | Adverbial accusative with ἀπʼ Ἀρκαδίας, expressing lineage/origin; could also be construed appositionally. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀνέθηκεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |