Grammar parses for passage 7.13.1
Open translation for this passage
αὖθις οὖν ἐκ τῶν ἀντιλογιῶν Λακεδαιμονίοις ὥρμηντο Ἀχαιοὶ πολεμεῖν, καὶ στρατὸς ἐπὶ τὴν Σπάρτην ἠθροίζετο ὑπὸ Δαμοκρίτου στρατηγεῖν τηνικαῦτα Ἀχαιῶν ᾑρημένου.
The final genitive participial construction (Δαμοκρίτου ... ᾑρημένου) is an attendant genitive absolute referring to Damocritus, with στρατηγεῖν as its complementary infinitive; ὑπό + genitive expresses the agent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | Adverb | _ | 7 ὥρμηντο | advmod | high | |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | Postpositive particle | _ | 7 ὥρμηντο | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | Prep | _ | 5 ἀντιλογιῶν | case | high | |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Art-Gen.pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἀντιλογιῶν | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀντιλογιῶν | ἀντιλογία | NOUN | N-Gen.pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ὥρμηντο | obl | high | |
| 6 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-Dat.pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ὥρμηντο | obl | high | Dative with ὁρμάω: against/at the Lacedaemonians. |
| 7 | ὥρμηντο | ὁρμάω | VERB | V-Impf-mid-ind-3pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | Ἀχαιοὶ | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | A-Nom.pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ὥρμηντο | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | πολεμεῖν | πολεμέω | VERB | V-Pres-act-inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ὥρμηντο | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ὥρμηντο. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ὥρμηντο | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 16 ἠθροίζετο | cc | high | |
| 12 | στρατὸς | στρατός | NOUN | N-Nom.sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἠθροίζετο | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | Prep-Acc | _ | 15 Σπάρτην | case | high | |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc.sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Σπάρτην | det | high | |
| 15 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-Acc.sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἠθροίζετο | obl | high | |
| 16 | ἠθροίζετο | ἀθροίζω | VERB | V-Impf-mid-ind-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 7 ὥρμηντο | conj | high | Imperfect middle/passive, here ‘was being assembled’. |
| 17 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | Prep-Gen | _ | 18 Δαμοκρίτου | case | high | |
| 18 | Δαμοκρίτου | Δαμόκριτος | PROPN | N-Gen.sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ᾑρημένου | obl:agent | medium | Agent phrase semantically belongs with ᾑρημένου, though linearly separated. |
| 19 | στρατηγεῖν | στρατηγέω | VERB | V-Pres-act-inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 22 ᾑρημένου | xcomp | high | Complement of ᾑρημένου. |
| 20 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | Adverb | _ | 22 ᾑρημένου | advmod | high | |
| 21 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | A-Gen.pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 στρατηγεῖν | obj | high | Genitive object with στρατηγεῖν. |
| 22 | ᾑρημένου | αἱρέω | VERB | V-Perf-midpart-gen.sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 16 ἠθροίζετο | acl | high | Genitive absolute-like participle, ‘having been chosen’; subject is Δαμόκριτος. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ὥρμηντο | punct | high |
περὶ δὲ τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον τοῦτον ἀφίκετο ἐς Μακεδονίαν στρατιά τε Ῥωμαίων καὶ ἡγεμὼν ἐπʼ αὐτῇ Μέτελλος, Ἀνδρίσκῳ τῷ Περσέως τοῦ Φιλίππου πολεμήσοντες ἀφεστηκότι ἀπὸ Ῥωμαίων.
The coordinated subject στρατιά ... καὶ ἡγεμών governs ἀφίκετο; the future participle πολεμήσοντες agrees with the coordinated subject, while ἀφεστηκότι is dative agreeing with Ἀνδρίσκῳ and expresses his secession from Rome.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 5 χρόνον | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 7 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art-AccMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 χρόνον | det | high | |
| 4 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | ADJ | A-AccMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 χρόνον | amod | high | Intensive/demonstrative use in temporal phrase. |
| 5 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-AccMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Temporal accusative with περί. |
| 6 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | D-AccMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 χρόνον | det | high | |
| 7 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-Aor-Med-Ind-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Singular verb with coordinated collective/eventive subject. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 9 Μακεδονίαν | case | high | |
| 9 | Μακεδονίαν | Μακεδονία | PROPN | N-AccFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | |
| 10 | στρατιά | στρατιά | NOUN | N-NomFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | First conjunct of coordinated subject. |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 10 στρατιά | cc | high | |
| 12 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | N-GenMP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 στρατιά | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on στρατιά. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 14 ἡγεμὼν | cc | high | Coordinates ἡγεμών with στρατιά. |
| 14 | ἡγεμὼν | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N-NomMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 στρατιά | conj | high | Second conjunct of coordinated subject. |
| 15 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 16 αὐτῇ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 16 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DatFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 14 ἡγεμὼν | obl | high | Refers to στρατιά; ἐπὶ αὐτῇ means under its command. |
| 17 | Μέτελλος | Μέτελλος | PROPN | N-NomMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἡγεμὼν | appos | high | Appositional identification of ἡγεμών. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 19 | Ἀνδρίσκῳ | Ἀνδρίσκος | PROPN | N-DatMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἀφεστηκότι | obl | high | Dative with πολεμέω, the person against whom war is waged. |
| 20 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Art-DatMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Περσέως | det | high | |
| 21 | Περσέως | Περσεύς | PROPN | N-GenMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Φιλίππου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Φιλίππου: Perseus, son of Philip. |
| 22 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Art-GenMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 Φιλίππου | det | high | |
| 23 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N-GenMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Ἀνδρίσκῳ | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive phrase τῷ Περσέως τοῦ Φιλίππου. |
| 24 | πολεμήσοντες | πολεμέω | VERB | V-Fut-Act- ptcp-NomMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἀφίκετο | advcl | high | Future participle expressing purpose; agrees with coordinated subject. |
| 25 | ἀφεστηκότι | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-Perf-Act-ptcp-DatMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 Ἀνδρίσκῳ | acl | high | Perfect participle agreeing with Ἀνδρίσκῳ; ‘having revolted/seceded’. |
| 26 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 27 Ῥωμαίων | case | high | |
| 27 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | N-GenMP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἀφεστηκότι | obl | high | |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀφίκετο | punct | high |
καὶ ὁ μὲν ἐν Μακεδονίᾳ πόλεμος ἔμελλεν ὡς ῥᾷστα κατὰ τὸ ἐπιτηδειότατον Ῥωμαίοις κριθήσεσθαι·
The impersonal construction ἔμελλεν ... κριθήσεσθαι means that the war was destined/expected to be decided; κατὰ τὸ ἐπιτηδειότατον is treated as a substantivized superlative expression, while Ῥωμαίοις is a dative of advantage.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἔμελλεν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πόλεμος | det | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 7 ἔμελλεν | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart may be outside this sentence. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Μακεδονίᾳ | case | high | |
| 5 | Μακεδονίᾳ | Μακεδονία | PROPN | N--DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πόλεμος | obl | high | |
| 6 | πόλεμος | πόλεμος | NOUN | N--NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔμελλεν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | ἔμελλεν | μέλλω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | ADV | ADV | _ | 9 ῥᾷστα | advmod | high | Adverbial intensifier modifying ῥᾷστα. |
| 9 | ῥᾷστα | ῥᾴδιος | ADV | ADV-SUP | Degree=Sup | 14 κριθήσεσθαι | advmod | high | Adverbial superlative, ‘most easily’. |
| 10 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 τὸ | case | high | |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--NAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπιτηδειότατον | det | high | |
| 12 | ἐπιτηδειότατον | ἐπιτήδειος | ADJ | A--SNS | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 κριθήσεσθαι | obl | high | Substantivized neuter superlative within the κατά-phrase. |
| 13 | Ῥωμαίοις | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | A--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 κριθήσεσθαι | iobj | high | Dative of advantage/reference. |
| 14 | κριθήσεσθαι | κρίνω | VERB | V-FPN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Pass | 7 ἔμελλεν | xcomp | high | Future passive infinitive complementary to ἔμελλεν. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔμελλεν | punct | high |