Grammar parses for passage 7.19.7
Open translation for this passage
λέγονται δὲ καὶ ἄλλοι λόγοι δύο ἐς αὐτήν, ὡς ὅτε ἔφυγεν Αἰνείας, ἀπολίποι ταύτην τὴν λάρνακα·
The sentence has a passive reporting frame λέγονται λόγοι, with ἐς αὐτήν expressing the subject matter. The ὡς-clause reports a traditional account: ὅτε ἔφυγεν Αἰνείας, ἀπολίποι is best read as an oblique optative, though its temporal/modal relation is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγονται | λέγω | VERB | V-PII-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 5 λόγοι | acl:relcl | high | Passive reporting verb; subject is λόγοι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγονται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἄλλοι | advmod | high | Adverbial καί modifying ἄλλοι. |
| 4 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 λόγοι | amod | high | |
| 5 | λόγοι | λόγος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject of λέγονται. |
| 6 | δύο | δύο | NUM | XN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 λόγοι | nummod | high | Numeral modifying λόγοι. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 αὐτήν | case | high | |
| 8 | αὐτήν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 λόγοι | obl | high | Object of ἐς; refers to the object/place under discussion. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 λόγοι | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἀπολίποι | mark | medium | Introduces reported content associated with ἀπολίποι. |
| 11 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἔφυγεν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 12 | ἔφυγεν | φεύγω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 ἀπολίποι | advcl | high | Temporal clause modifying ἀπολίποι. |
| 13 | Αἰνείας | Αἰνείας | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἔφυγεν | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔφυγεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἀπολίποι | ἀπολείπω | VERB | V-2AAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 λέγονται | ccomp | medium | Oblique optative in reported discourse; subject is understood Αἰνείας. |
| 16 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | D-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 λάρνακα | det | high | |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 λάρνακα | det | high | |
| 18 | λάρνακα | λάρναξ | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἀπολίποι | obj | high | |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγονται | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ ῥιφῆναί φασιν αὐτὴν ὑπὸ Κασσάνδρας συμφορὰν τῷ εὑρόντι Ἑλλήνων.
The subject οἱ is substantivized and governs φασιν; the infinitival clause has ῥιφῆναί as its passive aorist infinitive, αὐτὴν as subject, ὑπὸ Κασσάνδρας as agent, and συμφορὰν ... τῷ εὑρόντι Ἑλλήνων as the predicative/result complement, with an elliptical or compressed construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 φασιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized article, ‘the men/they’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 φασιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ῥιφῆναί | ῥίπτω | VERB | V--APP----I | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 4 φασιν | ccomp | high | Aorist passive infinitive; ῥιφῆναι with movable accent. |
| 4 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-SAF----A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 3 ῥιφῆναί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 6 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R | _ | 7 Κασσάνδρας | case | high | Agent preposition with genitive. |
| 7 | Κασσάνδρας | Κασσάνδρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ῥιφῆναί | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive infinitive. |
| 8 | συμφορὰν | συμφορά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ῥιφῆναί | obj | medium | Accusative complement/predicative noun associated with the infinitive; construction is compressed. |
| 9 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 εὑρόντι | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 10 | εὑρόντι | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-AAPDSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 συμφορὰν | obl | medium | Substantivized dative aorist participle, ‘for/to the finder’; syntactic relation to συμφοράν is compressed. |
| 11 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 εὑρόντι | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on the substantivized participle: ‘of the Greeks’. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 φασιν | punct | high |
τὰ μὲν δὴ πλείονα ἐμαίνετο, ὀλιγάκις δὲ ἐγίνετο ἐν ἑαυτῷ.
The contrastive μέν...δέ coordinates two clauses; τὰ πλείονα is a substantivized neuter plural accusative, while ἐν ἑαυτῷ expresses the state of being in one's right mind/self. The subject of both imperfects is contextually understood.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 πλείονα | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 5 ἐμαίνετο | discourse | high | First member of μέν...δέ contrast. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | X | _ | 5 ἐμαίνετο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | πλείονα | πολύς | ADJ | A-APN-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐμαίνετο | obj | medium | Substantivized comparative: 'the greater part/more things'; exact semantic scope is context-dependent. |
| 5 | ἐμαίνετο | μαίνομαι | VERB | V-IIM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐμαίνετο | punct | high | |
| 7 | ὀλιγάκις | ὀλιγάκις | ADV | D | _ | 9 ἐγίνετο | advmod | high | |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | PART | X | _ | 9 ἐγίνετο | cc | high | Second member of μέν...δέ contrast. |
| 9 | ἐγίνετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-IIM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐμαίνετο | conj | high | Coordinated imperfect clause with contextually understood subject. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | AdpType=Prep | 11 ἑαυτῷ | case | high | |
| 11 | ἑαυτῷ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-3ASM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Rcp | 9 ἐγίνετο | obl | medium | Reflexive dative governed by ἐν; may be rendered 'in his right mind/in himself'. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐγίνετο | punct | high |
ἅτε δὲ οὕτω διακείμενος οὐκ ἐς τὴν Θεσσαλίαν τὸν πλοῦν ἐποιεῖτο, ἀλλʼ ἐπί τε Κίρραν καὶ ἐς τὸν ταύτῃ κόλπον·
Concessive ἅτε-clause: διακείμενος agrees with the implicit subject of ἐποιεῖτο; πλοῦν is the accusative object, with coordinated destinations Κίρραν and τὸν ... κόλπον. The participial construction is syntactically clear, though ἅτε may be treated as a subordinating particle or adverbial marker.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 4 διακείμενος | mark | high | Concessive marker introducing the participial clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 11 ἐποιεῖτο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 4 διακείμενος | advmod | high | Manner adverb modifying διακείμενος. |
| 4 | διακείμενος | διάκειμαι | VERB | VPPMSNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 11 ἐποιεῖτο | advcl | high | Concessive circumstantial participle, agreeing with the implicit subject. |
| 5 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 11 ἐποιεῖτο | advmod | high | Negates ἐποιεῖτο. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Θεσσαλίαν | case | high | Preposition governing τὴν Θεσσαλίαν. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RAFS---- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Θεσσαλίαν | det | high | |
| 8 | Θεσσαλίαν | Θεσσαλία | PROPN | NPFA---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πλοῦν | nmod | high | Destination expression modifying πλοῦν. |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RΑΜS---- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 πλοῦν | det | high | |
| 10 | πλοῦν | πλόος | NOUN | NAMS---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐποιεῖτο | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐποιεῖτο; destination modifiers specify its course. |
| 11 | ἐποιεῖτο | ποιέω | VERB | VIMI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle idiom ποιεῖσθαι τὸν πλοῦν, 'make/take the voyage'. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐποιεῖτο | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀλλʼ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἐποιεῖτο | cc | high | Adversative coordinator introducing the corrected destination. |
| 14 | ἐπί | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Κίρραν | case | high | Preposition governing Κίρραν. |
| 15 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 Κίρραν | cc | high | Correlative coordinator, pairing Κίρραν with the following destination. |
| 16 | Κίρραν | Κίρρα | PROPN | NPFA---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πλοῦν | nmod | high | First coordinated destination. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 κόλπον | cc | high | Coordinates the second destination with Κίρραν. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 κόλπον | case | high | Preposition governing τὸν ... κόλπον. |
| 19 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RAMS---- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 κόλπον | det | high | |
| 20 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | ADV | DD-------- | PronType=Dem | 21 κόλπον | advmod | high | Adverbial dative, 'thereby/thereabout', modifying κόλπον. |
| 21 | κόλπον | κόλπος | NOUN | NAMS---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 πλοῦν | nmod | high | Second coordinated destination, governed by ἐς. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐποιεῖτο | punct | high |
ἀναβὰς δὲ ἐς Δελφοὺς ἐχρᾶτο ὑπὲρ τῆς νόσου.
The aorist participle ἀναβάς is a circumstantial subject-oriented participle with δέ; ἐχρᾶτο governs the dative-like prepositional phrase ὑπὲρ τῆς νόσου, here meaning consulting the oracle about the illness. The exact sense of χράομαι with ὑπέρ is somewhat idiomatic.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναβὰς | ἀναβαίνω | VERB | VAAP-SNM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 5 ἐχρᾶτο | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, agreeing with the implicit subject of ἐχρᾶτο. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐχρᾶτο | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Δελφοὺς | case | high | Variant form of εἰς, introducing the destination. |
| 4 | Δελφοὺς | Δελφοί | PROPN | NPM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 1 ἀναβὰς | obl | high | Place name governed by ἐς; destination of ἀναβάς. |
| 5 | ἐχρᾶτο | χράομαι | VERB | VIAI3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person= third|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect middle/deponent finite verb; subject is understood from context. |
| 6 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 νόσου | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive phrase. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | DAFS | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 8 νόσου | det | high | Article agreeing with νόσου. |
| 8 | νόσου | νόσος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 5 ἐχρᾶτο | obl | high | Genitive object of ὑπέρ within the prepositional phrase. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 5 ἐχρᾶτο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |