Grammar parses for passage 7.2.11
Open translation for this passage
κατὰ τὴν Μυουσίαν χώραν θαλάσσης κόλπος ἐσεῖχεν οὐ μέγας·
Straightforward clause; the main ambiguity is whether Μυουσίαν is best treated as a proper adjective or proper noun in apposition to χώραν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R | AdpType=Prep | 4 χώραν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 2 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 χώραν | det | high | Definite article modifying χώραν. |
| 3 | Μυουσίαν | Μυουσία | PROPN | Nea | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 χώραν | amod | medium | Proper-name adjective used attributively; morphology somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N--saf- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐσεῖχεν | obl | high | Object of κατὰ, dependent on the verb. |
| 5 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-s---f | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 κόλπος | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of κόλπος. |
| 6 | κόλπος | κόλπος | NOUN | N--msn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐσεῖχεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐσεῖχεν. |
| 7 | ἐσεῖχεν | ἐνέχω | VERB | V3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb, sentence root. |
| 8 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D | _ | 7 ἐσεῖχεν | advmod | high | Negation particle modifying the verb. |
| 9 | μέγας | μέγας | ADJ | A--msn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 κόλπος | amod | high | Predicate/attributive adjective agreeing with κόλπος. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐσεῖχεν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τοῦτον λίμνην ὁ ποταμὸς ἐποίησεν ὁ Μαίανδρος, ἀποτεμόμενος τὸν ἔσπλουν τῇ ἰλύι· ὡς δὲ ἐνόστησε τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ οὐκέτι ἦν θάλασσα, οἱ κώνωπες ἄπειρον πλῆθος ἐγίνοντο ἐκ τῆς λίμνης, ἐς ὃ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἠνάγκασαν ἐκλιπεῖν τὴν πόλιν.
The syntax is somewhat loose: the participial phrase ἀποτεμόμενος depends on ἐποίησεν, and the later ἐνόστησε/ἦν and ἠνάγκασαν clauses are coordinated narrative continuations with a relative-purpose construction ἐς ὃ introducing the final result.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | Pd-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 λίμνην | det | high | Modifies λίμνην; demonstrative used adjectivally. |
| 2 | λίμνην | λίμνη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποίησεν. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Df-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ποταμὸς | det | high | Article with ποταμός. |
| 4 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποίησεν. |
| 5 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb of first clause. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Df-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Μαίανδρος | det | high | Article with Μαίανδρος. |
| 7 | Μαίανδρος | Μαίανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ποταμὸς | appos | medium | Apposition to ποταμός. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ἀποτεμόμενος | ἀποτέμνω | VERB | V-AMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐποίησεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying ἐποίησεν. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Df-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ἔσπλουν | det | high | Article with ἔσπλουν. |
| 11 | ἔσπλουν | ἔσπλους | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀποτεμόμενος | obj | medium | Likely object of ἀποτεμόμενος; spelling/lemma somewhat uncertain. |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | Df-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ἰλύι | det | high | Article with ἰλύι. |
| 13 | ἰλύι | ἰλύς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀποτεμόμενος | obl | high | Instrument/comitative dative with ἀποτεμόμενος. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G | _ | 17 ἐνόστησε | mark | high | Marks temporal clause. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 17 ἐνόστησε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 17 | ἐνόστησε | νοστέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 29 ἐγίνοντο | advcl | medium | Temporal subordinate clause; clause head attached to ἐγίνοντο. |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Df-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 ὕδωρ | det | high | Article with ὕδωρ. |
| 19 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἐνόστησε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐνόστησε. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G | _ | 22 ἦν | cc | high | Coordinates with ἐνόστησε. |
| 21 | οὐκέτι | οὐκέτι | ADV | D | _ | 22 ἦν | advmod | high | Negating adverb. |
| 22 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IXAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 17 ἐνόστησε | conj | high | Coordinated verb with ἐνόστησε. |
| 23 | θάλασσα | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 25 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | Df-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 26 κώνωπες | det | high | Article with κώνωπες. |
| 26 | κώνωπες | κώνωψ | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐγίνοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγίνοντο. |
| 27 | ἄπειρον | ἄπειρος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 πλῆθος | amod | high | Modifies πλῆθος. |
| 28 | πλῆθος | πλῆθος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 ἐγίνοντο | obj | medium | Predicative/resultative accusative with ἐγίνοντο; function somewhat uncertain. |
| 29 | ἐγίνοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 22 ἦν | conj | high | Coordinated verb in narrative sequence. |
| 30 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 32 λίμνης | case | high | Introduces source phrase. |
| 31 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Df-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 λίμνης | det | high | Article with λίμνης. |
| 32 | λίμνης | λίμνη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 ἐγίνοντο | obl | high | Source/ablative genitive with ἐγίνοντο. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐγίνοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 34 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 38 ἠνάγκασαν | case | high | Introduces purpose/result clause. |
| 35 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | Pr-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 38 ἠνάγκασαν | obl | medium | Likely adverbial relative ‘until which point’; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 36 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | Df-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 37 ἀνθρώπους | det | high | Article with ἀνθρώπους. |
| 37 | ἀνθρώπους | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 39 ἐκλιπεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἐκλιπεῖν. |
| 38 | ἠνάγκασαν | ἀναγκάζω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 29 ἐγίνοντο | advcl | medium | Purpose/result clause introducing infinitive; could also attach more tightly to ἐγίνοντο. |
| 39 | ἐκλιπεῖν | ἐκλείπω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 38 ἠνάγκασαν | xcomp | high | Complement of ἠνάγκασαν. |
| 40 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Df-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 41 πόλιν | det | high | Article with πόλιν. |
| 41 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 ἐκλιπεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἐκλιπεῖν. |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἀπεχώρησαν δὲ ἐς Μίλητον Μυούσιοι τά τε ἄλλα ἀγώγιμα καὶ τῶν θεῶν φερόμενοι τὰ ἀγάλματα,
The syntax is a main motion clause with a circumstantial participial phrase; ἀγώγιμα is treated as a noun-like neuter plural object, though its category is somewhat adjective-like.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπεχώρησαν | ἀποχωρέω | VERB | V-AIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | X | _ | 1 ἀπεχώρησαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Μίλητον | case | high | Governed by destination noun. |
| 4 | Μίλητον | Μίλητος | PROPN | N-S---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀπεχώρησαν | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 5 | Μυούσιοι | Μυούσιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀπεχώρησαν | nsubj | high | Subject of the motion verb. |
| 6 | τά | ὁ | DET | P-PAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἀγώγιμα | det | high | Article modifying ἀγώγιμα. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 τά | cc | medium | Correlative enclitic linking phrases. |
| 8 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἀγώγιμα | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἀγώγιμα. |
| 9 | ἀγώγιμα | ἀγώγιμος | NOUN | A-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἀπεχώρησαν | obj | medium | Likely an object/appositive phrase with noun-like adjective usage. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 φερόμενοι | cc | high | Coordinates participial clause/predicate. |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 θεῶν | det | high | Article with θεῶν. |
| 12 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 φερόμενοι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of participle. |
| 13 | φερόμενοι | φέρω | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 ἀπεχώρησαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with subject. |
| 14 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἀγάλματα | det | high | Article with ἀγάλματα. |
| 15 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 φερόμενοι | obj | high | Object of φερόμενοι. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀπεχώρησαν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
καὶ ἦν κατʼ ἐμὲ οὐδὲν ἐν Μυοῦντι ὅτι μὴ Διονύσου ναὸς λίθου λευκοῦ·
The syntax is existential with ἦν and a list-like negated exception phrase introduced by ὅτι μὴ; attachment of οὐδέν and ναός is somewhat interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 ἦν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking clauses. |
| 2 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SIIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb/root. |
| 3 | κατʼ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 4 ἐμὲ | case | high | Preposition governing ἐμὲ. |
| 4 | ἐμὲ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1AS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 2 ἦν | obl | high | Object of κατὰ in idiomatic phrase κατ᾽ ἐμέ. |
| 5 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | P----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 2 ἦν | obj | medium | Predicative/accusative complement in existential clause; syntactic attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 7 Μυοῦντι | case | high | Preposition governing Μυοῦντι. |
| 7 | Μυοῦντι | Μυοῦς | PROPN | N-S---DV- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἦν | obl | medium | Dative locative proper name; form and gender somewhat uncertain. |
| 8 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | _ | _ | 11 ναὸς | mark | high | Introduces a restrictive exception phrase with μὴ. |
| 9 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | _ | 11 ναὸς | advmod | high | Negative particle in exception phrase. |
| 10 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ναὸς | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ναός. |
| 11 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Predicate/existential subject; with ὅτι μὴ exception. |
| 12 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ναὸς | nmod | high | Material genitive modifying ναός. |
| 13 | λευκοῦ | λευκός | ADJ | A-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 λίθου | amod | high | Adjective modifying λίθου. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἦν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
Μυουσίοις δέ γε κατέλαβεν ἐοικότα καὶ Ἀταρνείτας παθεῖν τοὺς ὑπὸ Περγάμῳ.
The syntax is compressed: κατέλαβεν governs an infinitival complement (παθεῖν) and a participial element (ἐοικότα), with the final prepositional phrase modifying the infinitival clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μυουσίοις | Μυούσιοι | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 κατέλαβεν | obl | high | Dative plural ethnic/proper name, dependent on κατέλαβεν. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 4 κατέλαβεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 4 κατέλαβεν | discourse | high | Enclitic emphasizing particle. |
| 4 | κατέλαβεν | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 5 | ἐοικότα | ἔοικα | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 κατέλαβεν | xcomp | medium | Accusative plural participle, likely complement of κατέλαβεν/implicit object relation. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 παθεῖν | cc | high | Coordinates the infinitive phrase with the preceding participial idea. |
| 7 | Ἀταρνείτας | Ἀταρνεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 παθεῖν | obj | high | Accusative plural object of παθεῖν. |
| 8 | παθεῖν | πάσχω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 κατέλαβεν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive dependent on κατέλαβεν. |
| 9 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 Περγάμῳ | det | high | Article modifying the prepositional phrase's head noun/implicit substantivized reference. |
| 10 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Περγάμῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 11 | Περγάμῳ | Πέργαμος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 παθεῖν | obl | medium | Dative of location with ὑπό; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |