Grammar parses for passage 7.2.1
Open translation for this passage
ἔτεσι δὲ οὐ πολλοῖς ὕστερον Μέδων καὶ Νειλεὺς πρεσβύτατοι τῶν Κόδρου παίδων ἐστασίασαν ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀρχῆς, καὶ οὐκ ἔφασκεν ὁ Νειλεὺς ἀνέξεσθαι βασιλευόμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ Μέδοντος, ὅτι ὁ Μέδων τὸν ἕτερον ἦν τῶν ποδῶν χωλός·
The main difficulty is the second clause: ἀνέξεσθαι is complemented by a participial clause βασιλευόμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ Μέδοντος, and the ὅτι-clause contains the somewhat elliptical expression τὸν ἕτερον ἦν τῶν ποδῶν χωλός.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔτεσι | ἔτος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ὕστερον | obl | high | Dative of time within which/after which. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 ἐστασίασαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 4 πολλοῖς | advmod | high | Negator modifying πολλοῖς. |
| 4 | πολλοῖς | πολύς | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἔτεσι | amod | high | Agrees with ἔτεσι. |
| 5 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D | _ | 13 ἐστασίασαν | advmod | high | Adverb of time. |
| 6 | Μέδων | Μέδων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐστασίασαν | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 Νειλεὺς | cc | high | Coordinator within subject phrase. |
| 8 | Νειλεὺς | Νειλεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Μέδων | conj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 9 | πρεσβύτατοι | πρεσβύτατος | ADJ | A-NPM-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Μέδων | appos | medium | Appositive/predicate-like modifier of the coordinated subjects. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---g | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 παίδων | det | high | Article with Κόδρου παίδων. |
| 11 | Κόδρου | Κόδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 παίδων | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of παίδων. |
| 12 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 πρεσβύτατοι | nmod | high | Genitive phrase modifying πρεσβύτατοι. |
| 13 | ἐστασίασαν | στασιάζω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 14 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R | _ | 16 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Preposition governing ἀρχῆς. |
| 15 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---g | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 ἀρχῆς | det | high | Article with ἀρχῆς. |
| 16 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐστασίασαν | obl | high | Object of ὑπέρ. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐστασίασαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ἔφασκεν | cc | high | Coordinator linking clauses. |
| 19 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 20 ἔφασκεν | advmod | high | Negation of ἔφασκεν. |
| 20 | ἔφασκεν | φημί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 13 ἐστασίασαν | conj | high | Coordinated with ἐστασίασαν. |
| 21 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---n | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 Νειλεὺς | det | high | Article with Νειλεὺς. |
| 22 | Νειλεὺς | Νειλεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἔφασκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔφασκεν. |
| 23 | ἀνέξεσθαι | ἀνέχομαι | VERB | V-FN--M | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 20 ἔφασκεν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive. |
| 24 | βασιλευόμενος | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PPP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 23 ἀνέξεσθαι | advcl | medium | Participial clause with passive form; syntactic attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 25 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R | _ | 27 Μέδοντος | case | high | Preposition governing Μέδοντος. |
| 26 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---g | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 Μέδοντος | det | high | Article with Μέδοντος. |
| 27 | Μέδοντος | Μέδων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 βασιλευόμενος | obl | high | Agent of passive participle. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔφασκεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 29 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C | _ | 34 ἦν | mark | high | Introduces causal clause. |
| 30 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---n | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 31 Μέδων | det | high | Article with Μέδων. |
| 31 | Μέδων | Μέδων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 χωλός | nsubj | high | Subject of χωλός. |
| 32 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---a | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 ἕτερον | det | high | Article with ἕτερον. |
| 33 | ἕτερον | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 χωλός | obj | medium | Accusative noun/adjective phrase; likely part of idiom τὸν ἕτερον τῶν ποδῶν. |
| 34 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 37 χωλός | cop | high | Copula. |
| 35 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---g | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 36 ποδῶν | det | high | Article with ποδῶν. |
| 36 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 ἕτερον | nmod | high | Genitive partitive/genitive of comparison with ἕτερον. |
| 37 | χωλός | χωλός | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἔφασκεν | ccomp | high | Predicate adjective in the ὅτι-clause. |
| 38 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐστασίασαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
δόξαν δέ σφισιν ἀνενεγκεῖν ἐς τὸ χρηστήριον τὸ ἐν Δελφοῖς, δίδωσι Μέδοντι ἡ Πυθία βασιλείαν τὴν Ἀθηναίων.
Syntax is slightly compressed: δόξαν ἀνενεγκεῖν forms an infinitival clause with dative σφισιν, while the main clause has δίδωσι with the Pythia as subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 δίδωσι | advcl | medium | Aorist participial/nominal reading possible; taken as circumstantial object of inner speech context. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 δίδωσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3p | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 4 ἀνενεγκεῖν | iobj | high | Dative of recipient/possessor with infinitive. |
| 4 | ἀνενεγκεῖν | ἀναφέρω | VERB | V-ANP | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 δόξαν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive dependent on δόξαν. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 4 ἀνενεγκεῖν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 χρηστήριον | det | high | Article modifying χρηστήριον. |
| 7 | χρηστήριον | χρηστήριον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἀνενεγκεῖν | obl | high | Goal of motion with ἐς. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 χρηστήριον | det | high | Article introducing the relative-like participial modifier. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 12 δίδωσι | case | high | Preposition modifying Δελφοῖς. |
| 10 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 χρηστήριον | nmod | high | Locative modifier of χρηστήριον. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 δίδωσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | δίδωσι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 13 | Μέδοντι | Μέδων | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 δίδωσι | iobj | high | Indirect object. |
| 14 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Πυθία | det | high | Article with Πυθία. |
| 15 | Πυθία | Πυθία | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 δίδωσι | nsubj | high | Subject of δίδωσι. |
| 16 | βασιλείαν | βασιλεία | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 δίδωσι | obj | high | Direct object. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Ἀθηναίων | det | high | Article with Ἀθηναίων. |
| 18 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 βασιλείαν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of βασιλείαν; adjective used substantively/ethnically. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 δίδωσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
οὕτω δὴ ὁ Νειλεὺς καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ τῶν Κόδρου παίδων ἐς ἀποικίαν ἀπεστάλησαν, ἀγαγόντες μὲν καὶ αὐτῶν Ἀθηναίων τὸν βουλόμενον, τὸ δὲ πλεῖστόν σφισιν ἦσαν τοῦ στρατεύματος οἱ Ἴωνες.
The clause after the comma is loosely coordinated/parenthetical; ἦσαν is taken as a separate root with an implied predicate complement ('they were mostly Ionians of the army').
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 ἀπεστάλησαν | advmod | high | Modifies the passive verb of sending. |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 ἀπεστάλησαν | discourse | high | Discourse particle. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Νειλεὺς | det | high | Article with Νειλεὺς. |
| 4 | Νειλεὺς | Νειλεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀπεστάλησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of ἀπεστάλησαν. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 Νειλεὺς | cc | high | Coordinates Νειλεὺς with οἱ λοιποί. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 λοιποὶ | det | high | Article with λοιποί. |
| 7 | λοιποὶ | λοιπός | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Νειλεὺς | conj | high | Second coordinated subject phrase. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 παίδων | det | high | Article with Κόδρου παίδων. |
| 9 | Κόδρου | Κόδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 παίδων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of παίδων. |
| 10 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 λοιποὶ | nmod | high | Genitive complement of λοιποί ('the remaining of the children of Codrus'). |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 ἀποικίαν | case | high | Preposition governing ἀποικίαν. |
| 12 | ἀποικίαν | ἀποικία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἀπεστάλησαν | obl | high | Oblique destination phrase. |
| 13 | ἀπεστάλησαν | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀπεστάλησαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | ἀγαγόντες | ἄγω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἀπεστάλησαν | advcl | high | Participial circumstance; agrees with the sent subjects. |
| 16 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 15 ἀγαγόντες | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 Ἀθηναίων | cc | high | Coordinates αὐτῶν and Ἀθηναίων. |
| 18 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 19 Ἀθηναίων | nmod | high | Possessive/genitive modifier of Ἀθηναίων. |
| 19 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 βουλόμενον | nmod | medium | Best analyzed as a substantival adjective modifying βουλόμενον. |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 βουλόμενον | det | high | Article with βουλόμενον. |
| 21 | βουλόμενον | βούλομαι | VERB | V-PMP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 15 ἀγαγόντες | obj | high | Object of ἀγαγόντες: 'bringing along whoever wished'. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀγαγόντες | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 23 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 πλεῖστόν | det | high | Article with πλεῖστόν. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 27 ἦσαν | discourse | high | Connective particle introducing contrast. |
| 25 | πλεῖστόν | πολύς | ADJ | A-NSN-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 ἦσαν | advmod | medium | Neuter superlative adverbially: 'for the most part' / 'mostly'. |
| 26 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 27 ἦσαν | iobj | high | Dative with ἦσαν. |
| 27 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IXI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Likely appositional/parenthetical clause with omitted predicate complement. |
| 28 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 29 στρατεύματος | det | high | Article with στρατεύματος. |
| 29 | στρατεύματος | στράτευμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 ἦσαν | nmod | high | Genitive complement with ἦσαν/πλεῖστόν. |
| 30 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 31 Ἴωνες | det | high | Article with Ἴωνες. |
| 31 | Ἴωνες | Ἴωνες | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦσαν. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀπεστάλησαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |