Grammar parses for passage 7.17.5
Open translation for this passage
τάδε μὲν οὕτω συμβάντα εὕρισκον·
τάδε is a neuter plural demonstrative functioning as the object of εὕρισκον; συμβάντα is a neuter plural aorist participle agreeing with τάδε and denoting prior circumstance, while μὲν is correlative/topic-marking.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τάδε | ὅδε | PRON | RD—APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 εὕρισκον | obj | high | Neuter plural demonstrative pronoun used substantivally as the object of εὕρισκον. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 εὕρισκον | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle; likely contrasts with a following μέν/δέ structure beyond this sentence. |
| 3 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 συμβάντα | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the participial circumstance, ‘thus/in this way’. |
| 4 | συμβάντα | συμβαίνω | VERB | VAAPAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 τάδε | acl | high | Aorist active participle agreeing with τάδε; circumstantial, ‘having happened’. |
| 5 | εὕρισκον | εὑρίσκω | VERB | VIAI—S | Mood=Ind|Number=1|Person=Sing|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect active indicative, first-person singular; subject is implicit ἐγώ. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εὕρισκον | punct | high |
Ἀχαιοῖς δὲ ὅροι καὶ Ἠλείοις τῆς χώρας ποταμός τε Λάρισος καὶ Ἀθηνᾶς ἐπὶ τῷ ποταμῷ ναός ἐστι Λαρισαίας,
The copular clause has plural ὅροι as subject but singular ἐστι with coordinated landmark predicates; Λάρισος and ναός are best treated as coordinated nominal constituents, while Λαρισαίας is a somewhat compressed genitive adjective associated with the temple's deity.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀχαιοῖς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ὅροι | obl | high | Dative of the people whose boundary is stated. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ὅροι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὅροι | ὅρος | NOUN | N--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἐστι | nsubj | medium | Plural subject with singular copula, coordinated semantic predicate: ‘the boundaries ... are’. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 Ἠλείοις | cc | high | |
| 5 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ὅροι | conj | high | Coordinated dative of the people. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 χώρας | det | high | |
| 7 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ὅροι | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the territory. |
| 8 | ποταμός | ποταμός | NOUN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Λάρισος | flat | high | Name phrase with Λάρισος. |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ναός | cc | high | Correlates the river and temple constituents. |
| 10 | Λάρισος | Λάρισος | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὅροι | conj | high | River-name subject/predicate constituent. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 Ἀθηνᾶς | cc | high | |
| 12 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ναός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναός: temple of Athena. |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 15 ποταμῷ | case | high | Takes the dative phrase τῷ ποταμῷ. |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ποταμῷ | det | high | |
| 15 | ποταμῷ | ποταμός | NOUN | N--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ναός | obl | high | Locative-like dative with ἐπί. |
| 16 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Λάρισος | conj | medium | Second coordinated boundary landmark, linked with τε to the river. |
| 17 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 18 | Λαρισαίας | Λαρισαῖος | ADJ | A--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ναός | amod | medium | Feminine genitive adjective modifying an omitted or understood goddess name; likely associated with Athena/Larisa. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐστι | punct | high |
καὶ Ἀχαιῶν πόλις Δύμη σταδίους ὅσον τε τριάκοντα ἀπέχει τοῦ Λαρίσου.
The sentence has a distance-measure accusative (σταδίους ... τριάκοντα) with a genitive complement of ἀπέχει; ὅσον τε forms a correlative quantity expression.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 πόλις | cc | high | |
| 2 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-GenPl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 πόλις | nmod | high | Ethnic/genitive modifier of πόλις. |
| 3 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NomSg | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀπέχει | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | Δύμη | Δύμη | PROPN | N-NomSg | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 πόλις | appos | high | Appositional place name identifying πόλις. |
| 5 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-AccPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἀπέχει | obj | high | Accusative measure of distance. |
| 6 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADJ | A-AccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 σταδίους | advmod | medium | Correlative degree/quantity modifier in the measure phrase. |
| 7 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 6 ὅσον | advmod | medium | Enclitic connective associated with ὅσον τε. |
| 8 | τριάκοντα | τριάκοντα | NUM | M-AccPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 5 σταδίους | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral modifying σταδίους. |
| 9 | ἀπέχει | ἀπέχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | D-GenSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Λαρίσου | det | high | |
| 11 | Λαρίσου | Λάρισος | PROPN | N-GenSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀπέχει | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπέχει. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀπέχει | punct | high |
ταύτην Φίλιππος ὁ Δημητρίου πολεμῶν μόνην τῶν Ἀχαϊκῶν ἔσχεν ὑπήκοον, καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ αἰτίᾳ ταύτῃ Σουλπίκιος, ἡγεμὼν καὶ οὗτος Ῥωμαίων, ἐπέτρεψε τῇ στρατιᾷ διαρπάσαι τὴν Δύμην·
The sentence contains two coordinated finite clauses; token 24 is marked root, with token 9 functioning as the coordinated preceding clause (conj relation is implicit here because 24 is the root).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | PD-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 9 ἔσχεν | obj | high | |
| 2 | Φίλιππος | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Δημητρίου | det | high | |
| 4 | Δημητρίου | Δημήτριος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 Φίλιππος | appos | medium | Patronymic genitive within the name phrase. |
| 5 | πολεμῶν | πολεμέω | VERB | V-PAPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 2 Φίλιππος | advcl | high | |
| 6 | μόνην | μόνος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ὑπήκοον | amod | high | |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Ἀχαϊκῶν | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἀχαϊκῶν | Ἀχαϊκός | ADJ | A-GPF | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 μόνην | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, 'of the Achaean [cities/settlements]'. |
| 9 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist form of ἔχω. |
| 10 | ὑπήκοον | ὑπήκοος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔσχεν | xcomp | high | Predicative object complement agreeing with ταύτην in sense. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔσχεν | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 24 ἐπέτρεψε | cc | high | Coordinates the second main clause. |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 15 αἰτίᾳ | case | high | |
| 14 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 αἰτίᾳ | det | high | |
| 15 | αἰτίᾳ | αἰτία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἐπέτρεψε | obl | high | ἐπί with dative: 'on account of'. |
| 16 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | PD-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 15 αἰτίᾳ | amod | high | |
| 17 | Σουλπίκιος | Σουλπίκιος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἐπέτρεψε | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 Σουλπίκιος | punct | high | |
| 19 | ἡγεμὼν | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Σουλπίκιος | appos | high | Apposition to Σουλπίκιος. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 21 οὗτος | advmod | high | Adverbial καί, 'also'. |
| 21 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 19 ἡγεμὼν | det | medium | Demonstrative modifying ἡγεμών: 'this one too'. |
| 22 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἡγεμὼν | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, 'of the Romans'. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐπέτρεψε | punct | high | |
| 24 | ἐπέτρεψε | ἐπιτρέπω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Coordinated finite verb; a single-root analysis would attach this clause to ἔσχεν via conj. |
| 25 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 στρατιᾷ | det | high | |
| 26 | στρατιᾷ | στρατιά | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἐπέτρεψε | iobj | high | Dative complement of ἐπιτρέπω. |
| 27 | διαρπάσαι | διαρπάζω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 24 ἐπέτρεψε | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἐπέτρεψε. |
| 28 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 29 Δύμην | det | high | |
| 29 | Δύμην | Δύμη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 διαρπάσαι | obj | high | |
| 30 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐπέτρεψε | punct | high |
Αὔγουστος δὲ ὕστερον καὶ προσένειμεν αὐτὴν Πατρεῦσιν.
The sentence has a straightforward subject–verb–object structure, with Πατρεῦσιν as the dative recipient; ὕστερον is an adverbial temporal modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Αὔγουστος | Αὔγουστος | PROPN | Neut? Nom? | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 προσένειμεν | nsubj | medium | Personal name, nominative subject; morphology follows masculine proper name usage. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 προσένειμεν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | Adverb | Degree=Pos | 5 προσένειμεν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative/neuter form meaning subsequently. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 προσένειμεν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking the verb with preceding context. |
| 5 | προσένειμεν | προσανέμω | VERB | V-AIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist active third-singular; compound verb means assigned or granted in addition. |
| 6 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-AF-3S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 προσένειμεν | obj | high | Accusative feminine singular pronoun, direct object. |
| 7 | Πατρεῦσιν | Πατρεύς | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 προσένειμεν | iobj | high | Dative plural demonym/name, recipient of the grant. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 προσένειμεν | punct | high |