Grammar parses for passage 7.17.8
Open translation for this passage
ὀλίγον δὲ πρὸ τοῦ ἄστεώς ἐστι τοῦ Δυμαίων ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ τάφος Σωστράτου· μειράκιον δὲ ἦν τῶν ἐπιχωρίων, γενέσθαι δὲ Ἡρακλέους ἐρώμενόν φασιν αὐτόν, καὶ---ἀποθανεῖν γὰρ τὸν Σώστρατον Ἡρακλέους ἔτι ὄντος μετὰ ἀνθρώπων---οὕτως οἱ τὸν Ἡρακλέα τό τε μνῆμα αὐτὸν εἶναι τὸν ποιήσαντα καὶ ἀπαρχὰς ἀπὸ τῶν ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ τριχῶν δοῦναι.
The sentence has an initial locative/existential clause, followed by reported infinitival clauses; in the final clause οἱ is the nominative subject of εἶναι/ποιήσαντα, with Ἡρακλέα as accusative subject and αὐτόν as predicate accusative. The dashed tokens are punctuation-like separators retained as tokens.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADV | A-S---N-- | Degree=Pos | 6 ἐστι | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ἄστεώς | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἄστεώς | det | high | |
| 5 | ἄστεώς | ἄστυ | NOUN | N-S-GNE-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστι | obl | high | |
| 6 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 τάφος | cop | high | Existential/copular verb with τάφος as subject. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Δυμαίων | det | high | |
| 8 | Δυμαίων | Δυμαῖος | PROPN | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἄστεώς | nmod | medium | Genitive identifying the city/territory. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 δεξιᾷ | case | high | |
| 10 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | NOUN | A-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 τάφος | obl | high | Substantivized feminine adjective, 'on the right'. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ὁδοῦ | det | high | |
| 12 | ὁδοῦ | ὁδός | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 δεξιᾷ | nmod | high | |
| 13 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | Σωστράτου | Σώστρατος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 τάφος | nmod | high | |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 τάφος | punct | high | |
| 16 | μειράκιον | μειράκιον | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἦν | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative/subject complement with ἦν. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 18 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 13 τάφος | parataxis | high | Imperfect of εἰμί. |
| 19 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἐπιχωρίων | det | high | |
| 20 | ἐπιχωρίων | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 μειράκιον | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, 'the local people'. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 22 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--ANM--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 26 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported speech, dependent on φασιν. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 24 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἐρώμενόν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐρώμενον. |
| 25 | ἐρώμενόν | ἐρώμενος | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 γενέσθαι | xcomp | medium | Accusative predicate/complement of γενέσθαι; form is a substantivized participial noun. |
| 26 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 τάφος | parataxis | high | |
| 27 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 22 γενέσθαι | obj | medium | Likely accusative subject of γενέσθαι; placement after φασιν is discourse-driven. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | cc | high | |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 33 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V--AAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 26 φασιν | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive in the explanatory parenthesis. |
| 34 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | cc | high | |
| 35 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 Σώστρατον | det | high | |
| 36 | Σώστρατον | Σώστρατος | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 37 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 39 ὄντος | nmod | high | Genitive absolute construction. |
| 38 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 39 ὄντος | advmod | high | |
| 39 | ὄντος | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAPMSG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute: 'while Heracles was still among humans'. |
| 40 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 41 ἀνθρώπων | case | high | |
| 41 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 39 ὄντος | obl | high | |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 43 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 44 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 45 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 53 εἶναι | advmod | high | |
| 46 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 53 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Substantivized article, 'they'; exact antecedent is contextual. |
| 47 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 48 Ἡρακλέα | det | high | |
| 48 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 53 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 49 | τό | ὁ | DET | L-S---NN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 51 μνῆμα | det | high | |
| 50 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 53 εἶναι | cc | high | Pairs with καί at token 56. |
| 51 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 53 εἶναι | obj | high | Accusative predicate nominal with εἶναι. |
| 52 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 55 ποιήσαντα | obj | medium | Likely object of ποιήσαντα, referring to Sostratus; syntactic attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 53 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | conj | medium | Infinitive coordinated with δοῦναι; embedded report after οἱ. |
| 54 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 55 ποιήσαντα | det | high | |
| 55 | ποιήσαντα | ποιέω | VERB | V-SAAPMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 53 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Substantivized participle, coordinated predicate accusative: 'the one who made it'. |
| 56 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 64 δοῦναι | cc | high | |
| 57 | ἀπαρχὰς | ἀπαρχή | NOUN | N-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 64 δοῦναι | obj | high | |
| 58 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 63 τριχῶν | case | high | |
| 59 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-P---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 63 τριχῶν | det | high | |
| 60 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 62 κεφαλῇ | case | high | |
| 61 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 62 κεφαλῇ | det | high | |
| 62 | κεφαλῇ | κεφαλή | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 63 τριχῶν | nmod | high | |
| 63 | τριχῶν | θρίξ | NOUN | N-P---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 57 ἀπαρχὰς | nmod | high | Genitive partitive: 'locks of hair'. |
| 64 | δοῦναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V--AAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | conj | high | Second reported infinitive, coordinated with εἶναι. |
| 65 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἀποθανεῖν | punct | high |
ἐπίθημα δὲ καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἔτι στήλη τε ἦν ἐπὶ τοῦ χώματος καὶ Ἡρακλῆς ἐπειργασμένος·
The sentence is an existential/copular description with coordinated nominative subjects στήλη and Ἡρακλῆς; ἐπειργασμένος is a predicative participle, while ἐπίθημα is a further nominal subject or appositional description whose exact relation is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπίθημα | ἐπίθημα | NOUN | Noun, Nom/Acc Neut Sing | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Neuter nominative subject, with an implied or elided predicative complement. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 1 ἐπίθημα | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 7 στήλη | cc | high | Coordinates στήλη with the following coordinated nominal/participial description. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep | _ | 5 ἐμὲ | case | high | |
| 5 | ἐμὲ | ἐγώ | PRON | Pron, Acc Masc/Fem Sing | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 1 ἐπίθημα | obl | high | Prepositional phrase modifying the nominal assertion; literally ‘as far as me/in my reckoning’. |
| 6 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | Adv | _ | 9 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 7 | στήλη | στήλη | NOUN | Noun, Nom Fem Sing | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Coordinated nominative subject with Ἡρακλῆς; the construction has a shared verb ἦν. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 7 στήλη | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | Verb, Imperf Act Ind 3 Sing | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/root verb; coordinated nominative elements follow. |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | Prep | _ | 12 χώματος | case | high | |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Art, Gen Neut Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 χώματος | det | high | |
| 12 | χώματος | χῶμα | NOUN | Noun, Gen Neut Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 στήλη | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί in the phrase ἐπὶ τοῦ χώματος. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 14 Ἡρακλῆς | cc | high | |
| 14 | Ἡρακλῆς | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | Propn, Nom Masc Sing | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἦν | conj | high | Coordinated nominative subject. |
| 15 | ἐπειργασμένος | ἐπεργάζομαι | VERB | Part, Perf Mid Nom Masc Sing | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 Ἡρακλῆς | acl | medium | Perfect middle/passive participle agreeing with Ἡρακλῆς, ‘worked/depicted in relief’; semantically predicative with ἦν. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἦν | punct | high |
ἐλέγετο δὲ ὡς οἱ ἐπιχώριοι καὶ ἐναγίζουσι τῷ Σωστράτῳ.
Impersonal ἐλέγετο governs a ὡς-content clause; καί is best read adverbially (‘also’), and the dative Σωστράτῳ is the recipient/object of the sacrifice.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐλέγετο | λέγω | VERB | V-3S-IIM/P | Mood=Ind|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect passive, impersonal reporting construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐλέγετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐλέγετο | mark | high | Introduces the reported content clause. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐπιχώριοι | det | high | |
| 5 | ἐπιχώριοι | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐναγίζουσι | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, subject of ἐναγίζουσι. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἐναγίζουσι | advmod | high | Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’. |
| 7 | ἐναγίζουσι | ἐναγίζω | VERB | V-3P-PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἐλέγετο | ccomp | high | Finite verb of the ὡς-content clause. |
| 8 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Σωστράτῳ | det | high | |
| 9 | Σωστράτῳ | Σώστρατος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐναγίζουσι | iobj | high | Dative object of ἐναγίζουσι; proper name. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐλέγετο | punct | high |