Grammar parses for passage 7.10.11
Open translation for this passage
τότε δὲ ἐκ τοῦ Ἀχαιῶν ἔθνους ὅντινα καὶ ἀναίτιον Καλλικράτης ἐθελήσειεν αἰτιάσασθαι, ἀνάγεσθαι πάντα τινὰ ἐκεκύρωτο ἐς Ῥώμην· καὶ ἐγένοντο ὑπὲρ χιλίους οἱ ἀναχθέντες.
The first clause has an optative relative construction modifying an implicit/indefinite person and an infinitival subject (ἀνάγεσθαι) governed by ἐκεκύρωτο; ὅντινα and ἀναίτιον form the object/predicate complex of αἰτιάσασθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | Adverb | PronType=Dem | 17 ἐκεκύρωτο | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conjunction | _ | 17 ἐκεκύρωτο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | Prep | _ | 6 ἔθνους | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-d--sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἔθνους | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Ne-gp | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἔθνους | nmod | high | |
| 6 | ἔθνους | ἔθνος | NOUN | N-gs | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἐκεκύρωτο | obl | high | |
| 7 | ὅντινα | ὅστις | PRON | Px---ma-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 12 αἰτιάσασθαι | obj | medium | Relative pronoun is the object of αἰτιάσασθαι; its indefinite-looking form is orthographic. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conjunction | _ | 9 ἀναίτιον | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἀναίτιον | ἀναίτιος | ADJ | A----ma-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ὅντινα | conj | medium | Predicative/secondary-predicate adjective coordinated with the relative object. |
| 10 | Καλλικράτης | Καλλικράτης | PROPN | Ne---ms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐθελήσειεν | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | ἐθελήσειεν | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-aoaa-- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ἀνάγεσθαι | acl | medium | Optative in a relative/indefinite subordinate construction; governs the following infinitive. |
| 12 | αἰτιάσασθαι | αἰτιάομαι | VERB | V-anem--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 11 ἐθελήσειεν | xcomp | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐκεκύρωτο | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἀνάγεσθαι | ἀνάγω | VERB | V-pnpm--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Inf|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 17 ἐκεκύρωτο | csubj | medium | Articular/impersonal infinitival subject of ἐκεκύρωτο; middle/passive morphology is form-ambiguous. |
| 15 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-p---ma-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 τινὰ | amod | medium | Accusative masculine singular agreeing with τινά, used substantivally with it. |
| 16 | τινὰ | τις | PRON | Pi---ma-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 14 ἀνάγεσθαι | obj | medium | Object of ἀνάγεσθαι; πᾶν τινα is an indefinite universal expression. |
| 17 | ἐκεκύρωτο | κυρόω | VERB | V-lpim--3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pluperf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Pluperfect middle/passive, conventionally rendered ‘it had been decreed’; subject is the infinitival clause. |
| 18 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | Prep | _ | 19 Ῥώμην | case | high | |
| 19 | Ῥώμην | Ῥώμη | PROPN | Ne---fa-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνάγεσθαι | obl | high | |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐκεκύρωτο | punct | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conjunction | _ | 22 ἐγένοντο | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2adp---3p | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 17 ἐκεκύρωτο | conj | high | |
| 23 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | Prep | _ | 24 χιλίους | case | high | |
| 24 | χιλίους | χίλιοι | NUM | M----ma-p | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 22 ἐγένοντο | obl | high | Accusative after ὑπέρ; substantivally ‘more than a thousand’. |
| 25 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-n--nm-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 26 ἀναχθέντες | det | high | |
| 26 | ἀναχθέντες | ἀνάγω | VERB | V-appanm-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 22 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | Substantivized aorist passive participle, ‘those brought up’. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐγένοντο | punct | high |
τούτους ὑπὸ Ἀχαιῶν οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι προκατεγνῶσθαι νομίζοντες ἔς τε Τυρσηνίαν καὶ ἐς τὰς ἐκεῖ διέπεμψαν πόλεις, καὶ Ἀχαιῶν ἄλλοτε ἄλλας ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀνδρῶν πρεσβείας τε καὶ ἱκεσίας ἐπιπεμπόντων λόγον ἐποιοῦντο οὐδένα.
The sentence has a coordinated second predicate ἐποιοῦντο and a genitive absolute (Ἀχαιῶν ... ἐπιπεμπόντων); τούτους is the object of διέπεμψαν and understood subject of the infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | PD-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 διέπεμψαν | obj | high | |
| 2 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 3 Ἀχαιῶν | case | high | |
| 3 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 προκατεγνῶσθαι | obl:agent | high | |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Ῥωμαῖοι | det | high | |
| 5 | Ῥωμαῖοι | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 διέπεμψαν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | προκατεγνῶσθαι | προκαταγιγνώσκω | VERB | V-RAN | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 7 νομίζοντες | xcomp | medium | Perfect passive infinitive; understood subject is τούτους. |
| 7 | νομίζοντες | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 διέπεμψαν | advcl | high | |
| 8 | ἔς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 10 Τυρσηνίαν | case | high | Variant spelling of εἰς. |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 10 Τυρσηνίαν | cc | high | |
| 10 | Τυρσηνίαν | Τυρσηνία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 διέπεμψαν | obl | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 15 διέπεμψαν | cc | high | |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 16 πόλεις | case | high | Variant spelling of εἰς. |
| 13 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | RA-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 πόλεις | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐκεῖ | ἐκεῖ | ADV | D | _ | 16 πόλεις | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying πόλεις. |
| 15 | διέπεμψαν | διαπέμπω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 διέπεμψαν | obj | high | |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 διέπεμψαν | punct | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 31 ἐποιοῦντο | cc | high | |
| 19 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐπιπεμπόντων | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 20 | ἄλλοτε | ἄλλοτε | ADV | D | _ | 21 ἄλλας | advmod | high | |
| 21 | ἄλλας | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 πρεσβείας | amod | high | Correlative with ἄλλοτε. |
| 22 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | P | _ | 24 ἀνδρῶν | case | high | |
| 23 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἀνδρῶν | det | high | |
| 24 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 πρεσβείας | nmod | high | |
| 25 | πρεσβείας | πρεσβεία | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 ἐπιπεμπόντων | obj | high | |
| 26 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 25 πρεσβείας | cc | high | |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 28 ἱκεσίας | cc | high | |
| 28 | ἱκεσίας | ἱκεσία | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 ἐπιπεμπόντων | conj | high | |
| 29 | ἐπιπεμπόντων | ἐπιπέμπω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 31 ἐποιοῦντο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute. |
| 30 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἐποιοῦντο | obj | high | |
| 31 | ἐποιοῦντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-IMI-3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 15 διέπεμψαν | conj | high | Coordinated predicate; subject is οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι. |
| 32 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | PD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 λόγον | det | high | Negative object-determiner with λόγον. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 διέπεμψαν | punct | high |