Grammar parses for passage 7.12.1
Open translation for this passage
Ὠρώπιοι δὲ καὶ ὠφελείας σφίσιν οὐ γενομένης τῆς παρὰ Ἀχαιῶν, ὅμως ὑπὸ Μεναλκίδα τὰ χρήματα ἐξεπράχθησαν·
The phrase ὠφελείας ... γενομένης is a genitive absolute, with καί coordinating it in the concessive discourse and ὅμως marking the main-clause contrast.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ὠρώπιοι | Ὠρώπιος | PROPN | A-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἐξεπράχθησαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐξεπράχθησαν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 17 ἐξεπράχθησαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 7 γενομένης | cc | medium | Coordinates the concessive genitive absolute with the preceding discourse; syntactic scope is somewhat ambiguous. |
| 4 | ὠφελείας | ὠφέλεια | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 γενομένης | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute with γενομένης. |
| 5 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3-pd-- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 4 ὠφελείας | iobj | medium | Dative of advantage/reference with ὠφελείας. |
| 6 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | -------- | Polarity=Neg | 7 γενομένης | advmod | high | Negates γενομένης. |
| 7 | γενομένης | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-papafg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 17 ἐξεπράχθησαν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute, concessive in context. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | R------fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ὠφελείας | det | high | Article with ὠφελείας. |
| 9 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Ἀχαιῶν | case | high | Takes genitive Ἀχαιῶν, expressing source. |
| 10 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Ne---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ὠφελείας | nmod | high | Source/attributive genitive dependent on ὠφελείας. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐξεπράχθησαν | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὅμως | ὅμως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 17 ἐξεπράχθησαν | advmod | high | Concessive adverb, 'nevertheless'. |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 Μεναλκίδα | case | high | Agent marker with passive verb. |
| 14 | Μεναλκίδα | Μεναλκίδας | PROPN | Ne---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἐξεπράχθησαν | obl:agent | high | Personal agent of the passive verb. |
| 15 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 χρήματα | det | high | Article with χρήματα. |
| 16 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-----na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ἐξεπράχθησαν | obj | high | Patient/object of the passive verb. |
| 17 | ἐξεπράχθησαν | ἐκπράσσω | VERB | V-papm-p- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐξεπράχθησαν | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ ὡς τὸ δωροδόκημα εἶχεν ἐν χειρί, ἐποιεῖτο συμφορὰν εἰ καὶ Καλλικράτει μεταδώσει τῶν λημμάτων.
The ὡς-clause is temporal/circumstantial (‘when he had the bribe in hand’); εἰ introduces the deliberative/complementary concern, with μεταδώσει probably future indicative or a textual variant for μεταδώσειεν, so its morphology is marked uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 εἶχεν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἐποιεῖτο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 6 εἶχεν | mark | medium | Temporal/circumstantial conjunction. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 δωροδόκημα | det | high | |
| 5 | δωροδόκημα | δωροδόκημα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 εἶχεν | obj | high | |
| 6 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 10 ἐποιεῖτο | advcl | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 χειρί | case | high | |
| 8 | χειρί | χείρ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 εἶχεν | obl | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἶχεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἐποιεῖτο | ποιέω | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle voice: ‘was making/treating it as a matter of concern’. |
| 11 | συμφορὰν | συμφορά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐποιεῖτο | obj | high | Predicate/object complement with ποιεῖσθαι. |
| 12 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 μεταδώσει | mark | medium | Introduces the feared/considered condition. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 Καλλικράτει | cc | medium | Adverbial ‘also/even’ or connective; attachment is uncertain. |
| 14 | Καλλικράτει | Καλλικράτης | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 μεταδώσει | iobj | high | Dative recipient. |
| 15 | μεταδώσει | μεταδίδωμι | VERB | V-FAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 10 ἐποιεῖτο | ccomp | low | Form is future indicative as written, but context may reflect an oblique/deliberative construction or textual issue. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 λημμάτων | det | high | |
| 17 | λημμάτων | λῆμμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 μεταδώσει | obj | high | Genitive object of μεταδίδωμι. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐποιεῖτο | punct | high |
τὰ μὲν δὴ πρῶτα ἀναβολαῖς καὶ ἀπάταις ἐχρῆτο ἐς τὴν δόσιν, μετὰ δὲ οὐ πολὺ ἐτόλμησεν ἀποστερεῖν ἐκ τοῦ εὐθέος.
The first clause has τὰ πρῶτα as an accusative adverbial expression (‘at first’) and ἀναβολαῖς καὶ ἀπάταις as instrumental means with ἐχρῆτο. In the second clause, μετὰ οὐ πολύ is adverbial (‘not long afterward’), and ἀποστερεῖν is the infinitive complement of ἐτόλμησεν; ἐκ τοῦ εὐθέος means ‘straightaway/directly’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T- ------ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 πρῶτα | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | DX | _ | 8 ἐχρῆτο | discourse | high | Correlative particle; δὲ occurs in the following clause. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | DX | _ | 8 ἐχρῆτο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | πρῶτα | πρῶτος | ADJ | A- --NA-P | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐχρῆτο | advmod | high | Substantivized/adverbial accusative, ‘at first’. |
| 5 | ἀναβολαῖς | ἀναβολή | NOUN | N- --FD-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ἐχρῆτο | obl:arg | high | Dative of means with χράομαι. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 7 ἀπάταις | cc | high | |
| 7 | ἀπάταις | ἀπάτη | NOUN | N- --FD-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἀναβολαῖς | conj | high | Coordinated with ἀναβολαῖς; dative of means. |
| 8 | ἐχρῆτο | χράομαι | VERB | V3IIMI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect middle, ‘he used/employed’. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 11 δόσιν | case | high | |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T- ----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 δόσιν | det | high | |
| 11 | δόσιν | δόσις | NOUN | N- ----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐχρῆτο | obl | high | Goal/object of the delaying tactics: ‘for the payment’. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐχρῆτο | punct | high | |
| 13 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 16 πολὺ | case | high | Here governing the accusative in an adverbial temporal phrase. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 17 ἐτόλμησεν | cc | high | Connects the second clause to the first. |
| 15 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D--------- | Polarity=Neg | 16 πολὺ | advmod | high | |
| 16 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A- ----NA-S | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἐτόλμησεν | obl | high | Accusative duration in μετὰ οὐ πολύ, ‘not long afterward’. |
| 17 | ἐτόλμησεν | τολμάω | VERB | V3SAIA---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ἐχρῆτο | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb. |
| 18 | ἀποστερεῖν | ἀποστερέω | VERB | V--PNA---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 ἐτόλμησεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after τολμάω, ‘to withhold/defraud’. |
| 19 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R--------- | _ | 21 εὐθέος | case | high | |
| 20 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T- ----NGS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 εὐθέος | det | high | |
| 21 | εὐθέος | εὐθύς | ADJ | A- ----NGS- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἀποστερεῖν | obl | medium | Substantivized adjective; phrase ἐκ τοῦ εὐθέος means ‘straightaway/directly’. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐτόλμησεν | punct | high |