Grammar parses for passage 7.14.6
Open translation for this passage
τὸ μὲν δὴ ἄνδρα βασιλέα καὶ πόλιν ἀνελέσθαι πόλεμον καὶ μὴ εὐτυχῆσαι συνέβη φθόνῳ μᾶλλον ἔκ του δαιμόνων ἢ τοῖς πολεμήσασι ποιεῖ τὸ ἔγκλημα·
The final clause with ποιεῖ appears explanatory or parenthetical, contrasting φθόνῳ/ἐκ δαιμόνων with τοῖς πολεμήσασι; the exact attachment of this comparison is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνελέσθαι | det | high | Article with substantivized infinitive phrase. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 συνέβη | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 συνέβη | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνελέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject/object component of the infinitival construction. |
| 5 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἄνδρα | appos | high | Apposition to ἄνδρα. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 πόλιν | cc | high | Coordinates πόλιν with ἄνδρα. |
| 7 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνελέσθαι | obj | high | Second accusative participant of the infinitive. |
| 8 | ἀνελέσθαι | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-ANM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 12 εὐτυχῆσαι | xcomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive, coordinated semantically with εὐτυχῆσαι. |
| 9 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνελέσθαι | obj | medium | Accusative object of ἀνελέσθαι; idiomatically undertaking or waging war. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 εὐτυχῆσαι | cc | high | Coordinates the infinitives. |
| 11 | μὴ | μή | PART | G-------- | _ | 12 εὐτυχῆσαι | advmod | high | Negative particle with infinitive. |
| 12 | εὐτυχῆσαι | εὐτυχέω | VERB | V-ANM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 συνέβη | csubj | medium | Infinitival clause functioning as subject of συνέβη, with ἀνελέσθαι coordinated inside it. |
| 13 | συνέβη | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-2AAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 14 | φθόνῳ | φθόνος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ποιεῖ | obl | medium | Dative of cause or instrument with ποιεῖ. |
| 15 | μᾶλλον | μᾶλλον | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 14 φθόνῳ | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying the causal phrase. |
| 16 | ἔκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 δαιμόνων | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 17 | του | τις | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 18 δαιμόνων | det | high | Indefinite genitive determiner. |
| 18 | δαιμόνων | δαίμων | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 φθόνῳ | obl | medium | Genitive complement after ἔκ, source/agency; gender may be contextually variable. |
| 19 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ποιεῖ | cc | medium | Introduces an alternative comparison or source phrase. |
| 20 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 πολεμήσασι | det | high | Article with substantivized participle. |
| 21 | πολεμήσασι | πολεμέω | VERB | V-APM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ποιεῖ | obl | medium | Substantivized dative participle, probably referring to those who fought. |
| 22 | ποιεῖ | ποιέω | VERB | V-PAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 συνέβη | parataxis | medium | Finite explanatory or parenthetical verb; exact attachment and construction are difficult. |
| 23 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἔγκλημα | det | high | Article with abstract noun. |
| 24 | ἔγκλημα | ἔγκλημα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ποιεῖ | obj | high | Object of ποιεῖ. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 συνέβη | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
θρασύτης δὲ ἡ μετὰ ἀσθενείας μανία ἂν μᾶλλον ἢ ἀτυχία καλοῖτο.
Nominal predicate construction: θρασύτης is equated with ἡ μετὰ ἀσθενείας μανία; καλοῖτο is an optative in an apodotic/conditional potential sense with ἄν, ‘would rather be called’. The comparative phrase μᾶλλον ἢ ἀτυχία contrasts the preferred designation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θρασύτης | θρασύτης | NOUN | n-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καλοῖτο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 1 θρασύτης | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | l-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μανία | det | high | |
| 4 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 5 ἀσθενείας | case | high | |
| 5 | ἀσθενείας | ἀσθένεια | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μανία | nmod | high | Genitive governed by μετά. |
| 6 | μανία | μανία | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καλοῖτο | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative/content of καλοῖτο; alternatively analyzed as a second nominative predicate. |
| 7 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | x-------- | _ | 11 καλοῖτο | aux | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 8 | μᾶλλον | μάλα | ADV | d-------- | Degree=Cmp | 11 καλοῖτο | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 10 ἀτυχία | cc | high | Introduces the comparative alternative. |
| 10 | ἀτυχία | ἀτυχία | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καλοῖτο | obl | medium | Comparative alternative after μᾶλλον ἢ; case is nominative by ellipsis/parallel predication. |
| 11 | καλοῖτο | καλέω | VERB | v3spoa--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Potential optative with ἄν; middle form, ‘would be called’. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 καλοῖτο | punct | high |
ὃ δὴ καὶ Κριτόλαον καὶ Ἀχαιοὺς ἔβλαψε.
The relative pronoun ὃ is the neuter singular subject of ἔβλαψε; Κριτόλαον and Ἀχαιοὺς are coordinated accusative objects.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | P-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 7 ἔβλαψε | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun, neuter singular nominative; antecedent understood from context. |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | _ | 7 ἔβλαψε | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 4 Κριτόλαον | cc | high | Coordinates the first object with Ἀχαιοὺς. |
| 4 | Κριτόλαον | Κριτόλαος | PROPN | Nb----ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔβλαψε | obj | high | Personal name in the accusative as a direct object. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 6 Ἀχαιοὺς | cc | high | Coordinates Ἀχαιοὺς with Κριτόλαον. |
| 6 | Ἀχαιοὺς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Nb----ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Κριτόλαον | conj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally; coordinated accusative object. |
| 7 | ἔβλαψε | βλάπτω | VERB | V3saaia- | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist active indicative, third singular. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔβλαψε | punct | high |
παρώξυνε δὲ καὶ Ἀχαιοὺς Πυθέας βοιωταρχῶν τηνικαῦτα ἐν Θήβαις, καὶ οἱ Θηβαῖοι συνεπιλήψεσθαι προθύμως ἐπηγγέλλοντο τοῦ πολέμου·
The first clause has Πυθέας as the nominative subject of παρώξυνε and Ἀχαιούς as its accusative object; βοιωταρχῶν is a genitive plural participle agreeing with Πυθέας. In the second clause, Θηβαῖοι is subject and συνεπιλήψεσθαι is an infinitival complement of ἐπηγγέλλοντο, with τοῦ πολέμου dependent on the compound verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρώξυνε | παροξύνω | VERB | V-3IAI-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 παρώξυνε | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 Ἀχαιοὺς | cc | high | Coordinates the accusative object. |
| 4 | Ἀχαιοὺς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | NPM---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 παρώξυνε | obj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 5 | Πυθέας | Πυθέας | PROPN | NP----NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 παρώξυνε | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | βοιωταρχῶν | βοιωταρχέω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 Πυθέας | acl | medium | Genitive participle agreeing with Πυθέας; temporal/circumstantial force. |
| 7 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 βοιωταρχῶν | advmod | high | |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Θήβαις | case | high | |
| 9 | Θήβαις | Θῆβαι | PROPN | NPF---DF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 βοιωταρχῶν | obl | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 παρώξυνε | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἐπηγγέλλοντο | cc | high | Coordinates the two finite clauses. |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | LPM---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Θηβαῖοι | det | high | |
| 13 | Θηβαῖοι | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | NPM---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἐπηγγέλλοντο | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 14 | συνεπιλήψεσθαι | συνεπιλαμβάνομαι | VERB | V-FMN--P-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 16 ἐπηγγέλλοντο | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἐπηγγέλλοντο. |
| 15 | προθύμως | προθύμως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 συνεπιλήψεσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ἐπηγγέλλοντο | ἐπαγγέλλω | VERB | V-3IMI-P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 1 παρώξυνε | conj | high | |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | LPM---GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 18 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | NMS---GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 συνεπιλήψεσθαι | obl | high | Genitive complement of συνεπιλήψεσθαι. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 παρώξυνε | punct | high |