Grammar parses for passage 7.16.4
Open translation for this passage
εἰ δὲ ἐτόλμησεν ἐσδραμεῖν μετὰ τὴν μάχην Δίαιος ἐς Κόρινθον καὶ ὑποδέξασθαι τῷ τείχει τοὺς διαπίπτοντας ἐκ τῆς φυγῆς, κἂν εὕρασθαί τι παρὰ Μομμίου οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ φιλάνθρωπον ἐδυνήθησαν, ἐς πολιορκίαν καὶ τριβὴν πολέμου καταστάντες·
Complex conditional sentence with coordinated infinitival complements in the protasis and a main apodosis marked by ἐδυνήθησαν; the final participial phrase is circumstantial.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἐτόλμησεν | mark | high | Conditional particle introducing the protasis. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἐτόλμησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐτόλμησεν | τολμάω | VERB | V-3AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 29 ἐδυνήθησαν | advcl | high | Protasis verb dependent on the main apodosis. |
| 4 | ἐσδραμεῖν | ἐσδραμέω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ἐτόλμησεν | xcomp | medium | Complementary infinitive; lemma uncertain but form likely from ἐσδραμεῖν/ἐσδραμέω. |
| 5 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | _ | _ | 7 μάχην | case | high | Takes accusative here. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 μάχην | det | high | Article modifying μάχην. |
| 7 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐτόλμησεν | obl | high | Temporal/locative phrase with μετά. |
| 8 | Δίαιος | Δίαιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐτόλμησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐτόλμησεν. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 10 Κόρινθον | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 10 | Κόρινθον | Κόρινθος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐσδραμεῖν | obl | high | Goal of the infinitive ἐσδραμεῖν. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ὑποδέξασθαι | cc | high | Coordinates infinitives. |
| 12 | ὑποδέξασθαι | ὑποδέχομαι | VERB | V-ADN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 4 ἐσδραμεῖν | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 τείχει | det | high | Article modifying τείχει. |
| 14 | τείχει | τεῖχος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ὑποδέξασθαι | obl | high | Dative complement with ὑποδέξασθαι. |
| 15 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 διαπίπτοντας | det | high | Article modifying διαπίπτοντας. |
| 16 | διαπίπτοντας | διαπίπτω | VERB | V-PAP-AMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ὑποδέξασθαι | obj | high | Accusative participle functioning as object of ὑποδέξασθαι. |
| 17 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 19 φυγῆς | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 18 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 φυγῆς | det | high | Article modifying φυγῆς. |
| 19 | φυγῆς | φυγή | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 διαπίπτοντας | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐκ. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐδυνήθησαν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 21 | κἂν | κἄν | SCONJ | _ | _ | 29 ἐδυνήθησαν | mark | medium | Likely κε/ἄν with conditional or concessive force. |
| 22 | εὕρασθαί | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 29 ἐδυνήθησαν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive dependent on ἐδυνήθησαν; form as given is unusual/likely orthographic. |
| 23 | τι | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 22 εὕρασθαί | obj | high | Indefinite pronoun object of εὕρασθαί. |
| 24 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | _ | 25 Μομμίου | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 25 | Μομμίου | Μόμμιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 εὕρασθαί | obl | high | Source/agentive complement with παρά. |
| 26 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 27 Ἀχαιοὶ | det | high | Article modifying Ἀχαιοὶ. |
| 27 | Ἀχαιοὶ | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐδυνήθησαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐδυνήθησαν. |
| 28 | φιλάνθρωπον | φιλάνθρωπος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 εὕρασθαί | obj | medium | Predicate/attributive use with εὕρασθαί; accusative neuter singular likely substantive 'something humane'. |
| 29 | ἐδυνήθησαν | δύναμαι | VERB | V-3API-P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence; deponent form. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐδυνήθησαν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 31 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 32 πολιορκίαν | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 32 | πολιορκίαν | πολιορκία | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 καταστάντες | obl | high | Supplementary circumstantial phrase with καταστάντες. |
| 33 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 34 τριβὴν | cc | high | Coordinates πολιορκίαν and τριβήν. |
| 34 | τριβὴν | τριβή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 πολιορκίαν | conj | high | Coordinated object of ἐς. |
| 35 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 τριβὴν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of τριβήν. |
| 36 | καταστάντες | καθίστημι | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 29 ἐδυνήθησαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Ἀχαιοὶ. |
| 37 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐδυνήθησαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
νῦν δὲ ἀρχομένων ἔτι ἐνδιδόναι τῶν Ἀχαιῶν εὐθὺ Μεγάλης πόλεως ἔφευγεν ὁ Δίαιος, οὐδέν τι γενόμενος ἐς Ἀχαιοὺς ὅμοιος ἢ καὶ Καλλίστρατος ὁ Ἐμπέδου πρὸς Ἀθηναίους.
The opening genitive participial construction is somewhat compressed; ἀρχομένων ἔτι ἐνδιδόναι τῶν Ἀχαιῶν is treated as a genitive absolute-like frame modifying the main clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 ἔφευγεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying ἔφευγεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 11 ἔφευγεν | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἀρχομένων | ἄρχω | VERB | V-PMP-PPP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐνδιδόναι | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute-like participial clause; syntactic relation somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐνδιδόναι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐνδιδόναι. |
| 5 | ἐνδιδόναι | ἐνδίδωμι | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ἀρχομένων | xcomp | medium | Dependent infinitive of ἀρχομένων; exact control relation uncertain. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-P---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | Article modifying Ἀχαιῶν. |
| 7 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Ne-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἀρχομένων | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject with ἀρχομένων / whole genitive construction. |
| 8 | εὐθὺ | εὐθύς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 ἔφευγεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔφευγεν. |
| 9 | Μεγάλης | μέγας | ADJ | A-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πόλεως | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying πόλεως. |
| 10 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 εὐθὺ | obl | medium | Likely part of the directional phrase with εὐθύ. |
| 11 | ἔφευγεν | φεύγω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Δίαιος | det | high | Article modifying Δίαιος. |
| 13 | Δίαιος | Δίαιος | PROPN | Ne-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἔφευγεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔφευγεν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔφευγεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | DET | K-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 17 γενόμενος | obj | medium | Adverbial/neuter object-like modifier of γενόμενος; translation suggests 'not at all'. |
| 16 | τι | τις | PRON | RI-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 15 οὐδέν | fixed | medium | Enclitic reinforcing οὐδέν. |
| 17 | γενόμενος | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 11 ἔφευγεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Δίαιος. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Ἀχαιοὺς | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀχαιοὺς. |
| 19 | Ἀχαιοὺς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Ne-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ὅμοιος | obl | high | Object of prepositional phrase with ἐς. |
| 20 | ὅμοιος | ὅμοιος | ADJ | A-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 γενόμενος | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with participle γενόμενος. |
| 21 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 20 ὅμοιος | cc | high | Coordination marker. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | PART | G-------- | _ | 23 Καλλίστρατος | advmod | medium | Intensifying particle modifying Καλλίστρατος. |
| 23 | Καλλίστρατος | Καλλίστρατος | PROPN | Ne-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ὅμοιος | conj | high | Coordinated with ὅμοιος in comparison. |
| 24 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 Ἐμπέδου | det | high | Article modifying Ἐμπέδου. |
| 25 | Ἐμπέδου | Ἔμπεδος | PROPN | Ne-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Καλλίστρατος | nmod | high | Genitive patronymic/name modifier of Καλλίστρατος. |
| 26 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 Ἀθηναίους | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀθηναίους. |
| 27 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Ne-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 Καλλίστρατος | obl | high | Object of comparison phrase with πρός. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔφευγεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |