Grammar parses for passage 7.10.10
Open translation for this passage
ὁ δὲ ἐπελάβετο αὐτίκα ὁ Ῥωμαῖος τῆς προφάσεως, καὶ ὁπόσοις Καλλικράτης ἐπῆγεν αἰτίαν Περσεῖ σφᾶς φρονῆσαι τὰ αὐτά, ἀνέπεμπεν ἐν δικαστηρίῳ κρίσιν τῷ Ῥωμαίων ὑφέξοντας.
The relative clause headed by ὁπόσοις is coordinated semantically with the Roman's action: Καλλικράτης is subject of ἐπῆγεν and ὁπόσοις is its dative complement; ἀνέπεμπεν governs κρίσιν and the future participle ὑφέξοντας, whose accusative subject is σφᾶς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ῥωμαῖος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 3 ἐπελάβετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπελάβετο | ἐπιλαμβάνομαι | VERB | V3SAMM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | D--------- | _ | 3 ἐπελάβετο | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ῥωμαῖος | det | high | |
| 6 | Ῥωμαῖος | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐπελάβετο | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 προφάσεως | det | high | |
| 8 | προφάσεως | πρόφασις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐπελάβετο | obj | high | Genitive object selected by ἐπιλαμβάνομαι. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐπελάβετο | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 21 ἀνέπεμπεν | cc | high | |
| 11 | ὁπόσοις | ὁπόσος | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπῆγεν | obl | medium | Relative quantifier, dative complement of ἐπῆγεν. |
| 12 | Καλλικράτης | Καλλικράτης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπῆγεν | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | ἐπῆγεν | ἐπάγω | VERB | V3SIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 14 αἰτίαν | acl:rel | medium | Relative verb within the ὁπόσοις clause; exact attachment of this clause to the following accusation phrase is syntactically compressed. |
| 14 | αἰτίαν | αἰτία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἀνέπεμπεν | obj | medium | Accusative accusation/charge, coordinated in sense with the earlier action. |
| 15 | Περσεῖ | Περσεύς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπῆγεν | iobj | medium | Dative associated with ἐπῆγεν: charge against or concerning Perseus. |
| 16 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 17 φρονῆσαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 17 | φρονῆσαι | φρονέω | VERB | V--ANA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 αἰτίαν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive dependent on αἰτίαν: alleged that they thought the same. |
| 18 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 αὐτά | det | high | |
| 19 | αὐτά | αὐτός | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 φρονῆσαι | obj | high | Substantive neuter plural, ‘the same things/ideas’. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἀνέπεμπεν | punct | high | |
| 21 | ἀνέπεμπεν | ἀναπέμπω | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 3 ἐπελάβετο | conj | high | Coordinated predicate after καί. |
| 22 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 δικαστηρίῳ | case | high | |
| 23 | δικαστηρίῳ | δικαστήριον | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἀνέπεμπεν | obl | high | |
| 24 | κρίσιν | κρίσις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἀνέπεμπεν | obj | high | |
| 25 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 Ῥωμαίων | det | high | |
| 26 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 δικαστηρίῳ | nmod | high | Genitive plural dependent on δικαστηρίῳ; article is formally dative singular but phrase is textually irregular. |
| 27 | ὑφέξοντας | ὑπέχω | VERB | V--PNA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 24 κρίσιν | acl | medium | Future participle agreeing with σφᾶς; expresses the purpose/consequence of sending the case to trial. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐπελάβετο | punct | high |
ὃ μή πω κατειλήφει πρότερον Ἕλληνας·
Relative clause: ὃ is the accusative object of κατειλήφει, with μή πω expressing that the event had not yet occurred previously; πρότερον is an adverbial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | Prn_REL/Acc_Sg_N | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 4 κατειλήφει | obj | high | |
| 2 | μή | μή | PART | Ptcl_Neg | Polarity=Neg | 4 κατειλήφει | advmod | high | |
| 3 | πω | πω | ADV | Adv | _ | 4 κατειλήφει | advmod | high | Indefinite temporal adverb, ‘yet/ever’. |
| 4 | κατειλήφει | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | V-I Impf Act Ind 3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | Adv | Degree=Cmp | 4 κατειλήφει | advmod | high | Adverbial neuter comparative form, ‘previously/before’. |
| 6 | Ἕλληνας | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-Acc_Pl_M | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 κατειλήφει | obj | high | Accusative object; syntactically coordinated/second object or object-complement-like accusative with ὃ, depending on interpretation. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 4 κατειλήφει | punct | high |
οὐδὲ γὰρ παρὰ Μακεδόνων οἱ ἰσχύσαντες μέγιστον, Φίλιππος Ἀμύντου καὶ Ἀλέξανδρος, τοὺς ἀνθεστηκότας σφίσιν Ἑλλήνων ἐς Μακεδονίαν ἐβιάσαντο ἀποσταλῆναι,
The participle οἱ ἰσχύσαντες is substantivized and modified by μέγιστον; Φίλιππος and Ἀλέξανδρος are appositional subjects. The accusative τοὺς ἀνθεστηκότας is the object of ἐβιάσαντο, with σφίσιν referring to the Macedonian rulers; ἀποσταλῆναι is a complementary passive infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C--------- | Polarity=Neg | 20 ἐβιάσαντο | cc | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 20 ἐβιάσαντο | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory conjunction. |
| 3 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 4 Μακεδόνων | case | high | |
| 4 | Μακεδόνων | Μακεδών | PROPN | N----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἰσχύσαντες | obl | high | Genitive with παρὰ, ‘among/from the Macedonians’. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-NPM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἰσχύσαντες | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 6 | ἰσχύσαντες | ἰσχύω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 ἐβιάσαντο | nsubj | high | Substantivized aorist participle, ‘those who were most powerful’. |
| 7 | μέγιστον | μέγας | ADJ | A-SNS---- | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἰσχύσαντες | advmod | medium | Neuter superlative used adverbially, modifying ἰσχύσαντες. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἰσχύσαντες | punct | high | |
| 9 | Φίλιππος | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N-SM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἰσχύσαντες | appos | high | Apposition specifying one of the substantivized subjects. |
| 10 | Ἀμύντου | Ἀμύντας | PROPN | N-GSM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Φίλιππος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 12 Ἀλέξανδρος | cc | high | |
| 12 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-SM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἰσχύσαντες | appos | high | Coordinated appositional subject. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 Ἀλέξανδρος | punct | high | |
| 14 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἀνθεστηκότας | det | high | |
| 15 | ἀνθεστηκότας | ἀνθίστημι | VERB | V-RAP-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 ἐβιάσαντο | obj | high | Substantivized perfect participle, ‘those who had opposed’. |
| 16 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 20 ἐβιάσαντο | iobj | medium | Dative of personal relation/agent with ἀνθεστηκότας. |
| 17 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-GPM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἀνθεστηκότας | nmod | high | Partitive genitive: some of the Greeks. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 19 Μακεδονίαν | case | high | |
| 19 | Μακεδονίαν | Μακεδονία | PROPN | N-SAF---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἀποσταλῆναι | obl | high | Goal complement of ἀποσταλῆναι. |
| 20 | ἐβιάσαντο | βιάζω | VERB | V-AMI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 21 | ἀποσταλῆναι | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | V-APP-INF- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 20 ἐβιάσαντο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive; passive subject is τοὺς ἀνθεστηκότας. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐβιάσαντο | punct | high |