Grammar parses for passage 7.16.7
Open translation for this passage
Ἀχαιῶν δὲ οἱ ἐς Κόρινθον ἀποσωθέντες μετὰ τὴν μάχην ἀπεδίδρασκον ὑπὸ νύκτα εὐθύς· ἀπεδίδρασκον δὲ καὶ αὐτῶν Κορινθίων οἱ πολλοί.
The first clause has substantivized οἱ ἀποσωθέντες as subject; the second has οἱ πολλοί Κορινθίων as subject. The attachment of καὶ αὐτῶν is somewhat ambiguous, but αὐτῶν is treated as dependent on Κορινθίων.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | A- -GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 οἱ | nmod | high | Genitive of affiliation/partitive with οἱ ἐς Κόρινθον ἀποσωθέντες. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἀπεδίδρασκον | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T---NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀποσωθέντες | det | high | Substantivizing article with the participle. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Κόρινθον | case | high | |
| 5 | Κόρινθον | Κόρινθος | PROPN | A- -ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποσωθέντες | obl | high | Destination of ἀποσωθέντες. |
| 6 | ἀποσωθέντες | ἀποσώζω | VERB | V-APP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 ἀπεδίδρασκον | nsubj | high | Substantivized aorist passive participle, subject of ἀπεδίδρασκον. |
| 7 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 μάχην | case | high | |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T---ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 μάχην | det | high | |
| 9 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N- -ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπεδίδρασκον | obl | high | Temporal accusative phrase μετὰ τὴν μάχην. |
| 10 | ἀπεδίδρασκον | ἀποδιδράσκω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 νύκτα | case | high | |
| 12 | νύκτα | νύξ | NOUN | N- -ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπεδίδρασκον | obl | high | Temporal accusative with ὑπό. |
| 13 | εὐθύς | εὐθύς | ADV | ADV | _ | 10 ἀπεδίδρασκον | advmod | high | |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀπεδίδρασκον | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἀπεδίδρασκον | ἀποδιδράσκω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 ἀπεδίδρασκον | conj | high | Coordinated second clause, with shared discourse subject understood from οἱ Κορινθίων. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἀπεδίδρασκον | cc | high | |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 αὐτῶν | cc | medium | καί coordinates the genitive phrase or adds emphasis; attachment is syntactically ambiguous. |
| 18 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P---GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 19 Κορινθίων | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on Κορινθίων, likely ‘of the Corinthians themselves’. |
| 19 | Κορινθίων | Κορίνθιος | PROPN | A- -GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 πολλοί | nmod | high | Genitive with οἱ πολλοί, ‘the majority of the Corinthians’. |
| 20 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T---NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 πολλοί | det | high | Substantivizing article with πολλοί. |
| 21 | πολλοί | πολύς | ADJ | A---NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἀπεδίδρασκον | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, subject of second ἀπεδίδρασκον. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀπεδίδρασκον | punct | high |
Μόμμιος δὲ τὸ μὲν παραυτίκα, ἀναπεπταμένων ὅμως τῶν πυλῶν, ἐπεῖχεν ἐς τὴν Κόρινθον παρελθεῖν, ὑποκαθῆσθαί τινα ἐντὸς τοῦ τείχους ὑποπτεύων ἐνέδραν·
Main construction: Μόμμιος ἐπεῖχεν παρελθεῖν, with a concessive genitive absolute ἀναπεπταμένων τῶν πυλῶν and a participial clause ὑποπτεύων; the infinitive ὑποκαθῆσθαι with accusative τινα is nested in the suspicion content, though its precise attachment is somewhat ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μόμμιος | Μόμμιος | PROPN | Nbms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπεῖχεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 ἐπεῖχεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S----NNA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 παραυτίκα | det | high | Substantivized temporal article. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df-------- | _ | 5 παραυτίκα | discourse | high | |
| 5 | παραυτίκα | παραυτίκα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 ἐπεῖχεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb with substantivized τὸ. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐπεῖχεν | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἀναπεπταμένων | ἀναπετάννυμι | VERB | V-RPMP-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 12 ἐπεῖχεν | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute with τῶν πυλῶν. |
| 8 | ὅμως | ὅμως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 ἀναπεπταμένων | advmod | high | Concessive adverb. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S----GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 πυλῶν | det | high | |
| 10 | πυλῶν | πύλη | NOUN | Nbpf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἀναπεπταμένων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐπεῖχεν | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἐπεῖχεν | ἐπέχω | VERB | V3SIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb, here meaning 'held back/delayed'. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 παρελθεῖν | case | high | |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----AFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Κόρινθον | det | high | |
| 15 | Κόρινθον | Κόρινθος | PROPN | Nbfa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 παρελθεῖν | obl | high | |
| 16 | παρελθεῖν | παρέρχομαι | VERB | V--ANA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 ἐπεῖχεν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complementary to ἐπεῖχεν. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐπεῖχεν | punct | high | |
| 18 | ὑποκαθῆσθαί | ὑποκάθημαι | VERB | V--PNM--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 23 ὑποπτεύων | ccomp | medium | Infinitive in the suspicion construction; exact attachment is syntactically ambiguous. |
| 19 | τινα | τις | PRON | P---ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ὑποκαθῆσθαί | obj | medium | Indefinite pronoun, object/subject-like accusative of infinitive. |
| 20 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADV | D-------- | _ | 22 τείχους | case | high | Preposition-like adverb governing genitive. |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S----GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 τείχους | det | high | |
| 22 | τείχους | τεῖχος | NOUN | Nbng | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ὑποκαθῆσθαί | obl | high | |
| 23 | ὑποπτεύων | ὑποπτεύω | VERB | V-PAPMS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ἐπεῖχεν | advcl | high | Participial adjunct with Μόμμιος as understood subject. |
| 24 | ἐνέδραν | ἐνέδρα | NOUN | Nafa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὑποκαθῆσθαί | obj | medium | Object of ὑποκαθῆσθαι: 'an ambush'; attachment to ὑποπτεύων is also conceivable. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐπεῖχεν | punct | high |
τρίτῃ δὲ ἡμέρᾳ μετὰ τὴν μάχην ᾕρει τε κατὰ κράτος καὶ ἔκαιε Κόρινθον.
The temporal dative τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ modifies the coordinated imperfect verbs ᾕρει and ἔκαιε; Κόρινθον is the shared accusative object, while μετὰ τὴν μάχην is a temporal prepositional adjunct.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τρίτῃ | τρίτος | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἡμέρᾳ | amod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ᾕρει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἡμέρᾳ | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ᾕρει | obl:tmod | high | Dative of temporal circumstance. |
| 4 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 μάχην | case | high | |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μάχην | det | high | |
| 6 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ᾕρει | obl | high | Temporal adjunct with μετά. |
| 7 | ᾕρει | αἱρέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect; subject is understood from context. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ᾕρει | cc | high | Coordinates the first verb with καὶ before the second. |
| 9 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 κράτος | case | high | |
| 10 | κράτος | κράτος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ᾕρει | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative phrase, ‘by force/completely’. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 ἔκαιε | cc | high | Coordinates the second verb with the preceding τε. |
| 12 | ἔκαιε | καίω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 7 ᾕρει | conj | high | Coordinated imperfect verb. |
| 13 | Κόρινθον | Κόρινθος | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔκαιε | obj | medium | Shared object of ᾕρει and ἔκαιε; attached to the nearer verb. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ᾕρει | punct | high |