Grammar parses for passage 7.18.13
Open translation for this passage
τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου πῦρ ἐνιᾶσιν ἐς τὰ ξύλα.
Main clause has the finite verb ἐνιᾶσιν with an object πῦρ and an oblique goal phrase ἐς τὰ ξύλα; ἀπὸ τούτου is best treated as a source modifier of the fire.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 πῦρ | det | high | Article agreeing with πῦρ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G------ | _ | 6 ἐνιᾶσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 τούτου | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 4 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-SG-GM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 πῦρ | nmod | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 5 | πῦρ | πῦρ | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐνιᾶσιν | obj | medium | Likely direct object of ἐνιᾶσιν, though clause syntax is somewhat loose. |
| 6 | ἐνιᾶσιν | ἐνίημι | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 ξύλα | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 ξύλα | det | high | Article agreeing with ξύλα. |
| 9 | ξύλα | ξύλον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἐνιᾶσιν | obl | high | Goal phrase with ἐς. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐνιᾶσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐνταῦθά που καὶ ἄρκτον καὶ ἄλλο τι ἐθεασάμην τῶν ζῴων, τὰ μὲν ὑπὸ τὴν πρώτην ὁρμὴν τοῦ πυρὸς βιαζόμενα ἐς τὸ ἐκτός, τὰ δὲ καὶ ἐκφεύγοντα ὑπὸ ἰσχύος·
Main clause with two articular participial phrases describing the animals; ἐνταῦθά που καὶ introduces the locative/hedged setting, and the participles agree with τὰ under an implied neuter plural frame.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθά | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἐθεασάμην | advmod | high | Adverb of place. |
| 2 | που | που | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ἐνταῦθά | advmod | medium | Enclitic particle of approximation/indefiniteness. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἄρκτον | cc | high | Connects the coordinated object. |
| 4 | ἄρκτον | ἄρκτος | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐθεασάμην | obj | high | Direct object of ἐθεασάμην. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἄλλο | cc | high | Coordinates with ἄρκτον. |
| 6 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐθεασάμην | obj | high | Part of coordinated object phrase. |
| 7 | τι | τις | PRON | X-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἄλλο | det | medium | Indefinite pronoun modifying ἄλλο. |
| 8 | ἐθεασάμην | θεάομαι | VERB | V-1AMI-S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ζῴων | det | high | Article with ζῴων. |
| 10 | ζῴων | ζῷον | NOUN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐθεασάμην | obl | high | Partitive/genitive complement with ἄλλο τι. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐθεασάμην | punct | high | Comma. |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 βιαζόμενα | det | high | Article introducing first participial group. |
| 13 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 12 τὰ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 14 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 ὁρμὴν | case | high | Governs accusative. |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὁρμὴν | det | high | Article with ὁρμὴν. |
| 16 | πρώτην | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὁρμὴν | amod | high | Attributive adjective. |
| 17 | ὁρμὴν | ὁρμή | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 βιαζόμενα | obl | high | With ὑπό, marking circumstance/cause. |
| 18 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 πυρὸς | det | high | Article with πυρός. |
| 19 | πυρὸς | πῦρ | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ὁρμὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὁρμὴν. |
| 20 | βιαζόμενα | βιάζω | VERB | V-PMPN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 τὰ | acl | high | Participial modifier agreeing with τὰ. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 ἐκτός | case | high | Governs the adverbial phrase. |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἐκτός | det | high | Article with ἐκτός. |
| 23 | ἐκτός | ἐκτός | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 βιαζόμενα | advmod | high | Directional adverb with ἐς. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 βιαζόμενα | punct | high | Comma. |
| 25 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ἐκφεύγοντα | det | high | Article introducing second participial group. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 25 τὰ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 ἐκφεύγοντα | cc | high | Connective with participle. |
| 28 | ἐκφεύγοντα | ἐκφεύγω | VERB | V-PAPN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 τὰ | acl | high | Participial modifier agreeing with τὰ. |
| 29 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 30 ἰσχύος | case | high | Governs genitive. |
| 30 | ἰσχύος | ἰσχύς | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἐκφεύγοντα | obl | high | Agent/cause with ὑπό. |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐθεασάμην | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ταῦτα οἱ ἐμβαλόντες ἐπανάγουσιν αὖθις ἐς τὴν πυράν.
The participial subject οἱ ἐμβαλόντες is substantival and agrees with the implied agents of the finite verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PD-AP-NE | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 ἐπανάγουσιν | obj | high | Demonstrative pronoun, object of ἐπανάγουσιν. |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ἐμβαλόντες | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 3 | ἐμβαλόντες | ἐμβάλλω | VERB | AAP-NPM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἐπανάγουσιν | nsubj | high | Aorist active participle functioning substantively, subject of ἐπανάγουσιν. |
| 4 | ἐπανάγουσιν | ἐπανάγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 5 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D | _ | 4 ἐπανάγουσιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the verb. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 8 πυράν | case | high | Preposition governing πυράν. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 πυράν | det | high | Article modifying πυράν. |
| 8 | πυράν | πυρά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπανάγουσιν | obl | high | Prepositional object of ἐπανάγουσιν. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐπανάγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τρωθῆναι δὲ οὐδένα ὑπὸ τῶν θηρίων μνημονεύουσιν.
Indirect statement with accusative subject τρωθῆναι...οὐδένα dependent on μνημονεύουσιν; ὑπὸ τῶν θηρίων marks the agent of the passive infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τρωθῆναι | τιτρώσκω | VERB | V-ANP | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 7 μνημονεύουσιν | ccomp | high | Complement infinitive depending on μνημονεύουσιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 7 μνημονεύουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τρωθῆναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 4 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R | _ | 7 μνημονεύουσιν | case | high | Introduces the agent phrase. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | BG-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 θηρίων | det | high | Article modifying θηρίων. |
| 6 | θηρίων | θηρίον | NOUN | N-GNP | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 τρωθῆναι | obl | high | Genitive complement of ὑπό. |
| 7 | μνημονεύουσιν | μνημονεύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 μνημονεύουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |