Grammar parses for passage 6.9.3
Open translation for this passage
Ἀριστεὺς δὲ Ἀργεῖος δολίχου μὲν νίκην ἔσχεν αὐτός, πάλης δὲ ὁ πατὴρ τοῦ Ἀριστέως Χείμων·
The sentence coordinates two clauses: Ἀριστεύς is subject of ἔσχεν, with δολίχου and πάλης as genitives of the contests; the second clause is verbless, with Χείμων as nominative subject/predicate of an understood ἔσχεν and πατὴρ as its appositional description. The attachment of αὐτός is interpreted as emphatic subject modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστεὺς | Ἀριστεύς | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀργεῖος | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἀριστεὺς | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used attributively. |
| 4 | δολίχου | δόλιχος | NOUN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 νίκην | nmod | high | Genitive of the race/event in which victory was won. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | T-------- | _ | 4 δολίχου | advmod | high | Correlative particle paired with the later δέ. |
| 6 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔσχεν | obj | high | |
| 7 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V--IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | αὐτός | αὐτός | PRON | P-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 1 Ἀριστεὺς | appos | medium | Emphatic nominative, appositional to the subject; could alternatively be analyzed as a detached emphatic pronoun. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | πάλης | πάλη | NOUN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 Χείμων | nmod | high | Genitive of the athletic event; scope is the elliptical second clause. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 Χείμων | cc | high | Coordinates the elliptical second clause. |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L----NSM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πατὴρ | det | high | |
| 13 | πατὴρ | πατήρ | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Χείμων | appos | high | Appositional description of Χείμων. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L----GSM- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ἀριστέως | det | high | |
| 15 | Ἀριστέως | Ἀριστεύς | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πατὴρ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πατήρ. |
| 16 | Χείμων | Χείμων | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔσχεν | conj | medium | Subject/predicate of an elliptical coordinated clause, with ἔσχεν understood; attached as a coordinated nominal clause head. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔσχεν | punct | high |
ἑστήκασι μὲν δὴ ἐγγὺς ἀλλήλων,
The finite verb ἑστήκασι is the root; μὲν δή are discourse particles, and ἐγγύς governs the genitive reciprocal ἀλλήλων.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἑστήκασι | ἵστημι | VERB | V-3PPA | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active, intransitive: ‘they stand’. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 粒 | _ | 1 ἑστήκασι | discourse | high | Correlative/discourse particle; counterpart may occur outside this sentence. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | 粒 | _ | 1 ἑστήκασι | discourse | high | Emphatic discourse particle. |
| 4 | ἐγγὺς | ἐγγύς | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἑστήκασι | advmod | high | Adverbial predicate modifier meaning ‘near’; governs the following genitive. |
| 5 | ἀλλήλων | ἀλλήλων | PRON | P-3GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐγγὺς | obl | high | Genitive reciprocal complement of ἐγγύς. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἑστήκασι | punct | high |
λέγεται δὲ ὡς Ταυροσθένην καταπαλαίσειεν ὁ Χείμων τὸν Αἰγινήτην καὶ ὡς Ταυροσθένης τῇ Ὀλυμπιάδι τῇ ἐφεξῆς καταβάλοι τοὺς ἐσελθόντας ἐς τὴν πάλην
Two coordinated ὡς-clauses depend on λέγεται. The optatives καταπαλαίσειεν and καταβάλοι are oblique optatives in reported speech; ἐφεξῆς is an adverb modifying τῇ Ὀλυμπιάδι. The first clause has Χείμων as subject and Ταυροσθένην as object; the second has Ταυροσθένης as subject and τοὺς ἐσελθόντας as object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V3SPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 1 λέγεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 5 καταπαλαίσειεν | mark | high | Introduces the first reported clause. |
| 4 | Ταυροσθένην | Ταυροσθένης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 καταπαλαίσειεν | obj | high | |
| 5 | καταπαλαίσειεν | καταπαλαίω | VERB | V3SAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 λέγεται | ccomp | medium | Oblique optative in reported speech. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Χείμων | det | high | |
| 7 | Χείμων | Χείμων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 καταπαλαίσειεν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Αἰγινήτην | det | high | |
| 9 | Αἰγινήτην | Αἰγινήτης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ταυροσθένην | appos | medium | Appositional epithet/name for Ταυροσθένην. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 5 καταπαλαίσειεν | cc | high | |
| 11 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 17 καταβάλοι | mark | high | Introduces the coordinated second reported clause. |
| 12 | Ταυροσθένης | Ταυροσθένης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 καταβάλοι | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Ὀλυμπιάδι | det | high | |
| 14 | Ὀλυμπιάδι | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 καταβάλοι | obl | high | Dative of time/occasion. |
| 15 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐφεξῆς | det | high | |
| 16 | ἐφεξῆς | ἐφεξῆς | ADV | D--------- | _ | 14 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | medium | Adverb used attributively with τῇ Ὀλυμπιάδι. |
| 17 | καταβάλοι | καταβάλλω | VERB | V3S-AO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 λέγεται | conj | medium | Oblique optative in the second coordinated reported clause. |
| 18 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἐσελθόντας | det | high | |
| 19 | ἐσελθόντας | εἰσέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 καταβάλοι | obj | high | Substantivized aorist participle. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 22 πάλην | case | high | |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 πάλην | det | high | |
| 22 | πάλην | πάλη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἐσελθόντας | obl | high | Object of εἰς with the participle ἐσελθόντας. |
καὶ ὡς ἐοικὸς Ταυροσθένει φάσμα ἐπʼ ἐκείνης τῆς ἡμέρας ἐν Αἰγίνῃ φανὲν ἀπαγγείλειε τὴν νίκην.
Optative ἀπαγγείλειε is the finite verb, with ὡς ἐοικὸς introducing an idiomatic inferential/parenthetic qualification; φάσμα is its subject and φανὲν a circumstantial participle. Ταυροσθένει is a dative of reference, while ἐπʼ ἐκείνης τῆς ἡμέρας and ἐν Αἰγίνῃ modify the apparition/event.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 13 ἀπαγγείλειε | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | Adv | _ | 3 ἐοικὸς | mark | medium | Idiomatic ὡς with ἐοικὸς; classification as subordinator is approximate. |
| 3 | ἐοικὸς | ἔοικα | VERB | VPRAP-SNA | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Active | 13 ἀπαγγείλειε | advcl | medium | Perfect participle used impersonally/parenthetically, ‘as is fitting/likely’. |
| 4 | Ταυροσθένει | Ταυροσθένης | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 3 ἐοικὸς | iobj | medium | Dative of reference with ἐοικὸς. |
| 5 | φάσμα | φάσμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 13 ἀπαγγείλειε | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 9 ἡμέρας | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 7 | ἐκείνης | ἐκεῖνος | DET | A-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 9 ἡμέρας | det | high | |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 9 ἡμέρας | det | high | |
| 9 | ἡμέρας | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 12 φανὲν | obl | high | Temporal genitive within the ἐπί phrase. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 11 Αἰγίνῃ | case | high | |
| 11 | Αἰγίνῃ | Αἴγινα | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 12 φανὲν | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 12 | φανὲν | φαίνω | VERB | VPAAN-SNN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 5 φάσμα | acl | high | Agrees with φάσμα; ‘having appeared/been seen’. |
| 13 | ἀπαγγείλειε | ἀπαγγέλλω | VERB | V2AAO3S | Mood=Optative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Third-singular aorist active optative; exact irrealis/reportative force depends on wider context. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 15 νίκην | det | high | |
| 15 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 13 ἀπαγγείλειε | obj | high | |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 13 ἀπαγγείλειε | punct | high |