Grammar parses for passage 7.1.6
Open translation for this passage
τὰ δὲ ἐς Ἴωνας καὶ Ἀχαιούς, ὁπόσα ἐπράχθη σφίσιν ἐπʼ ἀλλήλους, ἐπέξεισιν αὐτίκα ὁ λόγος μοι προδιηγησαμένῳ καθʼ ἥντινα αἰτίαν τοῖς Λακεδαίμονα οἰκοῦσι καὶ Ἄργος πρὸ τῆς τῶν Δωριέων καθόδου μόνοις Πελοποννησίων ὑπῆρξεν Ἀχαιοῖς καλεῖσθαι.
The sentence has a compressed explanatory construction: ὁ λόγος ἐπέξεισιν … καλεῖσθαι, with ὑπῆρξεν embedded under the infinitive and προδιηγησαμένῳ functioning as a circumstantial authorial participle; the dative agreement around προδιηγησαμένῳ is syntactically uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | article acc neut pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐπέξεισιν | obj | medium | Substantivized article, ‘the matters concerning…’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | postpositive conjunction | _ | 14 ἐπέξεισιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | preposition acc | _ | 4 Ἴωνας | case | high | Epic/older form ἐς. |
| 4 | Ἴωνας | Ἴων | PROPN | proper noun acc masc pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 τὰ | nmod | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | coordinating conjunction | _ | 6 Ἀχαιούς | cc | high | |
| 6 | Ἀχαιούς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | proper noun acc masc pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Ἴωνας | conj | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐπέξεισιν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | ADJ | relative adjective acc neut pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 9 ἐπράχθη | nsubj:pass | medium | Relatival subject: ‘whatever things’. |
| 9 | ἐπράχθη | πράσσω | VERB | aor ind pass 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 14 ἐπέξεισιν | advcl:rel | high | Singular verb with neuter plural subject, as normal in Greek. |
| 10 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | personal pronoun dat pl | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 ἐπράχθη | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/affected parties. |
| 11 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | preposition acc | _ | 12 ἀλλήλους | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 12 | ἀλλήλους | ἀλλήλων | PRON | reciprocal pronoun acc masc pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rcp | 9 ἐπράχθη | obl | high | Reciprocal relation with ἐπί. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐπέξεισιν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἐπέξεισιν | ἐπέξειμι | VERB | pres ind act 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | ‘The account proceeds to/in turn treats’; compound verb parsing somewhat lexical. |
| 15 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | adverb | _ | 14 ἐπέξεισιν | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | article nom masc sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 λόγος | det | high | |
| 17 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | noun nom masc sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐπέξεισιν | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | personal pronoun dat sg | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 19 προδιηγησαμένῳ | iobj | medium | Dative with προδιηγησαμένῳ, ‘having previously narrated to me’ is syntactically compressed; may be construed as authorial dative. |
| 19 | προδιηγησαμένῳ | προδιηγέομαι | VERB | aor mid ptcp dat masc sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 ἐπέξεισιν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle, agreeing notionally with the speaker/author; dative form is syntactically difficult. |
| 20 | καθʼ | κατά | ADP | preposition acc | _ | 22 αἰτίαν | case | high | Elided form of κατά. |
| 21 | ἥντινα | ὅστις | PRON | relative pronoun acc fem sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 22 αἰτίαν | det | high | Feminine accusative modifying αἰτίαν. |
| 22 | αἰτίαν | αἰτία | NOUN | noun acc fem sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 προδιηγησαμένῳ | obl | medium | Object of κατά in the phrase ‘according to what reason’. |
| 23 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | article dat masc pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 οἰκοῦσι | det | high | |
| 24 | Λακεδαίμονα | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | proper noun acc masc sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 οἰκοῦσι | obj | high | Accusative object of οἰκοῦσι. |
| 25 | οἰκοῦσι | οἰκέω | VERB | pres act ptcp dat masc pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 37 καλεῖσθαι | xcomp | high | Participial phrase ‘those inhabiting Sparta’. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | coordinating conjunction | _ | 27 Ἄργος | cc | high | |
| 27 | Ἄργος | Ἄργος | PROPN | proper noun acc neut sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 οἰκοῦσι | conj | high | Second accusative object of οἰκοῦσι. |
| 28 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | preposition gen | _ | 32 καθόδου | case | high | |
| 29 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | article gen fem sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 καθόδου | det | high | |
| 30 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | article gen masc pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 Δωριέων | det | high | |
| 31 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | proper noun gen masc pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 καθόδου | nmod | high | |
| 32 | καθόδου | κάθοδος | NOUN | noun gen fem sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 ὑπῆρξεν | obl | high | Genitive object of πρό, ‘before the Dorian return’. |
| 33 | μόνοις | μόνος | ADJ | adjective dat masc pl | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 Ἀχαιοῖς | amod | medium | Predicative/limiting adjective with Ἀχαιοῖς. |
| 34 | Πελοποννησίων | Πελοποννήσιος | ADJ | adjective gen masc pl | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 Ἀχαιοῖς | nmod | high | Partitive genitive, ‘of the Peloponnesians’. |
| 35 | ὑπῆρξεν | ὑπάρχω | VERB | aor ind act 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 37 καλεῖσθαι | ccomp | medium | Finite clause under καλεῖσθαι: ‘it was available/was the case’. |
| 36 | Ἀχαιοῖς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | proper noun dat masc pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 καλεῖσθαι | iobj | high | Dative of the persons concerned with καλεῖσθαι. |
| 37 | καλεῖσθαι | καλέω | VERB | pres mid/pass inf | Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 14 ἐπέξεισιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in the explanatory construction governed by ὑπῆρξεν. |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐπέξεισιν | punct | high |
Ἄρχανδρος Ἀχαιοῦ καὶ Ἀρχιτέλης ἐς Ἄργος ἀφίκοντο ἐκ τῆς Φθιώτιδος, ἐλθόντες δὲ ἐγένοντο Δαναοῦ γαμβροί, καὶ Αὐτομάτην μὲν Ἀρχιτέλης, Σκαιὰν δὲ ἔλαβεν Ἄρχανδρος.
Two coordinated subjects (Ἄρχανδρος and Ἀρχιτέλης) share ἀφίκοντο; ἐλθόντες is a coordinated/depictive participle with the same subject. The final clauses coordinate the two subject names with μὲν...δέ and their respective objects.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἄρχανδρος | Ἄρχανδρος | PROPN | N--NM-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκοντο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | Ἀχαιοῦ | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N--GM-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἄρχανδρος | nmod | high | Patronymic or lineage genitive. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 4 Ἀρχιτέλης | cc | high | |
| 4 | Ἀρχιτέλης | Ἀρχιτέλης | PROPN | N--NM-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκοντο | conj | high | |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 6 Ἄργος | case | high | |
| 6 | Ἄργος | Ἄργος | PROPN | N--NA-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Accusative of destination after ἐς. |
| 7 | ἀφίκοντο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V--MI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R--------- | _ | 10 Φθιώτιδος | case | high | |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S--GF-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Φθιώτιδος | det | high | |
| 10 | Φθιώτιδος | Φθιῶτις | PROPN | N--GF-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Source ablative-like genitive after ἐκ. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἐλθόντες | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V--AAPNM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ἐγένοντο | advcl | medium | Circumstantial/temporal participle, sharing the plural subject. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 14 ἐγένοντο | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--MI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 ἀφίκοντο | conj | high | Coordinated predicate after ἀφίκοντο. |
| 15 | Δαναοῦ | Δαναός | PROPN | N--GM-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 γαμβροί | nmod | high | Possessive genitive: sons-in-law of Danaus. |
| 16 | γαμβροί | γαμβρός | NOUN | N--NM-P-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἐγένοντο | xcomp | high | Predicative nominative with γίγνομαι. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐγένοντο | punct | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 25 ἔλαβεν | cc | high | |
| 19 | Αὐτομάτην | Αὐτομάτη | PROPN | N--AF-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἔλαβεν | obj | high | Female proper name, object of ἔλαβεν. |
| 20 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X--------- | _ | 21 Ἀρχιτέλης | discourse | high | |
| 21 | Ἀρχιτέλης | Ἀρχιτέλης | PROPN | N--NM-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἔλαβεν | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἔλαβεν | punct | high | |
| 23 | Σκαιὰν | Σκαιά | PROPN | N--AF-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἔλαβεν | obj | high | Female proper name, object of ἔλαβεν. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 25 ἔλαβεν | cc | high | Correlative contrast with μὲν. |
| 25 | ἔλαβεν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V--AAI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ἐγένοντο | conj | high | Final coordinated predicate; μὲν...δέ contrasts its two subject-object pairings. |
| 26 | Ἄρχανδρος | Ἄρχανδρος | PROPN | N--NM-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἔλαβεν | nsubj | high | |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high |
δηλοῦσι δὲ ἐν Ἄργει καταμείναντες οὐχ ἥκιστα ἐν τῷδε· Μετανάστην γὰρ τῷ παιδὶ ὄνομα ἔθετο Ἄρχανδρος.
The first clause has an understood subject (the Argives or previously mentioned people) and a participial adjunct καταμείναντες; τῷδε introduces the evidence, while Μετανάστην is the predicate accusative with ὄνομα and τῷ παιδί the dative recipient/possessor with ἔθετο. The punctuation mark · is treated as punctuation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δηλοῦσι | δηλόω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 δηλοῦσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 4 Ἄργει | case | high | |
| 4 | Ἄργει | Ἄργος | PROPN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 καταμείναντες | obl | high | Locative use of dative. |
| 5 | καταμείναντες | καταμένω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 δηλοῦσι | advcl | medium | Subject is understood and controlled by the finite verb. |
| 6 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D-P | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἥκιστα | advmod | high | Allomorph before aspirated consonant. |
| 7 | ἥκιστα | ἥκιστα | ADV | D-S | Degree=Sup | 1 δηλοῦσι | advmod | high | Superlative adverb, ‘not least’. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 9 τῷδε | case | high | |
| 9 | τῷδε | ὅδε | PRON | P-DNS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 1 δηλοῦσι | obl | high | Substantivized demonstrative, ‘in this matter/evidence’. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δηλοῦσι | punct | high | |
| 11 | Μετανάστην | μετανάστης | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἔθετο | obj | medium | Predicate accusative/name assigned with ὄνομα ἔθετο; alternatively analyzed as the object-name. |
| 12 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | C | _ | 16 ἔθετο | mark | high | Postpositive explanatory conjunction. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | P-DNS | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 παιδὶ | det | high | |
| 14 | παιδὶ | παῖς | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἔθετο | iobj | high | Dative of the person receiving the name. |
| 15 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἔθετο | obj | medium | Naming-construction noun; may be treated as a cognate/predicative object with Μετανάστην. |
| 16 | ἔθετο | τίθημι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 δηλοῦσι | ccomp | high | Finite verb in explanatory clause. |
| 17 | Ἄρχανδρος | Ἄρχανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἔθετο | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δηλοῦσι | punct | high |