Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 7.19.2

← 7.19.1 7.19.3 →

Passage 7.19.2

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

94Greek tokens

2,665input tokens

6,654output tokens

Sentence 1

7.19.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 32
Input: 907
Output: 2,348
Total: 3,255

λέγουσιν οὖν συμβῆναί ποτε ὡς ἱερᾶσθαι μὲν τῆς θεοῦ Κομαιθὼ τὸ εἶδος καλλίστην παρθένον, τυγχάνειν δὲ αὐτῆς ἐρῶντα Μελάνιππον, τά τε ἄλλα τοὺς ἡλικιώτας καὶ ὄψεως εὐπρεπείᾳ μάλιστα ὑπερηρκότα.

The sentence uses nested indirect discourse with infinitival clauses after λέγουσιν/συμβῆναί; the final participial phrase is syntactically loose and attached as part of the second reported clause.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	λέγουσιν	λέγω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main reporting verb.
2	οὖν	οὖν	PART	_	_	1 λέγουσιν	discourse	high	Inferential particle.
3	συμβῆναί	συμβαίνω	VERB	V-ANA	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	1 λέγουσιν	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement of λέγουσιν.
4	ποτε	ποτε	ADV	_	_	3 συμβῆναί	advmod	high	Temporal/adverbial modifier.
5	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	_	_	3 συμβῆναί	mark	high	Introduces indirect statement/content.
6	ἱερᾶσθαι	ἱεράομαι	VERB	V-PNM	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	3 συμβῆναί	ccomp	medium	Deponent/passive-looking infinitive; syntax slightly uncertain.
7	μὲν	μέν	PART	_	_	6 ἱερᾶσθαι	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
8	τῆς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 θεοῦ	det	high	Definite article.
9	θεοῦ	θεός	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 ἱερᾶσθαι	obl	high	Genitive dependent of ἱερᾶσθαι.
10	Κομαιθὼ	Κομαιθώ	PROPN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 παρθένον	nsubj	high	Subject of καλλίστην παρθένον / implicit predication.
11	τὸ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	12 εἶδος	det	high	Article.
12	εἶδος	εἶδος	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 καλλίστην	obl	medium	Adverbial acc. of respect with καλλίστην.
13	καλλίστην	καλός	ADJ	A-ASF-SUP	Case=Acc\|Degree=Sup\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 παρθένον	amod	high	Adnominal modifier of παρθένον.
14	παρθένον	παρθένος	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 ἱερᾶσθαι	xcomp	medium	Predicative complement of ἱερᾶσθαι; could be appositive/predicative noun.
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἱερᾶσθαι	punct	high	Punctuation.
16	τυγχάνειν	τυγχάνω	VERB	V-PAN	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	3 συμβῆναί	conj	high	Second infinitival clause coordinated with συμβῆναί.
17	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	16 τυγχάνειν	discourse	high	Mild contrast/continuation particle.
18	αὐτῆς	αὐτός	PRON	P-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	19 ἐρῶντα	obj	high	Genitive complement of ἐρῶντα.
19	ἐρῶντα	ἐράω	VERB	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	16 τυγχάνειν	xcomp	high	Participial complement of τυγχάνειν.
20	Μελάνιππον	Μελάνιππος	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 ἐρῶντα	nsubj	high	Subject of participle ἐρῶντα in accusative infinitive construction.
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	16 τυγχάνειν	punct	high	Punctuation.
22	τά	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	24 ἄλλα	det	high	Article.
23	τε	τε	PART	_	_	24 ἄλλα	discourse	high	Enclitic connective particle.
24	ἄλλα	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	31 ὑπερηρκότα	obj	medium	Accusative substantive, object/extent of comparison with ὑπερηρκότα.
25	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	26 ἡλικιώτας	det	high	Article.
26	ἡλικιώτας	ἡλικιώτης	NOUN	N-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	24 ἄλλα	obj	high	Second accusative coordinated with ἄλλα.
27	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	26 ἡλικιώτας	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
28	ὄψεως	ὄψις	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	29 εὐπρεπείᾳ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on εὐπρεπείᾳ.
29	εὐπρεπείᾳ	εὐπρέπεια	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 ὑπερηρκότα	obl	high	Dative of respect/cause with ὑπερηρκότα.
30	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	_	_	31 ὑπερηρκότα	advmod	high	Superlative adverb.
31	ὑπερηρκότα	ὑπερέχω	VERB	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	16 τυγχάνειν	xcomp	medium	Participial complement continuing the tyncgάνειν-clause; syntax somewhat loose.
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 λέγουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 2

7.19.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 19
Input: 748
Output: 1,319
Total: 2,067

ὡς δὲ ὁ Μελάνιππος ἐς τὸ ἴσον τοῦ ἔρωτος ὑπηγάγετο τὴν παρθένον, ἐμνᾶτο αὐτὴν παρὰ τοῦ πατρός.

The sentence contains two finite verbs; the first clause is straightforward, while the second is treated as a new clause with ἐμνᾶτο as root.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	_	_	10 ὑπηγάγετο	mark	high	Introduces temporal/clausal relation.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	_	_	10 ὑπηγάγετο	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ὁ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Μελάνιππος	det	high	Article modifying proper name.
4	Μελάνιππος	Μελάνιππος	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ὑπηγάγετο	nsubj	high	Subject of ὑπηγάγετο.
5	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	7 ἴσον	case	high	Preposition governing ἴσον.
6	τὸ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 ἴσον	det	high	Article with substantivized adjective.
7	ἴσον	ἴσος	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ὑπηγάγετο	obl	high	Accusative phrase with ἐς.
8	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 ἔρωτος	det	high	Article modifying ἔρωτος.
9	ἔρωτος	ἔρως	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ἴσον	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of ἴσον.
10	ὑπηγάγετο	ὑπάγω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Finite main verb.
11	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 παρθένον	det	high	Article modifying παρθένον.
12	παρθένον	παρθένος	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 ὑπηγάγετο	obj	high	Direct object of ὑπηγάγετο.
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 ὑπηγάγετο	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
14	ἐμνᾶτο	μνάομαι	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Second finite verb; treated as coordinated/clause-level root in this sentence segmentation.
15	αὐτὴν	αὐτός	PRON	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Person=3	14 ἐμνᾶτο	obj	high	Object of ἐμνᾶτο.
16	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	_	_	18 πατρός	case	high	Preposition governing genitive.
17	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 πατρός	det	high	Article modifying πατρός.
18	πατρός	πατήρ	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 ἐμνᾶτο	obl	high	Oblique complement with παρὰ.
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐμνᾶτο	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 3

7.19.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 43
Input: 1,010
Output: 2,987
Total: 3,997

ἕπεται δέ πως τῷ γήρᾳ τά τε ἄλλα ὡς τὸ πολὺ ἐναντιοῦσθαι νέοις καὶ οὐχ ἥκιστα ἐς τοὺς ἐρῶντας τὸ ἀνάλγητον, ὅπου καὶ Μελανίππῳ τότε ἐθέλοντι ἐθέλουσαν ἄγεσθαι Κομαιθὼ οὔτε παρὰ τῶν ἑαυτοῦ γονέων οὔτε παρὰ τῶν Κομαιθοῦς ἥμερον ἀπήντησεν οὐδέν.

The syntax is somewhat compressed: ἕπεται governs an infinitival complement, and the later clause with ὅπου contains participial subordination whose internal attachment is partly uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἕπεται	ἕπομαι	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb.
2	δέ	δέ	PART	_	_	1 ἕπεται	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	πως	πως	ADV	_	_	1 ἕπεται	advmod	high	Modal adverb.
4	τῷ	ὁ	DET	L-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 γήρᾳ	det	high	Article.
5	γήρᾳ	γῆρας	NOUN	N-DSN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	1 ἕπεται	obl	high	Dative dependent of ἕπεται.
6	τά	ὁ	DET	L-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	8 ἄλλα	det	high	Article.
7	τε	τε	CCONJ	_	_	6 τά	cc	high	Enclitic connective.
8	ἄλλα	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	12 ἐναντιοῦσθαι	nsubj	medium	Likely subject of infinitive ἐναντιοῦσθαι.
9	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	_	_	12 ἐναντιοῦσθαι	mark	high	Introduces infinitival clause/comparison.
10	τὸ	ὁ	DET	L-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	11 πολὺ	det	high	Article.
11	πολὺ	πολύς	ADJ	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 ἐναντιοῦσθαι	advmod	medium	Adverbial accusative meaning 'for the most part'.
12	ἐναντιοῦσθαι	ἐναντιόομαι	VERB	V-PMN	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	1 ἕπεται	ccomp	high	Infinitival complement of ἕπεται.
13	νέοις	νέος	ADJ	A-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 ἐναντιοῦσθαι	obl	high	Dative complement with ἐναντιοῦσθαι.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	16 ἥκιστα	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
15	οὐχ	οὐ	PART	_	_	16 ἥκιστα	advmod	high	Negation.
16	ἥκιστα	ἥκιστα	ADV	_	_	12 ἐναντιοῦσθαι	advmod	high	Degree adverb.
17	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	21 ἀνάλγητον	case	high	Preposition.
18	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	L-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	19 ἐρῶντας	det	high	Article.
19	ἐρῶντας	ἐράω	VERB	V-PAP-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	21 ἀνάλγητον	obl	high	Participle used substantivally.
20	τὸ	ὁ	DET	L-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	21 ἀνάλγητον	det	high	Article.
21	ἀνάλγητον	ἀνάλγητος	ADJ	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 ἥκιστα	obj	medium	Accusative substantive: 'insensibility'.
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἕπεται	punct	high	Punctuation.
23	ὅπου	ὅπου	SCONJ	_	_	41 ἀπήντησεν	mark	medium	Subordinating marker for temporal/relative clause.
24	καὶ	καί	ADV	_	_	41 ἀπήντησεν	advmod	medium	Focus particle/adverb.
25	Μελανίππῳ	Μελανίππος	PROPN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	41 ἀπήντησεν	iobj	high	Dative experiencer/recipient.
26	τότε	τότε	ADV	_	_	41 ἀπήντησεν	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
27	ἐθέλοντι	ἐθέλω	VERB	V-PAP-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	25 Μελανίππῳ	amod	medium	Participle agreeing with Μελανίππῳ.
28	ἐθέλουσαν	ἐθέλω	VERB	V-PAP-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	30 Κομαιθὼ	xcomp	medium	Participial complement, probably with Κομαιθώ.
29	ἄγεσθαι	ἄγω	VERB	V-PMN	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	28 ἐθέλουσαν	xcomp	high	Infinitive complement of ἐθέλουσαν.
30	Κομαιθὼ	Κομαιθώ	PROPN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	28 ἐθέλουσαν	nsubj	medium	Likely subject of ἐθέλουσαν.
31	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	_	_	41 ἀπήντησεν	cc	high	First of paired negatives.
32	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	_	_	35 γονέων	case	high	Preposition with genitive.
33	τῶν	ὁ	DET	L-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	35 γονέων	det	high	Article.
34	ἑαυτοῦ	ἑαυτοῦ	PRON	P-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Reflex=Yes	35 γονέων	det	medium	Possessive/reflexive modifier.
35	γονέων	γονεύς	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	41 ἀπήντησεν	obl	high	Prepositional complement.
36	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	_	_	41 ἀπήντησεν	cc	high	Second of paired negatives.
37	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	_	_	39 Κομαιθοῦς	case	high	Preposition with genitive.
38	τῶν	ὁ	DET	L-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	39 Κομαιθοῦς	det	high	Article.
39	Κομαιθοῦς	Κομαιθώ	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	41 ἀπήντησεν	obl	high	Genitive complement of παρὰ.
40	ἥμερον	ἥμερος	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	41 ἀπήντησεν	obj	medium	Likely adverbial/inner object; syntax is difficult.
41	ἀπήντησεν	ἀπαντάω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	1 ἕπεται	advcl	high	Finite clause dependent on ἕπεται.
42	οὐδέν	οὐδείς	PRON	P-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	41 ἀπήντησεν	obj	high	Object of ἀπήντησεν.
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἕπεται	punct	high	Punctuation.

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