Grammar parses for passage 7.1.2
Open translation for this passage
χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον ἀποθανόντος Ἕλληνος Ξοῦθον οἱ λοιποὶ τοῦ Ἕλληνος παῖδες διώκουσιν ἐκ Θεσσαλίας, ἐπενεγκόντες αἰτίαν ὡς ἰδίᾳ χρήματα ὑφελόμενος ἔχοι τῶν πατρῴων·
Genitive absolute χρόνῳ ... ἀποθανόντος Ἕλληνος is temporal; Ξοῦθον is the object of διώκουσιν. The participial clause ἐπενεγκόντες αἰτίαν introduces the alleged charge with ὡς; ἔχοι is optative in reported thought, with ὑφελόμενος agreeing with the understood subject Ξοῦθον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χρόνῳ | χρόνος | NOUN | N-dat-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 διώκουσιν | obl:tmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 διώκουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 ἀποθανόντος | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the genitive-absolute clause. |
| 4 | ἀποθανόντος | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-aor-act-ptcp-gen-s-m | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 διώκουσιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Ἕλληνος. |
| 5 | Ἕλληνος | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-gen-s-m | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἀποθανόντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 6 | Ξοῦθον | Ξοῦθος | PROPN | N-acc-s-m | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 διώκουσιν | obj | high | |
| 7 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-nom-p-m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 λοιποὶ | det | high | |
| 8 | λοιποὶ | λοιπός | ADJ | A-nom-p-m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 παῖδες | amod | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-gen-s-m | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἕλληνος | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἕλληνος | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-gen-s-m | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 παῖδες | nmod:poss | high | Possessor of παῖδες. |
| 11 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N-nom-p-m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 διώκουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | διώκουσιν | διώκω | VERB | V-pres-act-ind-3p | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 Θεσσαλίας | case | high | |
| 14 | Θεσσαλίας | Θεσσαλία | PROPN | N-gen-s-f | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 διώκουσιν | obl | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 διώκουσιν | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἐπενεγκόντες | ἐπιφέρω | VERB | V-aor-act-ptcp-nom-p-m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 διώκουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with παῖδες. |
| 17 | αἰτίαν | αἰτία | NOUN | N-acc-s-f | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπενεγκόντες | obj | high | |
| 18 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἔχοι | mark | high | Introduces the alleged reason or charge. |
| 19 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | A-dat-s-f | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ὑφελόμενος | advmod | high | Adverbial dative, ‘privately/for himself’. |
| 20 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-acc-p-n | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 ὑφελόμενος | obj | high | |
| 21 | ὑφελόμενος | ὑφαιρέω | VERB | V-aor-mid-ptcp-nom-s-m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 22 ἔχοι | advcl | high | Agrees with the understood subject Ξοῦθον; middle voice is lexical/reflexive. |
| 22 | ἔχοι | ἔχω | VERB | V-pres-act-opt-3s | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 αἰτίαν | ccomp | medium | Oblique optative in the reported charge; subject is understood Ξοῦθον. |
| 23 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-gen-p-n | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 πατρῴων | det | high | |
| 24 | πατρῴων | πατρῷος | ADJ | A-gen-p-n | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 χρήματα | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective: paternal property. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 διώκουσιν | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ ἐς Ἀθήνας φυγὼν θυγατέρα Ἐρεχθέως ἠξιώθη λαβεῖν καὶ παῖδας Ἀχαιὸν καὶ Ἴωνα ἔσχεν ἐξ αὐτῆς.
The coordinated predicates ἠξιώθη λαβεῖν and ἔσχεν share the understood masculine subject introduced by ὁ φυγών; Ἀχαιὸν and Ἴωνα are coordinated accusative objects of ἔσχεν, while ἐξ αὐτῆς expresses their maternal origin.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-dsm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 φυγὼν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἠξιώθη | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Ἀθήνας | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | Ἀθήνας | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | Ne-p---a- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 φυγὼν | obl | high | |
| 5 | φυγὼν | φεύγω | VERB | V-2AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἠξιώθη | nsubj | high | Substantivized masculine participle; subject of ἠξιώθη and ἔσχεν. |
| 6 | θυγατέρα | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 λαβεῖν | obj | high | Object of λαβεῖν. |
| 7 | Ἐρεχθέως | Ἐρεχθεύς | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 θυγατέρα | nmod | high | |
| 8 | ἠξιώθη | ἀξιόω | VERB | V-AIP-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive with complementary infinitive λαβεῖν. |
| 9 | λαβεῖν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-2AAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἠξιώθη | xcomp | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἔσχεν | cc | high | Coordinates ἠξιώθη and ἔσχεν. |
| 11 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Object of ἔσχεν; coordinated with the following names. |
| 12 | Ἀχαιὸν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 παῖδας | appos | medium | Personal name in apposition to παῖδας; number is singular. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 Ἴωνα | cc | high | Coordinates the two personal names. |
| 14 | Ἴωνα | Ἴων | PROPN | N-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 παῖδας | conj | medium | Personal name coordinated with Ἀχαιὸν; proper-name declension is uncertain in some tagsets. |
| 15 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἠξιώθη | conj | high | Coordinated finite predicate. |
| 16 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 αὐτῆς | case | high | Elided form before vowel. |
| 17 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 15 ἔσχεν | obl | high | Refers to the daughter; ἐξ αὐτῆς denotes maternal origin. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἠξιώθη | punct | high |
ἀποθανόντος δὲ Ἐρεχθέως τοῖς παισὶν αὐτοῦ δικαστὴς Ξοῦθος ἐγένετο ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀρχῆς, καὶ---ἔγνω γὰρ τὸν πρεσβύτατον Κέκροπα βασιλέα εἶναι---οἱ λοιποὶ τοῦ Ἐρεχθέως παῖδες ἐξελαύνουσιν ἐκ τῆς χώρας αὐτόν·
Genitive absolute ἀποθανόντος Ἐρεχθέως supplies the temporal frame; Ξοῦθος is subject of ἐγένετο and δικαστής is its predicate nominative. The parenthetical γὰρ clause has ἔγνω with an accusative-and-infinitive construction, while οἱ λοιποὶ παῖδες is subject of ἐξελαύνουσιν and αὐτόν its object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀποθανόντος | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V--AAP-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 3 Ἐρεχθέως | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | Polarity=Pos | 1 ἀποθανόντος | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἐρεχθέως | Ἐρεχθεύς | PROPN | N--GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 ἀποθανόντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T--DPM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 5 παισὶν | det | high | |
| 5 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | N--DPM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 7 δικαστὴς | iobj | high | Dative with δικαστής ἐγένετο, ‘became judge for/to the children’. |
| 6 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P--GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 5 παισὶν | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 7 | δικαστὴς | δικαστής | NOUN | N--NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 9 ἐγένετο | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with ἐγένετο. |
| 8 | Ξοῦθος | Ξοῦθος | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 9 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--AMI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R | _ | 12 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T--GFS | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 12 ἀρχῆς | det | high | |
| 12 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N--GFS | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 7 δικαστὴς | nmod | high | ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀρχῆς modifies δικαστής, ‘judge concerning/on behalf of the rule’. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐγένετο | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 ἐξελαύνουσιν | cc | medium | Coordinates the main assertion with the following historical consequence; parenthetical material intervenes. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔγνω | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔγνω | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔγνω | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 18 | ἔγνω | γιγνώσκω | VERB | V--AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 33 ἐξελαύνουσιν | advcl | high | Parenthetical explanatory clause; subject is implicit Ξοῦθος. |
| 19 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἔγνω | cc | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T--ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 22 Κέκροπα | det | high | |
| 21 | πρεσβύτατον | πρέσβυς | ADJ | A--ASM-S | Case=Accusative|Degree=Superlative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 22 Κέκροπα | amod | high | Superlative adjective modifying Κέκροπα. |
| 22 | Κέκροπα | Κέκροψ | PROPN | N--ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 24 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 23 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N--ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 24 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 24 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 18 ἔγνω | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἔγνω. |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔγνω | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔγνω | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔγνω | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 28 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T--NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 32 παῖδες | det | high | Substantivizing article with λοιποί. |
| 29 | λοιποὶ | λοιπός | ADJ | A--NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 32 παῖδες | amod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the remaining’. |
| 30 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 31 Ἐρεχθέως | det | high | |
| 31 | Ἐρεχθέως | Ἐρεχθεύς | PROPN | N--GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 32 παῖδες | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on παῖδες. |
| 32 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N--NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 33 ἐξελαύνουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 33 | ἐξελαύνουσιν | ἐξελαύνω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Main clause coordinated by καί; root analysis treats the parenthetical as an inserted explanatory clause. |
| 34 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 36 χώρας | case | high | |
| 35 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T--GFS | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 36 χώρας | det | high | |
| 36 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N--GFS | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 33 ἐξελαύνουσιν | obl | high | Source/location complement of ἐξελαύνουσιν. |
| 37 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P--ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 33 ἐξελαύνουσιν | obj | high | Object, referring to Κέκροπα. |
| 38 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἐξελαύνουσιν | punct | high |