Grammar parses for passage 7.18.2
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ δὲ Πείρου ποταμοῦ περὶ τοὺς ὀγδοήκοντα ἀφέστηκε σταδίους Πατρέων ἡ πόλις· οὐ πόρρω δὲ αὐτῆς ποταμὸς Γλαῦκος ἐκδίδωσιν ἐς θάλασσαν.
The first clause uses a genitive phrase plus a measure expression with περὶ; the second clause is coordinated loosely by δέ and has πόρρω αὐτῆς as an adverbial phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ποταμοῦ | det | high | Article modifying ποταμοῦ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἀφέστηκε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Πείρου | Πεῖρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ποταμοῦ | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ποταμοῦ. |
| 4 | ποταμοῦ | ποταμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀφέστηκε | obl | high | Genitive phrase dependent on ἀφέστηκε. |
| 5 | περὶ | περί | ADP | _ | _ | 9 σταδίους | case | high | Preposition governing σταδίους. |
| 6 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 σταδίους | det | high | Article modifying σταδίους. |
| 7 | ὀγδοήκοντα | ὀγδοήκοντα | NUM | _ | NumType=Card | 9 σταδίους | nummod | high | Numeral modifying σταδίους. |
| 8 | ἀφέστηκε | ἀφίστημι | VERB | PerfActInd3Sing | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 9 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἀφέστηκε | obl | medium | Accusative of extent/measure with περὶ. |
| 10 | Πατρέων | Πάτραι | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 12 πόλις | nmod | high | Genitive of place/name modifying πόλις. |
| 11 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 πόλις | det | high | Article modifying πόλις. |
| 12 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀφέστηκε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφέστηκε. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀφέστηκε | punct | high | Clause boundary punctuation. |
| 14 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 15 πόρρω | advmod | high | Negates πόρρω. |
| 15 | πόρρω | πόρρω | ADV | _ | _ | 20 ἐκδίδωσιν | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of ἐκδίδωσιν. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 20 ἐκδίδωσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 17 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 18 ποταμὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πόρρω, referring back to the city. |
| 18 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἐκδίδωσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐκδίδωσιν. |
| 19 | Γλαῦκος | Γλαῦκος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ποταμὸς | flat | high | Proper name in apposition to ποταμός. |
| 20 | ἐκδίδωσιν | ἐκδίδωμι | VERB | PresActInd3Sing | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 22 θάλασσαν | case | high | Preposition governing θάλασσαν. |
| 22 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐκδίδωσιν | obl | high | Goal of motion with ἐς. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐκδίδωσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Πατρέων δὲ οἱ τὰ ἀρχαιότατα μνημονεύοντές φασιν Εὔμηλον αὐτόχθονα οἰκῆσαι πρῶτον ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ, βασιλεύοντα αὐτὸν ἀνθρώπων οὐ πολλῶν.
Indirect statement after φασιν with infinitive οἰκῆσαι; the participial phrase βασιλεύοντα αὐτὸν ἀνθρώπων οὐ πολλῶν is circumstantial and appositional to Εὔμηλον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πατρέων | Πατρεύς | PROPN | N------GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 φασιν | nsubj | high | Partitive/genitive with ὁ implied; governed by λέγουσι/φασιν sense. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 7 φασιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 μνημονεύοντές | det | high | Article with participle functioning substantively. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-p---na- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἀρχαιότατα | det | high | Article modifying superlative adjective. |
| 5 | ἀρχαιότατα | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-p---na-s | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 μνημονεύοντές | obj | high | Accusative neuter plural substantive: 'the most ancient things'. |
| 6 | μνημονεύοντές | μνημονεύω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 φασιν | nsubj | high | Attributive participle with article; subject of φασιν. |
| 7 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb introducing indirect statement. |
| 8 | Εὔμηλον | Εὔμηλος | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 οἰκῆσαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 9 | αὐτόχθονα | αὐτόχθων | ADJ | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Εὔμηλον | amod | high | Predicative adjective agreeing with Εὔμηλον. |
| 10 | οἰκῆσαι | οἰκέω | VERB | V-ANA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φασιν. |
| 11 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | D--------- | _ | 10 οἰκῆσαι | advmod | medium | Adverbial 'first'; form could also be accusative neuter, but syntax favors adverb. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 χώρᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 13 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 χώρᾳ | det | high | Article modifying χώρᾳ. |
| 14 | χώρᾳ | χώρα | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 οἰκῆσαι | obl | high | Oblique locative phrase with ἐν. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 οἰκῆσαι | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 16 | βασιλεύοντα | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 οἰκῆσαι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Εὔμηλον. |
| 17 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | A-3s---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 16 βασιλεύοντα | nsubj | high | Subject of participle βασιλεύοντα. |
| 18 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 βασιλεύοντα | obj | medium | Genitive with βασιλεύω: 'rule over men'. |
| 19 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | G-------- | _ | 20 πολλῶν | advmod | high | Negator modifying πολλῶν. |
| 20 | πολλῶν | πολύς | ADJ | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἀνθρώπων | amod | high | Attributive adjective in genitive plural, part of genitive phrase. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 φασιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Τριπτολέμου δὲ ἐκ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἀφικομένου τόν τε καρπὸν λαμβάνει τὸν ἥμερον καὶ οἰκίσαι διδαχθεὶς πόλιν Ἀρόην ὠνόμασεν ἐπὶ τῇ ἐργασίᾳ τῆς γῆς.
The syntax is concessive/temporal with a genitive absolute (Τριπτολέμου ... ἀφικομένου) and a participial chain; ὠνόμασεν is taken as the main finite predicate after λαμβάνει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τριπτολέμου | Τριπτόλεμος | PROPN | NNP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀφικομένου | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 10 λαμβάνει | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 5 Ἀττικῆς | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Ἀττικῆς | det | high | Article with place name. |
| 5 | Ἀττικῆς | Ἀττική | PROPN | NNP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀφικομένου | obl | high | Object of ἐκ. |
| 6 | ἀφικομένου | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | VMP-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 10 λαμβάνει | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 7 | τόν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 καρπὸν | det | high | Article with καρπόν. |
| 8 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 7 τόν | advmod | medium | Enclitic connective with article/noun phrase. |
| 9 | καρπὸν | καρπός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 λαμβάνει | obj | high | Direct object of λαμβάνει. |
| 10 | λαμβάνει | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἥμερον | det | high | Article with ἥμερον. |
| 12 | ἥμερον | ἥμερος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 καρπὸν | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying καρπόν. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 οἰκίσαι | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 14 | οἰκίσαι | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 διδαχθεὶς | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive with διδαχθείς. |
| 15 | διδαχθεὶς | διδάσκω | VERB | VAPP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 18 ὠνόμασεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the subject of ὠνόμασεν. |
| 16 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὠνόμασεν | obj | high | Object of ὠνόμασεν. |
| 17 | Ἀρόην | Ἀρόη | PROPN | NNP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 πόλιν | appos | high | Name of the city. |
| 18 | ὠνόμασεν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Could be coordinated with λαμβάνει as a second main verb; treated as separate root-level predicate in the clause chain. |
| 19 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 21 ἐργασίᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 20 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 ἐργασίᾳ | det | high | Article with ἐργασίᾳ. |
| 21 | ἐργασίᾳ | ἐργασία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὠνόμασεν | obl | high | Dative prepositional phrase. |
| 22 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 γῆς | det | high | Article with γῆς. |
| 23 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἐργασίᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἐργασίᾳ. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ὠνόμασεν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |