Grammar parses for passage 7.14.5
Open translation for this passage
ὡς δὲ οὐκ ἀφίκοντο οἱ συνεδρεύσοντες, ἐνταῦθα ὁ Κριτόλαος μάλιστα ἐπεδείκνυτο ἀπάτῃ πρὸς Ῥωμαίους χρώμενος.
ὡς introduces a causal temporal clause (‘when/since they did not arrive’); οἱ συνεδρεύσοντες is the article plus future active participle functioning substantivally as the subject of ἀφίκοντο. In the main clause, ἀπάτῃ is instrumental with χρώμενος, and πρὸς Ῥωμαίους marks the object of the deception/hostile orientation; the exact nuance of ἐπεδείκνυτο is somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἀφίκοντο | mark | high | Subordinator introducing the subordinate clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἀφίκοντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 ἀφίκοντο | advmod | high | Negates ἀφίκοντο. |
| 4 | ἀφίκοντο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-2A-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 12 ἐπεδείκνυτο | advcl | high | Aorist middle indicative, predicate of the ὡς-clause. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 συνεδρεύσοντες | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 6 | συνεδρεύσοντες | συνεδρεύω | VERB | T-PAI-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἀφίκοντο | nsubj | high | Future active participle used substantivally: ‘those who were to attend/counsel’. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 4 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 12 ἐπεδείκνυτο | advmod | high | Locative/discourse adverb, ‘then/thereupon’. |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Κριτόλαος | det | high | Article with Κριτόλαος. |
| 10 | Κριτόλαος | Κριτόλαος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπεδείκνυτο | nsubj | high | Proper-name subject of ἐπεδείκνυτο. |
| 11 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV | Degree=Sup | 12 ἐπεδείκνυτο | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying ἐπεδείκνυτο. |
| 12 | ἐπεδείκνυτο | ἐπιδείκνυμι | VERB | V-1AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Imperfect middle; rendered syntactically as the main predicate, with nuance possibly ‘displayed/showed himself’. |
| 13 | ἀπάτῃ | ἀπάτη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 χρώμενος | obl | high | Dative of means/instrument with χρώμενος. |
| 14 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 Ῥωμαίους | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 15 | Ῥωμαίους | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 χρώμενος | obl | high | Accusative object of πρὸς; plural ethnic name, ‘Romans’. |
| 16 | χρώμενος | χράομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 ἐπεδείκνυτο | advcl | medium | Present middle participle agreeing with Κριτόλαος; instrumental construction with ἀπάτῃ. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 12 ἐπεδείκνυτο | punct | high |
ὃς ἄλλην ἐκέλευεν ἀναμένειν αὐτοὺς Ἀχαιῶν σύνοδον, ἐς μῆνα ἐσομένην ἕκτον· αὐτὸς δὲ οὐδὲν ἰδίᾳ διαλέξεσθαί σφισιν ἄνευ τοῦ κοινοῦ τοῦ Ἀχαιῶν ἔφασκε.
The first clause has ὃς as subject of ἐκέλευεν and an accusative-and-infinitive construction; ἐσομένην is a future participial modifier of σύνοδον. The second clause coordinates an infinitive under ἔφασκε.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | r-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐκέλευεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | ἄλλην | ἄλλος | ADJ | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 σύνοδον | amod | high | Substantivized/elliptical adjective modifying σύνοδον. |
| 3 | ἐκέλευεν | κελεύω | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 25 ἔφασκε | ccomp | high | |
| 4 | ἀναμένειν | ἀναμένω | VERB | v--pan--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἐκέλευεν | xcomp | high | |
| 5 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | p---ma--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 4 ἀναμένειν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 6 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | ne---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 σύνοδον | nmod | high | |
| 7 | σύνοδον | σύνοδος | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἀναμένειν | obj | high | Object of ἀναμένειν. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 σύνοδον | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 10 μῆνα | case | high | |
| 10 | μῆνα | μήν | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐσομένην | obl | medium | Temporal/directional phrase with ἐσομένην. |
| 11 | ἐσομένην | εἰμί | VERB | v-sfpafa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 7 σύνοδον | acl | medium | Future participle agreeing with σύνοδον; ἐς μῆνα gives its temporal specification. |
| 12 | ἕκτον | ἕκτος | ADJ | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NumType=Ord|Number=Sing | 10 μῆνα | amod | high | |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἔφασκε | punct | high | |
| 14 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 25 ἔφασκε | nsubj | high | Intensive pronoun, ‘he himself’. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 25 ἔφασκε | cc | high | |
| 16 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | p-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 18 διαλέξεσθαί | obj | high | Substantival neuter, ‘nothing’. |
| 17 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | a-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 διαλέξεσθαί | advmod | medium | Adverbial dative, ‘privately/separately’. |
| 18 | διαλέξεσθαί | διαλέγω | VERB | v--fmn--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 25 ἔφασκε | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἔφασκε. |
| 19 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | p---md--- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 18 διαλέξεσθαί | iobj | high | Dative with διαλέγεσθαι. |
| 20 | ἄνευ | ἄνευ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 21 τοῦ | case | high | |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 κοινοῦ | det | high | |
| 22 | κοινοῦ | κοινός | ADJ | a-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 διαλέξεσθαί | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, object of ἄνευ. |
| 23 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | |
| 24 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | ne---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 κοινοῦ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on substantivized κοινοῦ. |
| 25 | ἔφασκε | φημί | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἔφασκε | punct | high |
καὶ οἱ μὲν ἐπεὶ ἀπατώμενοι συνῆκαν, ἀπηλλάσσοντο ἐς Ῥώμην.
The participle ἀπατώμενοι is a circumstantial middle/passive participle with οἱ, and ἐπεὶ introduces the temporal clause; συνῆκαν is aorist active indicative, with ἀπηλλάσσοντο as the main verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 ἀπηλλάσσοντο | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀπατώμενοι | det | high | Article substantivizes/agrees with the participle. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἀπηλλάσσοντο | discourse | high | Correlative particle; corresponding δέ is absent in this sentence. |
| 4 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | _ | _ | 6 συνῆκαν | mark | high | Temporal/subordinating conjunction. |
| 5 | ἀπατώμενοι | ἀπατάω | VERB | V-PPMNPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 συνῆκαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, agreeing with substantivized οἱ; middle/passive form. |
| 6 | συνῆκαν | συνίημι | VERB | V-2AAI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἀπηλλάσσοντο | advcl | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀπηλλάσσοντο | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἀπηλλάσσοντο | ἀπαλλάσσω | VERB | V-IAI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 10 Ῥώμην | case | high | |
| 10 | Ῥώμην | Ῥώμη | PROPN | N-AS---F- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀπηλλάσσοντο | obl | high | |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀπηλλάσσοντο | punct | high |
Κριτόλαος δὲ ἐς Κόρινθον Ἀχαιοὺς ἀθροίσας ἀνέπεισε μὲν ἐπιφέρειν ὅπλα ἐπὶ τὴν Σπάρτην, ἀνέπεισε δὲ καὶ Ῥωμαίοις ἐκ τοῦ εὐθέος πόλεμον ἄρασθαι.
Two coordinated ἀνέπεισε clauses form the μέν...δέ structure; ἐκ τοῦ εὐθέος is an adverbial phrase modifying the second infinitive ἄρασθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κριτόλαος | Κριτόλαος | PROPN | Neut-Nom-Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνέπεισε | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἀνέπεισε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Κόρινθον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | Κόρινθον | Κόρινθος | PROPN | Fem-Acc-Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀθροίσας | obl | high | Destination of ἀθροίσας. |
| 5 | Ἀχαιοὺς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Masc-Acc-Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀθροίσας | obj | high | Object of ἀθροίσας. |
| 6 | ἀθροίσας | ἀθροίζω | VERB | AAPart-Nom-Masc-Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἀνέπεισε | advcl | high | Aorist circumstantial participle. |
| 7 | ἀνέπεισε | ἀναπείθω | VERB | V3I-Aor-Act-Ind-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First coordinated main predicate. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 7 ἀνέπεισε | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later δέ. |
| 9 | ἐπιφέρειν | ἐπιφέρω | VERB | V-Pres-Act-Inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 7 ἀνέπεισε | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἀνέπεισε. |
| 10 | ὅπλα | ὅπλον | NOUN | Neut-Acc-Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐπιφέρειν | obj | high | |
| 11 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Σπάρτην | case | high | |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc-Fem-Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Σπάρτην | det | high | |
| 13 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | Fem-Acc-Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐπιφέρειν | obl | high | Goal of ἐπιφέρειν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀνέπεισε | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἀνέπεισε | ἀναπείθω | VERB | V3I-Aor-Act-Ind-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἀνέπεισε | conj | high | Second μέν...δέ coordinated main predicate. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἀνέπεισε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 Ῥωμαίοις | cc | high | Coordinates Ῥωμαίοις with the preceding implied addressee/group. |
| 18 | Ῥωμαίοις | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | Masc-Dat-Pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἀνέπεισε | obl | high | Dative with ἀναπείθω: persuaded the Romans. |
| 19 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 πόλεμον | case | high | |
| 20 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Art-Gen-Neut-Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 εὐθέος | det | high | |
| 21 | εὐθέος | εὐθύς | ADJ | Adj-Gen-Neut-Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 πόλεμον | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘immediately/straightaway’. |
| 22 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | Masc-Acc-Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἄρασθαι | obj | high | Object of ἄρασθαι. |
| 23 | ἄρασθαι | αἴρω | VERB | AMInf-Med | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 15 ἀνέπεισε | xcomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive, ‘to take up/undertake war’. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀνέπεισε | punct | high |