Grammar parses for passage 7.12.3
Open translation for this passage
ἐνταῦθα ὡς ἀφικνεῖτο ἐς πᾶν ὁ Μεναλκίδας κινδύνου, μεταδίδωσι τάλαντα τρία τῶν ἐξ Ὠρωποῦ Μεγαλοπολίτῃ Διαίῳ.
Temporal ὡς-clause is attached to μεταδίδωσι; πᾶν κινδύνου is treated as a substantivized neuter phrase meaning ‘every/any danger,’ though its exact case/function is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D- | PronType=Dem | 3 ἀφικνεῖτο | advmod | high | |
| 2 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C- | PronType=Int | 3 ἀφικνεῖτο | mark | medium | Temporal ὡς introducing the subordinate clause. |
| 3 | ἀφικνεῖτο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V3I-3S-IIm | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 10 μεταδίδωσι | advcl | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 5 πᾶν | case | high | |
| 5 | πᾶν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-S---N-- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἀφικνεῖτο | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter phrase, ‘every/any danger’; case is formally ambiguous in isolation. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Μεναλκίδας | det | high | |
| 7 | Μεναλκίδας | Μεναλκίδας | PROPN | N-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 μεταδίδωσι | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | κινδύνου | κίνδυνος | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πᾶν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on the substantivized πᾶν, ‘of danger’. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 μεταδίδωσι | punct | high | |
| 10 | μεταδίδωσι | μεταδίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | τάλαντα | τάλαντον | NOUN | N-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 μεταδίδωσι | obj | high | |
| 12 | τρία | τρεῖς | NUM | M-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 11 τάλαντα | nummod | high | |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 Ὠρωποῦ | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R- | _ | 15 Ὠρωποῦ | case | high | |
| 15 | Ὠρωποῦ | Ὠρωπός | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 τάλαντα | nmod | high | Genitive phrase specifying the source/type of the talents. |
| 16 | Μεγαλοπολίτῃ | Μεγαλοπολίτης | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Διαίῳ | appos | medium | Appositional ethnic/name phrase with Διαίῳ. |
| 17 | Διαίῳ | Διαίος | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 μεταδίδωσι | iobj | high | |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 μεταδίδωσι | punct | high |
ἐγεγόνει δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ ἀρχῆς διάδοχος τῆς Ἀχαιῶν ὁ Δίαιος· τότε δὲ ὑπὲρ τοῦ λήμματος προθυμούμενος ἔμελλε Μεναλκίδᾳ καὶ ἀκόντων Ἀχαιῶν σωτηρίαν παρέξειν.
The first clause is a predicate-nominal construction (‘Diaeus had become his successor in the Achaean leadership’); the second has ἔμελλε + future infinitive, with a compressed coordination involving Μεναλκίδᾳ and genitive Ἀχαιῶν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐγεγόνει | γίγνομαι | VERB | V- plup ind act 3sg | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Pluperfect|Voice=Active | 6 διάδοχος | cop | high | Pluperfect of γίγνομαι, with ὁ Δίαιος as subject and διάδοχος as predicate noun. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐγεγόνει | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P- dat sg m | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular|PronType=Personal | 6 διάδοχος | iobj | medium | Dative associated with the predication, ‘for/to him’. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 διάδοχος | cc | high | Coordinates the additional predicate nominal phrase. |
| 5 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N- gen sg f | Case=Genitive|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 6 διάδοχος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on διάδοχος: successor of rule. |
| 6 | διάδοχος | διάδοχος | NOUN | N- nom sg m | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 1 ἐγεγόνει | xcomp | medium | Predicate noun/complement of ἐγεγόνει; some analyses treat it as a nominative predicate. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | ART gen pl f | Case=Genitive|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plural | 8 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N- gen pl m | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 5 ἀρχῆς | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the rule/office: of the Achaeans. |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | ART nom sg m | Case=Nominative|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 10 Δίαιος | det | high | |
| 10 | Δίαιος | Δίαιος | PROPN | N- nom sg m | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 6 διάδοχος | nsubj | high | Subject of the copular/predicative construction. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | |
| 12 | τότε | τότε | ADV | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 ἔμελλε | advmod | high | |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἔμελλε | cc | high | |
| 14 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 λήμματος | case | high | |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | ART gen sg n | Case=Genitive|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 16 λήμματος | det | high | |
| 16 | λήμματος | λῆμμα | NOUN | N- gen sg n | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 17 προθυμούμενος | obl | high | Object of ὑπέρ in the phrase ‘for the sake of the bribe/profit’. |
| 17 | προθυμούμενος | προθυμέομαι | VERB | V- pres pple mp nom sg m | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 18 ἔμελλε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with the understood subject Δίαιος. |
| 18 | ἔμελλε | μέλλω | VERB | V- impf ind act 3sg | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause; governs the infinitive παρέξειν. |
| 19 | Μεναλκίδᾳ | Μεναλκίδας | PROPN | N- dat sg m | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 24 παρέξειν | iobj | high | Dative recipient of παρέξειν. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 Ἀχαιῶν | cc | high | Coordinates Ἀχαιῶν with the preceding dative recipient. |
| 21 | ἀκόντων | ἄκων | ADJ | A- gen pl m | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 22 Ἀχαιῶν | amod | high | Adjective modifying Ἀχαιῶν: unwilling. |
| 22 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N- gen pl m | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 24 παρέξειν | obl | medium | Genitive of the unwilling Achaeans, plausibly an agent-like complement with παρέξειν; coordination with Μεναλκίδᾳ is syntactically compressed. |
| 23 | σωτηρίαν | σωτηρία | NOUN | N- acc sg f | Case=Accusative|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 24 παρέξειν | obj | high | Direct object of παρέξειν. |
| 24 | παρέξειν | παρέχω | VERB | V- fut inf act | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Future|Voice=Active | 18 ἔμελλε | xcomp | high | Future infinitive governed by ἔμελλε. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔμελλε | punct | high |
Ἀχαιοὶ δὲ ἐπὶ μὲν τῇ ἀφέσει τοῦ Μεναλκίδα ἰδίᾳ τε ἕκαστος καὶ ἐν κοινῷ Δίαιον ἐποιοῦντο ἐν αἰτίᾳ· Δίαιος δὲ σφᾶς ἀπὸ τῶν ἐς αὐτὸν ἐγκλημάτων μετῆγεν ἐς πραγμάτων ἐλπίδα μειζόνων, προφάσει χρώμενος τοιᾷδε ἐς τὴν ἀπάτην.
Two coordinated clauses: ἐποιοῦντο governs Δίαιον ἐν αἰτίᾳ; μετῆγεν takes σφᾶς as object and ἀπὸ...ἐγκλημάτων / ἐς...ἐλπίδα as source and goal. τοιᾷδε is a dative manner complement with προφάσει; ἐς τὴν ἀπάτην depends on χρώμενος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀχαιοὶ | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | A--NP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἐποιοῦντο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἐποιοῦντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 ἀφέσει | case | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 16 ἐποιοῦντο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; δέ is in the following clause. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S---DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀφέσει | det | high | |
| 6 | ἀφέσει | ἄφεσις | NOUN | N--DFS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐποιοῦντο | obl | high | Dative governed by ἐπί. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Μεναλκίδα | det | high | |
| 8 | Μεναλκίδα | Μεναλκίδας | PROPN | A--GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀφέσει | nmod | high | Genitive of the person released. |
| 9 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | A--DFS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐποιοῦντο | advmod | medium | Lexicalized adverbial dative, ‘individually’. |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἰδίᾳ | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἕκαστος | ἕκαστος | PRON | P---NMS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἰδίᾳ | nsubj | medium | Distributive subject of the implicit individual action. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 κοινῷ | cc | high | |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 κοινῷ | case | high | |
| 14 | κοινῷ | κοινός | ADJ | A---DNS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἐποιοῦντο | obl | medium | Substantivized adjective, ‘in common/publicly’. |
| 15 | Δίαιον | Δίαιος | PROPN | A---ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐποιοῦντο | obj | high | |
| 16 | ἐποιοῦντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-IIM-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle: they made/held Diaios liable. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 αἰτίᾳ | case | high | |
| 18 | αἰτίᾳ | αἰτία | NOUN | N--DFS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐποιοῦντο | obl | high | Predicate/charge complement with ἐν. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐποιοῦντο | punct | high | |
| 20 | Δίαιος | Δίαιος | PROPN | A--NMS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 μετῆγεν | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 μετῆγεν | cc | high | |
| 22 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P---A3P--- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 28 μετῆγεν | obj | high | |
| 23 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 ἐγκλημάτων | case | high | |
| 24 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S---GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 ἐγκλημάτων | det | high | |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 26 αὐτὸν | case | high | |
| 26 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P---ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἐγκλημάτων | nmod | high | ἐς αὐτόν modifies ἐγκλημάτων: accusations directed against him. |
| 27 | ἐγκλημάτων | ἔγκλημα | NOUN | N--GPN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 μετῆγεν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 28 | μετῆγεν | μετάγω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 16 ἐποιοῦντο | parataxis | high | |
| 29 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 ἐλπίδα | case | high | |
| 30 | πραγμάτων | πρᾶγμα | NOUN | N--GPN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 ἐλπίδα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐλπίδα. |
| 31 | ἐλπίδα | ἐλπίς | NOUN | N--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 μετῆγεν | obl | high | Goal complement with ἐς. |
| 32 | μειζόνων | μέγας | ADJ | A---GPN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 πραγμάτων | amod | high | Comparative adjective modifying πραγμάτων. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 χρώμενος | punct | high | |
| 34 | προφάσει | πρόφασις | NOUN | N--DFS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 χρώμενος | obl | high | Dative with χράομαι, ‘using as a pretext’. |
| 35 | χρώμενος | χράομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 28 μετῆγεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Δίαιος. |
| 36 | τοιᾷδε | τοιόσδε | DET | P---DFS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 προφάσει | det | high | Demonstrative modifying προφάσει. |
| 37 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 39 ἀπάτην | case | high | |
| 38 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---AFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 ἀπάτην | det | high | |
| 39 | ἀπάτην | ἀπάτη | NOUN | N---AFA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 χρώμενος | obl | high | Goal/object of χρώμενος: using it for deception. |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 μετῆγεν | punct | high |