Grammar parses for passage 7.10.2
Open translation for this passage
μετὰ δὲ Ἴωνας κεχειρωμένους ἠνδραποδίσαντο καὶ Ἐρέτριαν Μῆδοι,
Main verb ἠνδραποδίσαντο has delayed subject Μῆδοι and coordinated object Ἐρέτριαν; μετὰ governs the accusative Ἴωνας, with κεχειρωμένους agreeing adjectivally/participially.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 3 Ἴωνας | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative Ἴωνας. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἠνδραποδίσαντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Ἴωνας | Ἴων | NOUN | N-A-A-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἠνδραποδίσαντο | obj | high | Accusative object of ἠνδραποδίσαντο, governed by μετὰ. |
| 4 | κεχειρωμένους | χειρόω | VERB | V-RMP-AP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 3 Ἴωνας | amod | medium | Perfect passive participle agreeing with Ἴωνας; may convey prior subjugation. |
| 5 | ἠνδραποδίσαντο | ἀνδραποδίζω | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite aorist middle verb; subject follows. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 Ἐρέτριαν | cc | high | Coordinates Ἐρέτριαν with the preceding object. |
| 7 | Ἐρέτριαν | Ἐρέτρια | PROPN | N-A-A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἠνδραποδίσαντο | obj | high | Accusative object coordinated with Ἴωνας. |
| 8 | Μῆδοι | Μῆδος | PROPN | N-N-M-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἠνδραποδίσαντο | nsubj | high | Postposed nominative subject of ἠνδραποδίσαντο. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἠνδραποδίσαντο | punct | high |
προδόται δὲ ἐγένοντο οἱ εὐδοκιμοῦντες μάλιστα ἐν Ἐρετρίᾳ Φίλαγρος Κυνέου καὶ Εὔφορβος Ἀλκιμάχου.
The nominative plural προδόται is predicative with ἐγένοντο; οἱ εὐδοκιμοῦντες is the subject, with the two following personal names in apposition and patronymics in the genitive. The locative phrase ἐν Ἐρετρίᾳ modifies εὐδοκιμοῦντες; μάλιστα is its degree adverb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προδόται | προδότης | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἐγένοντο | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with ἐγένοντο. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἐγένοντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3ADI-P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Dep | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle/deponent finite predicate. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 εὐδοκιμοῦντες | det | high | |
| 5 | εὐδοκιμοῦντες | εὐδοκιμέω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | Articular participle functioning substantivally. |
| 6 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 5 εὐδοκιμοῦντες | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Ἐρετρίᾳ | case | high | |
| 8 | Ἐρετρίᾳ | Ἐρέτρια | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 εὐδοκιμοῦντες | obl | high | Locative complement of εὐδοκιμοῦντες. |
| 9 | Φίλαγρος | Φίλαγρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 εὐδοκιμοῦντες | appos | high | Personal name appositional to the substantival participle; singular apposition to a plural group. |
| 10 | Κυνέου | Κυνέος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Φίλαγρος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 Εὔφορβος | cc | high | |
| 12 | Εὔφορβος | Εὔφορβος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Φίλαγρος | conj | high | Second personal name coordinated with Φίλαγρος. |
| 13 | Ἀλκιμάχου | Ἀλκίμαχος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Εὔφορβος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐγένοντο | punct | high |
Ξέρξῃ δὲ ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα ἐλαύνοντι Θεσσαλία τε διʼ Ἀλευάδου προεδόθη, Θήβας δὲ Ἀτταγῖνος καὶ Τιμηγενίδας προδιδόασι φερόμενοι τὰ πρῶτα ἐν Θήβαις.
The dative Ξέρξῃ ἐλαύνοντι is a temporal/circumstantial dative absolute-like construction, with Θεσσαλία as subject of προεδόθη; Θήβας is the object of προδιδόασι, whose plural subject is Ἀτταγῖνος καὶ Τιμηγενίδας. φερόμενοι is circumstantial, likely meaning “being foremost/prominent” in Thebes.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ξέρξῃ | Ξέρξης | PROPN | Ne-d—— | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐλαύνοντι | obl | high | Dative participant in the temporal/circumstantial construction with ἐλαύνοντι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C—— | _ | 11 προεδόθη | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R—— | _ | 5 Ἑλλάδα | case | high | |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S——-AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Ἑλλάδα | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἑλλάδα | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | Ne-sf——-a | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐλαύνοντι | obl | high | Destination with ἐπί. |
| 6 | ἐλαύνοντι | ἐλαύνω | VERB | V—PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 προεδόθη | advcl | high | Circumstantial/temporal participle agreeing with Ξέρξῃ. |
| 7 | Θεσσαλία | Θεσσαλία | PROPN | Ne-sf——-n | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 προεδόθη | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C—— | _ | 7 Θεσσαλία | cc | high | Correlative connective linking the two clauses. |
| 9 | διʼ | διά | ADP | R—— | _ | 10 Ἀλευάδου | case | high | Elided form of διά. |
| 10 | Ἀλευάδου | Ἀλευάδης | PROPN | Ne-s—g—— | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 προεδόθη | obl | high | Agent/source with διά in the passive clause. |
| 11 | προεδόθη | προδίδωμι | VERB | V—API—3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 προεδόθη | punct | high | |
| 13 | Θήβας | Θῆβαι | PROPN | Ne-pf——-a | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 προδιδόασι | obj | high | |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C—— | _ | 18 προδιδόασι | cc | high | |
| 15 | Ἀτταγῖνος | Ἀτταγῖνος | PROPN | Ne-s—m—— | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 προδιδόασι | nsubj | high | Part of a coordinated plural subject. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C—— | _ | 17 Τιμηγενίδας | cc | high | |
| 17 | Τιμηγενίδας | Τιμηγενίδας | PROPN | Ne-s—m—— | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ἀτταγῖνος | conj | medium | Coordinated with Ἀτταγῖνος; nominative despite identical-looking accusative form. |
| 18 | προδιδόασι | προδίδωμι | VERB | V—PAI—3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 προεδόθη | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb, with Θήβας as object. |
| 19 | φερόμενοι | φέρω | VERB | V—PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 18 προδιδόασι | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle agreeing with the coordinated subject; semantic nuance of φέρομαι is context-dependent. |
| 20 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S—PN—NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 πρῶτα | det | high | |
| 21 | πρῶτα | πρῶτος | ADJ | A—PN—NPA | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 φερόμενοι | xcomp | medium | Substantivized accusative neuter plural, “the first/foremost things”; exact construction is uncertain. |
| 22 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R—— | _ | 23 Θήβαις | case | high | |
| 23 | Θήβαις | Θῆβαι | PROPN | Ne-pf——-d | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 φερόμενοι | obl | high | Locative with ἐν. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 προεδόθη | punct | high |
Πελοποννησίων δὲ καὶ Ἀθηναίων πολεμησάντων Ξενίας Ἠλεῖος ἐπεχείρησεν Ἦλιν Λακεδαιμονίοις καὶ Ἄγιδι προδοῦναι, οἵ τε Λυσάνδρου καλούμενοι ξένοι χρόνον
The genitive absolute Πελοποννησίων ... πολεμησάντων sets the temporal/background circumstance. Ξενίας is the subject of ἐπεχείρησεν, with προδοῦναι as its infinitival complement; οἵ begins a relative clause whose predicate is καλούμενοι and whose subject is ξένοι. The final χρόνον is incomplete in the supplied excerpt and is annotated provisionally.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πελοποννησίων | Πελοποννήσιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 πολεμησάντων | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-CC | _ | 5 πολεμησάντων | cc | high | Adversative/continuative connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G-CC | _ | 4 Ἀθηναίων | cc | high | Coordinates Ἀθηναίων with Πελοποννησίων. |
| 4 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 πολεμησάντων | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject coordinated with Πελοποννησίων. |
| 5 | πολεμησάντων | πολεμέω | VERB | V-AAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἐπεχείρησεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute, temporal/circumstantial. |
| 6 | Ξενίας | Ξενίας | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπεχείρησεν | nsubj | high | Personal name. |
| 7 | Ἠλεῖος | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ξενίας | appos | high | Ethnic adjective in apposition to Ξενίας. |
| 8 | ἐπεχείρησεν | ἐπιχειρέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 9 | Ἦλιν | Ἦλις | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 προδοῦναι | obj | high | Place name, direct object of προδοῦναι. |
| 10 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 προδοῦναι | iobj | high | Recipient/beneficiary of betrayal. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G-CC | _ | 12 Ἄγιδι | cc | high | Coordinates Ἄγιδι with Λακεδαιμονίοις. |
| 12 | Ἄγιδι | Ἄγις | PROPN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Λακεδαιμονίοις | conj | high | Coordinated dative recipient. |
| 13 | προδοῦναι | προδίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAP-INF | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἐπεχείρησεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἐπεχείρησεν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπεχείρησεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 18 καλούμενοι | nsubj | medium | Relative pronoun; antecedent likely ξένοι, though the supplied excerpt is incomplete. |
| 16 | τε | τε | CCONJ | G-CC | _ | 19 ξένοι | cc | medium | Postpositive connective, probably linking this clause onward. |
| 17 | Λυσάνδρου | Λύσανδρος | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 καλούμενοι | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on καλούμενοι, likely ‘called Lysander’s ...’; exact construction is context-dependent. |
| 18 | καλούμενοι | καλέω | VERB | V-PPN-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 19 ξένοι | acl:relcl | medium | Passive participial predicate of the relative clause; exact attachment is provisional. |
| 19 | ξένοι | ξένος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπεχείρησεν | parataxis | low | Likely appositional/predicate noun in the incomplete relative-clause continuation; attachment uncertain. |
| 20 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ξένοι | obl | low | Excerpt ends mid-construction; likely accusative duration, but syntactic attachment is uncertain. |