Grammar parses for passage 7.14.4
Open translation for this passage
καὶ---ἔτυχον γὰρ τότε ἤδη οἱ παρὰ Ῥωμαίων ἥκοντες τὰ Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ Ἀχαιῶν δικάσαι---ἀφίκετο μὲν ἐν Τεγέᾳ τῇ Ἀρκάδων τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἐς λόγους ὁ Κριτόλαος, ἀθροῖσαι δὲ Ἀχαιούς σφισιν ἐς κοινὸν σύλλογον οὐδαμῶς ἤθελεν, ἀλλὰ ἐς μὲν ἐπήκοον τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἔπεμπεν ἀγγέλους κελεύων τοὺς συνέδρους καλεῖν ἐς τὸ Ἀχαϊκόν, ἰδίᾳ δὲ τοῖς συνέδροις ἐπέστελλεν ἐς τὰς πόλεις ἀπολείπεσθαι σφᾶς τοῦ συλλόγου.
The sentence is heavily paratactic, with a parenthetical causal clause at the start and several coordinated finite verbs under the main verb ἀφίκετο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | Connects the preceding omitted clause to the main narrative. |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καὶ | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καὶ | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καὶ | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 5 | ἔτυχον | τυγχάνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 21 ἀφίκετο | parataxis | medium | Likely part of the parenthetical causal clause, though exact attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 6 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 5 ἔτυχον | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 7 | τότε | τότε | ADV | _ | _ | 5 ἔτυχον | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | _ | _ | 5 ἔτυχον | advmod | high | Temporal/aspectual adverb. |
| 9 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 ἥκοντες | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 10 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Ῥωμαίων | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 11 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἥκοντες | obl | high | Substantival genitive with παρά. |
| 12 | ἥκοντες | ἥκω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἔτυχον | nsubj | high | Participle functioning as subject of ἔτυχον. |
| 13 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 δικάσαι | obj | high | Article with infinitive phrase. |
| 14 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 δικάσαι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the infinitival object phrase. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 Ἀχαιῶν | cc | high | Joins the two genitives. |
| 16 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 Λακεδαιμονίων | conj | high | Second coordinated genitive. |
| 17 | δικάσαι | δικάζω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ἔτυχον | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἔτυχον. |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 δικάσαι | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 δικάσαι | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 δικάσαι | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 21 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb of the sentence. |
| 22 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 21 ἀφίκετο | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 23 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 24 Τεγέᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 24 | Τεγέᾳ | Τεγέα | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Locative oblique. |
| 25 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | Article modifying Ἀρκάδων. |
| 26 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 28 ἀνδράσιν | nmod | high | Genitive of belonging/modification. |
| 27 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 ἀνδράσιν | det | high | Article with ἀνδράσιν. |
| 28 | ἀνδράσιν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Dative of addressee/association with ἐς λόγους. |
| 29 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 30 λόγους | case | high | Preposition. |
| 30 | λόγους | λόγος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Goal/purpose phrase with ἐς. |
| 31 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 Κριτόλαος | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 32 | Κριτόλαος | Κριτόλαος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφίκετο. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 34 | ἀθροῖσαι | ἀθροίζω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 42 ἤθελεν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement dependent on ἤθελεν. |
| 35 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 34 ἀθροῖσαι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 36 | Ἀχαιούς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 ἀθροῖσαι | obj | high | Object of ἀθροῖσαι. |
| 37 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 34 ἀθροῖσαι | obl | high | Dative of reference/advantage. |
| 38 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 40 σύλλογον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 39 | κοινὸν | κοινός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 40 σύλλογον | amod | high | Attributive adjective. |
| 40 | σύλλογον | σύλλογος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ἀθροῖσαι | obl | high | Goal phrase with ἐς. |
| 41 | οὐδαμῶς | οὐδαμῶς | ADV | _ | _ | 42 ἤθελεν | advmod | high | Negating adverb. |
| 42 | ἤθελεν | ἐθέλω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 21 ἀφίκετο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb with ἀφίκετο. |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 42 ἤθελεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 44 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | _ | _ | 50 ἔπεμπεν | cc | high | Adversative coordinator. |
| 45 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 47 ἐπήκοον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 46 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 47 ἐπήκοον | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 47 | ἐπήκοον | ἐπήκοος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 50 ἔπεμπεν | obl | high | Prepositional complement. |
| 48 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 49 Ῥωμαίων | det | high | Article with genitive noun. |
| 49 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 47 ἐπήκοον | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐπήκοον. |
| 50 | ἔπεμπεν | πέμπω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 21 ἀφίκετο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 51 | ἀγγέλους | ἄγγελος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 50 ἔπεμπεν | obj | high | Direct object. |
| 52 | κελεύων | κελεύω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 50 ἔπεμπεν | advcl | high | Supplementary participle modifying ἔπεμπεν. |
| 53 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 54 συνέδρους | det | high | Article with συνέδρους. |
| 54 | συνέδρους | σύνεδρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 55 καλεῖν | obj | high | Object of the infinitive καλεῖν. |
| 55 | καλεῖν | καλέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 52 κελεύων | xcomp | high | Complement of κελεύων. |
| 56 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 58 Ἀχαϊκόν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 57 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 58 Ἀχαϊκόν | det | high | Article with Ἀχαϊκόν. |
| 58 | Ἀχαϊκόν | Ἀχαϊκός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 55 καλεῖν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective referring to the Achaean assembly. |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 50 ἔπεμπεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 60 | ἰδίᾳ | ἰδίᾳ | ADV | _ | _ | 64 ἐπέστελλεν | advmod | high | Manner adverb, 'privately'. |
| 61 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 64 ἐπέστελλεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 62 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 63 συνέδροις | det | high | Article with συνέδροις. |
| 63 | συνέδροις | σύνεδρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 64 ἐπέστελλεν | iobj | high | Indirect object of ἐπέστελλεν. |
| 64 | ἐπέστελλεν | ἐπιστέλλω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 21 ἀφίκετο | conj | high | Final coordinated finite verb. |
| 65 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 67 πόλεις | case | high | Preposition. |
| 66 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 67 πόλεις | det | high | Article with πόλεις. |
| 67 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 68 ἀπολείπεσθαι | obl | high | Goal of infinitive with ἐς. |
| 68 | ἀπολείπεσθαι | ἀπολείπω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 64 ἐπέστελλεν | xcomp | high | Complement of ἐπέστελλεν. |
| 69 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 68 ἀπολείπεσθαι | obj | high | Object of ἀπολείπεσθαι. |
| 70 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 71 συλλόγου | det | high | Article with συλλόγου. |
| 71 | συλλόγου | σύλλογος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 68 ἀπολείπεσθαι | obl | high | Genitive complement, likely source/origin with ἀπολείπεσθαι. |
| 72 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |