Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 7.19.3

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Passage 7.19.3

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4sentences parsed

90Greek tokens

3,128input tokens

6,459output tokens

Sentence 1

7.19.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 25
Input: 796
Output: 1,678
Total: 2,474

ἐπέδειξε δὲ ἐπὶ πολλῶν τε δὴ ἄλλων καὶ ἐν τοῖς Μελανίππου παθήμασιν, ὡς μέτεστιν ἔρωτι καὶ ἀνθρώπων συγχέαι νόμιμα καὶ ἀνατρέψαι θεῶν τιμάς,

The ὡς-clause is content of ἐπέδειξε; μέτεστιν is impersonal with dative ἔρωτι and coordinates the aorist infinitives συγχέαι and ἀνατρέψαι.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐπέδειξε	ἐπιδείκνυμι	VERB	V-AIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἐπέδειξε	cc	high
3	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	4 πολλῶν	case	high
4	πολλῶν	πολύς	ADJ	A-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	1 ἐπέδειξε	obl	medium	Substantival genitive after ἐπί; exact semantic relation is elliptical.
5	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	7 ἄλλων	cc	high
6	δὴ	δή	PART	PART	_	7 ἄλλων	discourse	high
7	ἄλλων	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 πολλῶν	conj	medium	Substantival genitive coordinated with πολλῶν.
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	12 παθήμασιν	cc	high
9	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	12 παθήμασιν	case	high
10	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	12 παθήμασιν	det	high
11	Μελανίππου	Μελάνιππος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 παθήμασιν	nmod	high
12	παθήμασιν	πάθημα	NOUN	N-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	1 ἐπέδειξε	obl	high
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἐπέδειξε	punct	high
14	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	15 μέτεστιν	mark	high	Introduces the content clause.
15	μέτεστιν	μέτειμι	VERB	V-PIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	1 ἐπέδειξε	ccomp	high	Impersonal μέτεστιν governs the dative ἔρωτι.
16	ἔρωτι	ἔρως	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 μέτεστιν	obl	high
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	19 συγχέαι	cc	high
18	ἀνθρώπων	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 συγχέαι	obj	medium	Genitive object with συγχέαι, dependent on the infinitive construction.
19	συγχέαι	συγχέω	VERB	V-AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	15 μέτεστιν	xcomp	medium	Aorist infinitive coordinated with ἀνατρέψαι; construction under μέτεστιν is somewhat compressed.
20	νόμιμα	νόμιμος	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	19 συγχέαι	obj	high	Neuter plural substantive.
21	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	22 ἀνατρέψαι	cc	high
22	ἀνατρέψαι	ἀνατρέπω	VERB	V-AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	19 συγχέαι	conj	medium	Coordinated infinitive; attachment to συγχέαι reflects the shared infinitival complement.
23	θεῶν	θεός	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	24 τιμάς	nmod	high
24	τιμάς	τιμή	NOUN	N-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	22 ἀνατρέψαι	obj	high
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἐπέδειξε	punct	high

Sentence 2

7.19.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 18
Input: 746
Output: 1,359
Total: 2,105

ὅπου καὶ τότε ἐν τῷ τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερῷ Κομαιθὼ καὶ Μελάνιππος καὶ ἐξέπλησαν τοῦ ἔρωτος τὴν ὁρμήν.

The clause is syntactically straightforward except for the unusual verb form ἐξέπλησαν and the connective καὶ immediately before it; the names form a coordinated subject.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὅπου	ὅπου	ADV	Adverb	PronType=Rel	13 ἐξέπλησαν	advmod	high	Relative adverb introducing the subordinate clause.
2	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	13 ἐξέπλησαν	cc	high	Coordinating connective.
3	τότε	τότε	ADV	Adverb	AdvType=Tim	13 ἐξέπλησαν	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
4	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	Prep	_	8 ἱερῷ	case	high	Preposition governing the dative phrase.
5	τῷ	ὁ	DET	Art.Dat.Sg.Masc	Case=Dat\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 ἱερῷ	det	high	Article modifying ἱερῷ.
6	τῆς	ὁ	DET	Art.Gen.Sg.Fem	Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 Ἀρτέμιδος	det	high	Article modifying Ἀρτέμιδος.
7	Ἀρτέμιδος	Ἄρτεμις	PROPN	Propn.Gen.Sg.Fem	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 ἱερῷ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἱερῷ.
8	ἱερῷ	ἱερόν	NOUN	Noun.Dat.Sg.Neut	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 ἐξέπλησαν	obl	high	Locative oblique phrase: in the sanctuary.
9	Κομαιθὼ	Κομαιθώ	PROPN	Propn.Nom.Sg.Fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 ἐξέπλησαν	nsubj	high	First coordinated nominative subject.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	11 Μελάνιππος	cc	high	Coordinator joining the personal names.
11	Μελάνιππος	Μελάνιππος	PROPN	Propn.Nom.Sg.Masc	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 Κομαιθὼ	conj	high	Second coordinated subject.
12	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	13 ἐξέπλησαν	cc	medium	Connective before the finite verb; possibly reflects coordination or discourse linkage.
13	ἐξέπλησαν	ἐκπλήσσω	VERB	Vb.Ind.Aor.Act.3Pl	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	medium	Aorist active indicative, 3rd plural; spelling and syntax are unusual, so tense/aspect is represented cautiously.
14	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	Art.Gen.Sg.Masc	Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ἔρωτος	det	high	Article modifying ἔρωτος.
15	ἔρωτος	ἔρως	NOUN	Noun.Gen.Sg.Masc	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 ὁρμήν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ὁρμήν.
16	τὴν	ὁ	DET	Art.Acc.Sg.Fem	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 ὁρμήν	det	high	Article modifying ὁρμήν.
17	ὁρμήν	ὁρμή	NOUN	Noun.Acc.Sg.Fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 ἐξέπλησαν	obj	high	Accusative object of ἐξέπλησαν.
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐξέπλησαν	punct	high

Sentence 3

7.19.3 sentence 3

Tokens: 15
Input: 701
Output: 1,119
Total: 1,820

καὶ οἱ μὲν ἔμελλον τῷ ἱερῷ καὶ ἐς τὸ ἔπειτα ἴσα καὶ θαλάμῳ χρήσεσθαι·

The subject οἱ μέν is understood as masculine plural; ἔμελλον governs the future infinitive χρήσεσθαι. The datives τῷ ἱερῷ and θαλάμῳ are coordinated complements of χρήσεσθαι, while ἐς τὸ ἔπειτα is temporal; ἴσα is an adverbial accusative meaning similarly/equally. The exact semantic force of ἴσα with the coordinated datives is somewhat context-dependent.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	4 ἔμελλον	cc	high
2	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 ἔμελλον	nsubj	high	Substantivized article, subject of ἔμελλον.
3	μὲν	μέν	PART	PART	_	4 ἔμελλον	discourse	high	Correlative particle; counterpart may occur in surrounding context.
4	ἔμελλον	μέλλω	VERB	V-IAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
5	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-SD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἱερῷ	det	high
6	ἱερῷ	ἱερός	NOUN	A-SD-N	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	14 χρήσεσθαι	obl	high	Dative complement of χρήσεσθαι.
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 χρήσεσθαι	cc	high	Coordinates the second dative complement.
8	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	10 ἔπειτα	case	high
9	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-SA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ἔπειτα	det	high	Part of the substantivized temporal phrase τὸ ἔπειτα.
10	ἔπειτα	ἔπειτα	ADV	ADV	_	14 χρήσεσθαι	obl	high	Temporal adverb substantivized with τὸ.
11	ἴσα	ἴσος	ADV	ADV	_	14 χρήσεσθαι	advmod	medium	Adverbial accusative; may mean ‘equally/in the same way’.
12	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 χρήσεσθαι	cc	high	Coordinates θαλάμῳ with τῷ ἱερῷ.
13	θαλάμῳ	θάλαμος	NOUN	N-SM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 χρήσεσθαι	obl	high	Second dative complement of χρήσεσθαι.
14	χρήσεσθαι	χράομαι	VERB	V-FMN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Fut\|Voice=Mid	4 ἔμελλον	xcomp	high	Future infinitive governed by ἔμελλον; χράομαι takes a dative complement.
15	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἔμελλον	punct	high

Sentence 4

7.19.3 sentence 4

Tokens: 32
Input: 885
Output: 2,303
Total: 3,188

τοὺς δὲ ἀνθρώπους αὐτίκα ἐξ Ἀρτέμιδος μήνιμα ἔφθειρε, τῆς τε γῆς καρπὸν οὐδένα ἀποδιδούσης καὶ νόσοι σφίσιν οὐ κατὰ τὰ εἰωθότα καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτῶν θάνατοι πλείονες ἢ τὰ πρότερα ἐγίνοντο.

The accusative τοὺς ἀνθρώπους is the object of ἔφθειρε; μήνιμα is the subject. The genitive absolute τῆς γῆς ... ἀποδιδούσης is coordinated with the following clause, whose subject νόσοι is followed by an instrumental/ethical dative σφίσιν. The final comparison ἢ τὰ πρότερα modifies πλείονες.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T-AMP	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	3 ἀνθρώπους	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G-	_	8 ἔφθειρε	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἀνθρώπους	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N-AMP	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 ἔφθειρε	obj	high
4	αὐτίκα	αὐτίκα	ADV	D--------	_	8 ἔφθειρε	advmod	high
5	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	P	_	6 Ἀρτέμιδος	case	high
6	Ἀρτέμιδος	Ἄρτεμις	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 μήνιμα	nmod	high	Source/origin genitive governed by ἐξ.
7	μήνιμα	μήνιμα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 ἔφθειρε	nsubj	high
8	ἔφθειρε	φθείρω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἔφθειρε	punct	high
10	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	12 γῆς	det	high
11	τε	τε	CCONJ	G-	_	15 ἀποδιδούσης	cc	high	First member of τε ... καὶ coordination.
12	γῆς	γῆ	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 ἀποδιδούσης	nsubj	high	Subject of the genitive absolute.
13	καρπὸν	καρπός	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ἀποδιδούσης	obj	high
14	οὐδένα	οὐδείς	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Neg	13 καρπὸν	det	high	Negative attributive pronoun.
15	ἀποδιδούσης	ἀποδίδωμι	VERB	V-PAP-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	8 ἔφθειρε	advcl	high	Genitive absolute; coordinated with the following circumstance.
16	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G-	_	17 νόσοι	cc	high	Coordinates the second adverse circumstance/clause.
17	νόσοι	νόσος	NOUN	N-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	31 ἐγίνοντο	nsubj	high
18	σφίσιν	σφεῖς	PRON	P-DMP	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	17 νόσοι	iobj	medium	Dative of reference/affected persons; syntactically attached to νόσοι.
19	οὐ	οὐ	PART	D--------	Polarity=Neg	22 εἰωθότα	advmod	high
20	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	P	_	22 εἰωθότα	case	high
21	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	22 εἰωθότα	det	high
22	εἰωθότα	εἴωθα	VERB	V-RAP-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	31 ἐγίνοντο	advmod	medium	Substantivized perfect participle, ‘customary/usual’; κατά phrase modifies the manner or norm of occurrence.
23	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G-	_	26 θάνατοι	cc	high	Coordinates the second subject-like phrase.
24	ἀπʼ	ἀπό	ADP	P	_	25 αὐτῶν	case	high
25	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-GMP	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	26 θάνατοι	nmod	high	Source phrase: deaths from them.
26	θάνατοι	θάνατος	NOUN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	31 ἐγίνοντο	nsubj	high	Coordinated subject of ἐγίνοντο.
27	πλείονες	πολύς	ADJ	A-NPM-C	Case=Nom\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	26 θάνατοι	amod	high	Comparative predicate adjective.
28	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	G-	_	27 πλείονες	cc	high	Introduces the comparative standard.
29	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	30 πρότερα	det	high
30	πρότερα	πρότερος	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	27 πλείονες	obl	high	Substantivized comparative standard, ‘earlier [ones]’.
31	ἐγίνοντο	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-IMI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Mid	8 ἔφθειρε	conj	high	Finite verb in the coordinated clause; semantically ‘there came to be/occurred’.
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	31 ἐγίνοντο	punct	high

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