Grammar parses for passage 7.2.5
Open translation for this passage
Μιλήσιοι δὲ αὐτοὶ τοιάδε τὰ ἀρχαιότατά σφισιν εἶναι λέγουσιν·
The clause contains an accusative-and-infinitive construction: λέγουσιν governs εἶναι, with τοιάδε as the predicative accusative and σφισιν as a dative of reference.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μιλήσιοι | Μιλήσιος | PROPN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of λέγουσιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | P-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 Μιλήσιοι | amod | medium | Likely intensifier/appositional 'the Milesians themselves'. |
| 4 | τοιάδε | τοιοσδέ | ADJ | A-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 εἶναι | obj | high | Accusative complement of εἶναι. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 ἀρχαιότατά | det | high | Article with ἀρχαιότατά. |
| 6 | ἀρχαιότατά | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-p---na-s | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 τοιάδε | amod | medium | Predicative/adjectival modifier within the accusative phrase; form is superlative neuter plural. |
| 7 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-p---d- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 εἶναι | obl | high | Dative of reference/possession with εἶναι. |
| 8 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--P--A-- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 9 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-3PPIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐπὶ γενεὰς μὲν δύο Ἀνακτορίαν καλεῖσθαι τὴν γῆν Ἄνακτός τε αὐτόχθονος καὶ Ἀστερίου βασιλεύοντος τοῦ Ἄνακτος,
The syntax is elliptical and participial: καλεῖσθαι is the main predication, with Ἀνακτορίαν and τὴν γῆν as accusative arguments and a genitive participial clause βασιλεύοντος τοῦ Ἄνακτος Ἀστερίου modifying the situation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | Case=Acc | 2 γενεὰς | case | high | Preposition governing accusative with temporal extent. |
| 2 | γενεὰς | γενεά | NOUN | N-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 καλεῖσθαι | obl | high | Accusative of extent of time with ἐπί. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 2 γενεὰς | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 4 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M--------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 2 γενεὰς | nummod | high | Agrees with γενεάς. |
| 5 | Ἀνακτορίαν | Ἀνακτορία | PROPN | N-s---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 καλεῖσθαι | obj | medium | Likely accusative subject of the infinitive καλεῖσθαι. |
| 6 | καλεῖσθαι | καλέω | VERB | V--PEN--- | Aspect=Imp|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Infinitive functioning as the clause's predication. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 γῆν | det | high | Article modifying γῆν. |
| 8 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-s---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 καλεῖσθαι | obj | high | Second accusative associated with the infinitive, likely the thing named. |
| 9 | Ἄνακτός | ἄναξ | NOUN | N-s---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 γῆν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of γῆν. |
| 10 | τε | τε | PART | G--------- | _ | 9 Ἄνακτός | cc | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 11 | αὐτόχθονος | αὐτόχθων | ADJ | A-s---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ἄνακτός | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying Ἄνακτός. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 Ἀστερίου | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 13 | Ἀστερίου | Ἀστέριος | PROPN | N-s---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 βασιλεύοντος | nsubj | medium | Genitive dependent of βασιλεύοντος; could be construed as subject of participle. |
| 14 | βασιλεύοντος | βασιλεύω | VERB | V--PAPMSG | Aspect=Imp|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 καλεῖσθαι | advcl | high | Genitive absolute-like participial clause with its subject/genitive dependents. |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Ἄνακτος | det | high | Article modifying Ἄνακτος. |
| 16 | Ἄνακτος | ἄναξ | NOUN | N-s---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 βασιλεύοντος | obl | medium | Likely genitive object/complement of βασιλεύοντος, depending on interpretation. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 καλεῖσθαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἀφίκετο δὲ ἐκ Κρήτης ὁ Μίλητος καὶ ὁ σὺν αὐτῷ στρατὸς Μίνω τὸν Εὐρώπης φεύγοντες, οἱ δὲ Κᾶρες οἱ πρότερον νεμόμενοι τὴν χώραν σύνοικοι τοῖς Κρησὶν ἐγένοντο·
Two coordinated main clauses: the first with ἀφίκετο and coordinated subjects, the second with ἐγένοντο and a participial modifier; ὁ Μίλητος is syntactically unusual and may reflect a textual or naming peculiarity.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PCL | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Κρήτης | case | high | Preposition governing Κρήτης. |
| 4 | Κρήτης | Κρήτη | PROPN | N-SF-GS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Source/location phrase with ἐκ. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-SM-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Μίλητος | det | high | Article with Μίλητος. |
| 6 | Μίλητος | Μίλητος | PROPN | N-SM-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | medium | Likely nominative subject/name; syntax is somewhat unusual. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | COORD | _ | 11 στρατὸς | cc | high | Coordinates the two subject phrases. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-SM-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 στρατὸς | det | high | Article with στρατὸς. |
| 9 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 αὐτῷ | case | high | Preposition with αὐτῷ. |
| 10 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | RP3NSD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 11 στρατὸς | obl | high | Dependent of σὺν. |
| 11 | στρατὸς | στρατός | NOUN | N-SM-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 12 | Μίνω | Μίνως | PROPN | N-SM-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 φεύγοντες | obj | medium | Accusative proper name, probably object of φεύγοντες. |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-SM-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Εὐρώπης | det | high | Article with Εὐρώπης. |
| 14 | Εὐρώπης | Εὐρώπη | PROPN | N-SF-GS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Μίνω | nmod | medium | Genitive modifier of Μίνω. |
| 15 | φεύγοντες | φεύγω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 στρατὸς | acl | high | Participial clause modifying στρατός. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
| 17 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-PM-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 Κᾶρες | det | high | Article with Κᾶρες. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PCL | _ | 28 ἐγένοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 19 | Κᾶρες | Κᾶρες | PROPN | N-PM-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγένοντο. |
| 20 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-PM-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 νεμόμενοι | det | high | Article with νεμόμενοι. |
| 21 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | B | _ | 22 νεμόμενοι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the participle. |
| 22 | νεμόμενοι | νέμομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 19 Κᾶρες | acl | high | Attributive participial phrase modifying Κᾶρες. |
| 23 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-SF-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 χώραν | det | high | Article with χώραν. |
| 24 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-SF-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 νεμόμενοι | obj | high | Object of νεμόμενοι. |
| 25 | σύνοικοι | σύνοικος | ADJ | A-PM-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ἐγένοντο | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement with ἐγένοντο. |
| 26 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-PN-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 Κρησὶν | det | high | Article with Κρησὶν. |
| 27 | Κρησὶν | Κρής | NOUN | N-PM-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 σύνοικοι | obl | high | Dative complement with σύνοικοι. |
| 28 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 29 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἐγένοντο | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |