Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 7.16.10

← 7.16.9 7.17.1 →

Passage 7.16.10

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed

91Greek tokens

3,243input tokens

6,690output tokens

Sentence 1

7.16.10 sentence 1

Tokens: 36
Input: 949
Output: 2,447
Total: 3,396

ἔτεσι δὲ οὐ πολλοῖς ὕστερον ἐτράποντο ἐς ἔλεον Ῥωμαῖοι τῆς Ἑλλάδος, καὶ συνέδριά τε κατὰ ἔθνος ἀποδιδόασιν ἑκάστοις τὰ ἀρχαῖα καὶ τὸ ἐν τῇ ὑπερορίᾳ κτᾶσθαι, ἀφῆκαν δὲ καὶ ὅσοις ἐπιβεβλήκει Μόμμιος ζημίαν·

The sentence has two coordinated finite clauses: Ῥωμαῖοι ἐτράποντο ... and (they) ἀποδιδόασιν ... / ἀφῆκαν ... . The infinitive κτᾶσθαι is substantivized under τὸ and coordinated with τὰ ἀρχαῖα as an object of ἀποδιδόασιν; ὅσοις is dative with ἐπιβεβλήκει, whose subject is Μόμμιος and object ζημίαν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἔτεσι	ἔτος	NOUN	N-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	5 ὕστερον	obl	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	6 ἐτράποντο	cc	high
3	οὐ	οὐ	PART	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 ἐτράποντο	advmod	high
4	πολλοῖς	πολύς	ADJ	A-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	1 ἔτεσι	amod	high
5	ὕστερον	ὕστερος	ADV	ADV	_	6 ἐτράποντο	advmod	high
6	ἐτράποντο	τρέπω	VERB	V-AIM-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Middle is lexical in the sense ‘turned to’.
7	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	8 ἔλεον	case	high
8	ἔλεον	ἔλεος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἐτράποντο	obl	high
9	Ῥωμαῖοι	Ῥωμαῖος	PROPN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 ἐτράποντο	nsubj	high
10	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 Ἑλλάδος	det	high
11	Ἑλλάδος	Ἑλλάς	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 ἔλεον	nmod	high
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐτράποντο	punct	high
13	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	18 ἀποδιδόασιν	cc	high
14	συνέδριά	συνέδριον	NOUN	N-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 ἀποδιδόασιν	nsubj	high
15	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	18 ἀποδιδόασιν	cc	high
16	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	PREP	_	17 ἔθνος	case	high
17	ἔθνος	ἔθνος	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	18 ἀποδιδόασιν	obl	high
18	ἀποδιδόασιν	ἀποδίδωμι	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	6 ἐτράποντο	conj	high	Subject Ῥωμαῖοι is understood from the preceding clause.
19	ἑκάστοις	ἕκαστος	PRON	A-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	18 ἀποδιδόασιν	iobj	high
20	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	21 ἀρχαῖα	det	high
21	ἀρχαῖα	ἀρχαῖος	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 ἀποδιδόασιν	obj	high	Substantivized adjective.
22	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	27 κτᾶσθαι	cc	high	Coordinates the second substantivized object.
23	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	27 κτᾶσθαι	det	high
24	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	26 ὑπερορίᾳ	case	high
25	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	26 ὑπερορίᾳ	det	high
26	ὑπερορίᾳ	ὑπερορία	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 κτᾶσθαι	obl	high
27	κτᾶσθαι	κτάομαι	VERB	V-PMN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	18 ἀποδιδόασιν	obj	medium	Articular infinitive, coordinated semantically with τὰ ἀρχαῖα.
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	18 ἀποδιδόασιν	punct	high
29	ἀφῆκαν	ἀφίημι	VERB	V-AAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	6 ἐτράποντο	conj	high	Further coordinated finite verb with understood subject Ῥωμαῖοι.
30	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	29 ἀφῆκαν	cc	high
31	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	32 ὅσοις	cc	high	Also has additive scope over the relative clause.
32	ὅσοις	ὅσος	PRON	R-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	33 ἐπιβεβλήκει	iobj	high	Dative complement of ἐπιβεβλήκει.
33	ἐπιβεβλήκει	ἐπιβάλλω	VERB	V-RAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Plup\|Voice=Act	29 ἀφῆκαν	acl:relcl	high
34	Μόμμιος	Μόμμιος	PROPN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	33 ἐπιβεβλήκει	nsubj	high
35	ζημίαν	ζημία	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	33 ἐπιβεβλήκει	obj	high
36	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	29 ἀφῆκαν	punct	high

Sentence 2

7.16.10 sentence 2

Tokens: 15
Input: 739
Output: 1,240
Total: 1,979

Βοιωτούς τε γὰρ Ἡρακλεώταις καὶ Εὐβοεῦσι τάλαντα ἑκατὸν καὶ Ἀχαιοὺς Λακεδαιμονίοις διακόσια ἐκέλευσεν ἐκτῖσαι.

The object clauses are coordinated: Βοιωτούς and Ἀχαιούς are accusative persons commanded to pay, with datives marking creditors/recipients; τάλαντα ἑκατόν and διακόσια are coordinated accusative amounts governed by ἐκτῖσαι. The first amount is separated from its object by the dative phrase.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Βοιωτούς	Βοιωτός	PROPN	N-A-P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ἐκέλευσεν	obj	high	Accusative plural ethnonym, object of ἐκέλευσεν through the infinitive construction.
2	τε	τε	CCONJ	C-----	_	1 Βοιωτούς	cc	high	Correlative coordinating particle, pairing the first object with Ἀχαιούς.
3	γὰρ	γάρ	CCONJ	C-----	_	13 ἐκέλευσεν	cc	high	Postpositive explanatory conjunction.
4	Ἡρακλεώταις	Ἡρακλεώτης	PROPN	N-D-P	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 ἐκτῖσαι	iobj	medium	Dative plural ethnonym, recipient/creditor associated with the first payment.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-----	_	4 Ἡρακλεώταις	cc	high	Coordinates the two dative creditor phrases.
6	Εὐβοεῦσι	Εὐβοεύς	PROPN	N-D-P	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 Ἡρακλεώταις	conj	high	Second coordinated dative ethnonym.
7	τάλαντα	τάλαντον	NOUN	N-A-P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 ἐκτῖσαι	obj	high	Accusative plural neuter monetary noun, object of ἐκτῖσαι.
8	ἑκατὸν	ἑκατόν	NUM	M---A-N	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 τάλαντα	nummod	high	Numeral modifying τάλαντα; indeclinable in form here.
9	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-----	_	12 διακόσια	cc	high	Coordinates the two payment amounts.
10	Ἀχαιοὺς	Ἀχαιός	PROPN	N-A-P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ἐκέλευσεν	obj	high	Accusative plural ethnonym, coordinated with Βοιωτούς.
11	Λακεδαιμονίοις	Λακεδαιμόνιος	PROPN	N-D-P	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 Ἀχαιοὺς	iobj	medium	Dative plural ethnonym, recipient/creditor associated with the second payment.
12	διακόσια	διακόσιοι	NUM	M---A-P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 ἐκτῖσαι	conj	high	Neuter accusative plural numeral substantivally expressing the second amount, coordinated with τάλαντα.
13	ἐκέλευσεν	κελεύω	VERB	V-3-A-A-I	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Finite main verb.
14	ἐκτῖσαι	ἐκτίνω	VERB	V-A-A-I	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	13 ἐκέλευσεν	xcomp	high	Aorist active infinitive complement of ἐκέλευσεν, with accusative persons as understood subject and amounts as objects.
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐκέλευσεν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 3

7.16.10 sentence 3

Tokens: 17
Input: 739
Output: 1,249
Total: 1,988

τούτων μὲν δὴ ἄφεσιν παρὰ Ῥωμαίων εὕροντο Ἕλληνες, ἡγεμὼν δὲ ἔτι καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἀπεστέλλετο·

The first clause has Ἕλληνες as subject and εὕροντο as an ingressive aorist middle verb taking ἄφεσιν as object; ἡγεμών is the subject of the coordinated imperfect passive ἀπεστέλλετο, with ἐς ἐμέ as goal. The exact referent of ἡγεμών is context-dependent.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τούτων	οὗτος	PRON	RD-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	4 ἄφεσιν	nmod	high
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	Df	_	7 εὕροντο	discourse	high	Correlative μέν; paired contrastively with δέ.
3	δὴ	δή	PART	Df	_	7 εὕροντο	discourse	high
4	ἄφεσιν	ἄφεσις	NOUN	N-S-A	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 εὕροντο	obj	high
5	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	P	_	6 Ῥωμαίων	case	high	With genitive: source/authority.
6	Ῥωμαίων	Ῥωμαῖος	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 ἄφεσιν	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on ἄφεσιν, with παρὰ indicating the granting authority.
7	εὕροντο	εὑρίσκω	VERB	V-3PAMI-A	Aspect=Perfective\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Middle aorist, 'obtained/found for themselves'.
8	Ἕλληνες	Ἕλλην	PROPN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 εὕροντο	nsubj	high
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 εὕροντο	punct	high
10	ἡγεμὼν	ἡγεμών	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 ἀπεστέλλετο	nsubj:pass	medium	Subject of ἀπεστέλλετο; referent may be contextually supplied.
11	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	16 ἀπεστέλλετο	cc	high	Coordinates the second clause with the first.
12	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D	_	16 ἀπεστέλλετο	advmod	high
13	καὶ	καί	ADV	D	_	12 ἔτι	advmod	medium	Scalar/additive 'even/still'; attachment to ἔτι is plausible.
14	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	15 ἐμὲ	case	high	Variant form of εἰς.
15	ἐμὲ	ἐγώ	PRON	RP-1S-A	Case=Acc\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	16 ἀπεστέλλετο	obl	high	Goal/directional complement of the passive verb.
16	ἀπεστέλλετο	ἀποστέλλω	VERB	V-3SSI-I	Aspect=Imperfective\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Pass	7 εὕροντο	conj	high	Imperfect passive, coordinated by δέ.
17	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	7 εὕροντο	punct	high

Sentence 5

7.16.10 sentence 5

Tokens: 23
Input: 816
Output: 1,754
Total: 2,570

ὁ δὲ πόλεμος ἔσχεν οὗτος τέλος Ἀντιθέου μὲν Ἀθήνῃσιν ἄρχοντος, Ὀλυμπιάδι δὲ ἑξηκοστῇ πρὸς ταῖς ἑκατόν, ἣν ἐνίκα Διόδωρος Σικυώνιος.

Main clause: πόλεμος ἔσχεν τέλος, with οὗτος as a postposed demonstrative modifier. The genitive absolute Ἀντιθέου ἄρχοντος dates the event; Ἀθήνῃσιν is locative. Ὀλυμπιάδι ... πρὸς ταῖς ἑκατόν is a temporal dative phrase, and ἣν is the object of ἐνίκα, referring to the Olympiad.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 πόλεμος	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	4 ἔσχεν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	πόλεμος	πόλεμος	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἔσχεν	nsubj	high
4	ἔσχεν	ἔχω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Aorist active indicative.
5	οὗτος	οὗτος	DET	D-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 πόλεμος	det	medium	Postposed demonstrative agreeing with πόλεμος; analyzable as an adjectival modifier.
6	τέλος	τέλος	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 ἔσχεν	obj	high	Predicate/resultative accusative with ἔσχεν.
7	Ἀντιθέου	Ἀντίθεος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ἄρχοντος	nsubj	high	Genitive absolute subject.
8	μὲν	μέν	PART	CONJ	_	7 Ἀντιθέου	discourse	high	Correlative particle, with δὲ at token 13.
9	Ἀθήνῃσιν	Ἀθῆναι	PROPN	N-DPF	Case=Loc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	10 ἄρχοντος	obl	medium	Ionic/dialectal locative plural form.
10	ἄρχοντος	ἄρχω	VERB	V-PAP-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	4 ἔσχεν	advcl	high	Genitive absolute predicate.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 ἄρχοντος	punct	high
12	Ὀλυμπιάδι	Ὀλυμπιάς	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ἐνίκα	obl	medium	Temporal dative; syntactically attached to the dating/event clause.
13	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	12 Ὀλυμπιάδι	cc	high	Correlative counterpart to μέν.
14	ἑξηκοστῇ	ἑξηκοστός	ADJ	A-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 Ὀλυμπιάδι	amod	high
15	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	R-	_	17 ἑκατόν	case	high	With dative, additive phrase 'in addition to'.
16	ταῖς	ὁ	DET	T-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	17 ἑκατόν	det	high
17	ἑκατόν	ἑκατόν	NUM	M-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	12 Ὀλυμπιάδι	nummod	medium	Substantivized numeral, agreeing in the phrase πρὸς ταῖς ἑκατόν; exact traditional numeral analysis is somewhat irregular.
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	12 Ὀλυμπιάδι	punct	high
19	ἣν	ὅς	PRON	P-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ἐνίκα	obj	high	Relative pronoun referring to Ὀλυμπιάδι.
20	ἐνίκα	νικάω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	12 Ὀλυμπιάδι	acl:relcl	high	Relative-clause predicate; subject follows.
21	Διόδωρος	Διόδωρος	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 ἐνίκα	nsubj	high
22	Σικυώνιος	Σικυώνιος	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 Διόδωρος	flat	high	Ethnic name in apposition/name sequence with Διόδωρος.
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἔσχεν	punct	high

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