Grammar parses for passage 7.10.12
Open translation for this passage
ὅσοι δὲ ἀποδράντες ᾤχοντο ἢ εὐθὺς ἡνίκα ἀνήγοντο ἐς Ῥώμην ἢ ὕστερον ἐκ τῶν πόλεων ἐς ἃς ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων ἐπέμφθησαν, πρόφασις οὐδεμία ἦν τούτους ἁλόντας μὴ ὑποσχεῖν δίκην.
ὅσοι introduces a relative subject; ᾤχοντο governs the coordinated temporal clauses. The final infinitival construction (πρόφασις ... ἦν τούτους ἁλόντας μὴ ὑποσχεῖν δίκην) means there was no pretext for these men, once captured, not to undergo punishment; τούτους and ἁλόντας are accusative subjects of the infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ᾤχοντο | nsubj | high | Relative substantive subject of ᾤχοντο. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 4 ᾤχοντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀποδράντες | ἀποδιδράσκω | VERB | V-APA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ᾤχοντο | advcl | high | Aorist participle, anterior to ᾤχοντο. |
| 4 | ᾤχοντο | οἴχομαι | VERB | V-IMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Mid | 24 ἦν | csubj | medium | Imperfect middle, with ὅσοι as subject; whole relative clause functions substantivally. |
| 5 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 8 ἀνήγοντο | cc | high | Coordinates the two temporal alternatives. |
| 6 | εὐθὺς | εὐθύς | ADV | D--------- | _ | 8 ἀνήγοντο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀνήγοντο. |
| 7 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 8 ἀνήγοντο | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 8 | ἀνήγοντο | ἀνάγω | VERB | V-IMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Mid | 4 ᾤχοντο | advcl | high | Temporal clause coordinated with the later ἐπέμφθησαν clause. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 10 Ῥώμην | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 10 | Ῥώμην | Ῥώμη | PROPN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνήγοντο | obl | high | Destination. |
| 11 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 20 ἐπέμφθησαν | cc | high | Coordinates the second temporal alternative. |
| 12 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | D--------- | _ | 20 ἐπέμφθησαν | advmod | high | Adverbial ‘later’. |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R--------- | _ | 15 πόλεων | case | high | Preposition governing πόλεων. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 πόλεων | det | high | Article agreeing with πόλεων. |
| 15 | πόλεων | πόλις | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 ἐπέμφθησαν | obl | high | Source with ἐκ. |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 17 ἃς | case | high | Preposition governing the relative pronoun. |
| 17 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | P-AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 ἐπέμφθησαν | obl | high | Relative destination, antecedent πόλεων. |
| 18 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 19 Ῥωμαίων | case | high | Agent preposition with genitive. |
| 19 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἐπέμφθησαν | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive verb. |
| 20 | ἐπέμφθησαν | πέμπω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 4 ᾤχοντο | advcl | high | Passive temporal alternative, with πόλεων/ἃς location-source material. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 22 | πρόφασις | πρόφασις | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 23 | οὐδεμία | οὐδείς | DET | A-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 πρόφασις | det | high | Negative determiner modifying πρόφασις. |
| 24 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IXI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 25 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ὑποσχεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ὑποσχεῖν. |
| 26 | ἁλόντας | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V-2APA-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 25 τούτους | advcl | high | Aorist participle agreeing with τούτους, ‘having been captured’; lexical form is deponent/intransitive in sense. |
| 27 | μὴ | μή | PART | T--------- | _ | 28 ὑποσχεῖν | advmod | high | Negates the infinitive. |
| 28 | ὑποσχεῖν | ὑπέχω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 24 ἦν | ccomp | high | Infinitive complement expressing what there was no pretext for. |
| 29 | δίκην | δίκη | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ὑποσχεῖν | obj | high | Object of ὑποσχεῖν in the idiom δίκην ὑποσχεῖν. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἦν | punct | high |