Grammar parses for passage 7.10.8
Open translation for this passage
ὁ δὲ ὡς ἐς τὸν σύλλογον ἐσῆλθεν, ἔλεγεν ὡς πολεμοῦντι πρὸς Ῥωμαίους Περσεῖ χρήματα οἱ δυνατώτατοι τῶν Ἀχαιῶν παράσχοιεν, συνάραιντο δὲ καὶ ἐς τὰ ἄλλα·
ὁ δέ is the subject of ἔλεγεν; the two ὡς clauses are temporal/introducing complements. In the reported content, πολεμοῦντι and Περσεῖ are datives dependent on χρήματα παράσχοιεν, while οἱ δυνατώτατοι is the subject of the optative; συνάραιντο is coordinated with παράσχοιεν with an understood subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ἔλεγεν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | Polarity=Pos | 9 ἔλεγεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 7 ἐσῆλθεν | mark | medium | Temporal conjunction, ‘when/as’. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 σύλλογον | case | high | |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 σύλλογον | det | high | |
| 6 | σύλλογον | σύλλογος | NOUN | N-----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐσῆλθεν | obl | high | |
| 7 | ἐσῆλθεν | εἰσέρχομαι | VERB | V3SAIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ἔλεγεν | advcl | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐσῆλθεν | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἔλεγεν | λέγω | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 20 παράσχοιεν | mark | medium | Introduces reported content; possibly attached to the whole infinitive/optative proposition. |
| 11 | πολεμοῦντι | πολεμέω | VERB | VPPADSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 χρήματα | acl | medium | Dative participle, agreeing with Περσεῖ and expressing circumstance or purpose. |
| 12 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Ῥωμαίους | case | high | |
| 13 | Ῥωμαίους | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | Ne----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 πολεμοῦντι | obl | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 14 | Περσεῖ | Περσεύς | PROPN | Ne----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 πολεμοῦντι | obl | high | Dative of the person concerned/advantaged in war. |
| 15 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | N----NAP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 παράσχοιεν | obj | high | |
| 16 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 δυνατώτατοι | det | high | |
| 17 | δυνατώτατοι | δυνατός | ADJ | A-----NPM-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 παράσχοιεν | nsubj | high | Substantivized superlative. |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | |
| 19 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Ne----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 δυνατώτατοι | nmod | high | Partitive/relational genitive with δυνατώτατοι. |
| 20 | παράσχοιεν | παρέχω | VERB | V3P-OA--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ἔλεγεν | ccomp | medium | Optative in reported assertion; exact sequence-of-tenses interpretation uncertain. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 παράσχοιεν | punct | high | |
| 22 | συνάραιντο | συναράομαι | VERB | V3P-OM--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 20 παράσχοιεν | conj | medium | Coordinated optative; middle voice and lexical parsing are somewhat uncertain. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | Polarity=Pos | 22 συνάραιντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 συνάραιντο | cc | high | |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 ἄλλα | case | high | |
| 26 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 27 ἄλλα | det | high | |
| 27 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 συνάραιντο | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘other matters’. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔλεγεν | punct | high |
ἐκέλευσεν οὖν καταγνῶναι τοὺς Ἀχαιοὺς θάνατον·
The infinitive καταγνῶναι is an infinitival complement of ἐκέλευσεν; τοὺς Ἀχαιοὺς is its accusative subject, and θάνατον is the accusative object/predicative complement of καταγνῶναι, meaning that the Achaeans were condemned to death.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκέλευσεν | κελεύω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 ἐκέλευσεν | discourse | high | Inferential connective. |
| 3 | καταγνῶναι | καταγιγνώσκω | VERB | V-2AANF | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 ἐκέλευσεν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of κελεύω. |
| 4 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T----AMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Ἀχαιοὺς | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἀχαιοὺς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N---AMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 καταγνῶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 6 | θάνατον | θάνατος | NOUN | N---AMS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 καταγνῶναι | obj | medium | Accusative complement/object; idiomatically, condemn the Achaeans to death. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐκέλευσεν | punct | high |
εἰ δὲ ἐκεῖνοι καταγνοῖεν, τότε καὶ αὐτὸς τὰ ὀνόματα ἐρεῖν ἔφασκε τῶν ἀνδρῶν.
Conditional protasis εἰ ἐκεῖνοι καταγνοῖεν governs the apodosis τότε ... ἔφασκε; ἔφασκε takes the complementary infinitive ἐρεῖν, with τὰ ὀνόματα τῶν ἀνδρῶν as its object phrase. The form καταγνοῖεν is morphologically ambiguous between optative and an unaugmented third-plural form; here it is best read as a third-plural aorist active optative in the conditional construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Int | 4 καταγνοῖεν | mark | high | Conditional conjunction introducing the protasis. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 καταγνοῖεν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | ἐκεῖνοι | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | AP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 καταγνοῖεν | nsubj | high | Demonstrative pronoun functioning as subject of καταγνοῖεν. |
| 4 | καταγνοῖεν | καταγιγνώσκω | VERB | V-AO-3P | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 ἔφασκε | advcl | medium | Read as a third-plural aorist active optative in the conditional protasis; form is orthographically potentially ambiguous. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 καταγνοῖεν | punct | high | |
| 6 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D目 | PronType=Dem | 12 ἔφασκε | advmod | high | Correlative adverb marking the apodosis. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 αὐτὸς | cc | high | Additive particle modifying the following subject phrase. |
| 8 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | PX-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 12 ἔφασκε | nsubj | high | Intensive/reflexive pronoun, subject of ἔφασκε. |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | EA-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 ὀνόματα | det | high | Article agreeing with ὀνόματα. |
| 10 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | NC-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἐρεῖν | obj | high | Accusative object of the complementary infinitive ἐρεῖν. |
| 11 | ἐρεῖν | λέγω | VERB | V-FN | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 ἔφασκε | xcomp | high | Future active infinitive complementary to ἔφασκε. |
| 12 | ἔφασκε | φημί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb, ‘he said/claimed’. |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | EA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 ἀνδρῶν | det | high | Article agreeing with ἀνδρῶν. |
| 14 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | NC-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ὀνόματα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὀνόματα, specifying whose names. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔφασκε | punct | high |