Grammar parses for passage 7.20.8
Open translation for this passage
ἐχόντων δὲ ἤδη Λακεδαίμονα καὶ Ἄργος Δωριέων, ὑφελέσθαι Πρευγένην τῆς Λιμνάτιδος τὸ ἄγαλμα κατὰ ὄψιν ὀνείρατος λέγουσιν ἐκ Σπάρτης, κοινωνῆσαι δὲ αὐτῷ τοῦ ἐγχειρήματος τῶν δούλων τὸν εὐνούστατον.
The sentence has two coordinated infinitival clauses dependent on λέγουσιν; the opening genitive absolute is somewhat irregular in its internal syntax.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐχόντων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ὑφελέσθαι | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 ὑφελέσθαι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D | _ | 9 ὑφελέσθαι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 4 | Λακεδαίμονα | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἐχόντων | obj | medium | Object of ἔχοντων in the genitive absolute, semantically unusual but likely intended. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Λακεδαίμονα | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 6 | Ἄργος | Ἄργος | PROPN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 Λακεδαίμονα | conj | high | Conjoined with Λακεδαίμονα. |
| 7 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Λακεδαίμονα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of the cities, indicating possession/control by Dorians. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ὑφελέσθαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ὑφελέσθαι | ὑφαιρέω | VERB | V-AAMN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 18 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 10 | Πρευγένην | Πρευγένης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ὑφελέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject/object with infinitive. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Λιμνάτιδος | det | high | Article. |
| 12 | Λιμνάτιδος | Λιμνάτις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἄγαλμα. |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article. |
| 14 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ὑφελέσθαι | obj | high | Direct object of ὑφελέσθαι. |
| 15 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R | _ | 16 ὄψιν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 16 | ὄψιν | ὄψις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ὑφελέσθαι | obl | high | Prepositional phrase with κατὰ. |
| 17 | ὀνείρατος | ὄνειραρ | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ὄψιν | nmod | low | Form likely for ὀνείρατος from ὄνειρος/ὄνειρον; genitive dependent of ὄψιν. |
| 18 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 19 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 20 Σπάρτης | case | high | Preposition. |
| 20 | Σπάρτης | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ὑφελέσθαι | obl | high | Source phrase with ἐκ; semantically with λέγουσιν or the infinitive clause. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 κοινωνῆσαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | κοινωνῆσαι | κοινωνέω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 18 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Second infinitival complement coordinated with ὑφελέσθαι. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 22 κοινωνῆσαι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 24 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 22 κοινωνῆσαι | obl | high | Dative complement of κοινωνῆσαι. |
| 25 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 ἐγχειρήματος | det | high | Article. |
| 26 | ἐγχειρήματος | ἐγχείρημα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 κοινωνῆσαι | obj | high | Genitive with κοινωνέω, 'share in the undertaking'. |
| 27 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 δούλων | det | high | Article. |
| 28 | δούλων | δοῦλος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 εὐνούστατον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of εὐνούστατον. |
| 29 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 30 εὐνούστατον | det | high | Article. |
| 30 | εὐνούστατον | εὔνους | ADJ | A-ASM-SUP | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 κοινωνῆσαι | obj | medium | Likely substantive adjective referring to 'the most well-disposed [slave]'; attached as object of κοινωνῆσαι. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα τὸ ἐκ τῆς Λακεδαίμονος τὸν μὲν ἄλλον χρόνον ἔχουσιν ἐν Μεσόᾳ, ὅτι καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὑπὸ τοῦ Πρευγένους ἐς τοῦτο ἐκομίσθη τὸ χωρίον·
The syntax is centered on ἔχουσιν, with an embedded causal clause headed by ἐκομίσθη; ἄγαλμα is modified by a postposed relative/participial-style phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἄγαλμα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἔχουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔχουσιν. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article introducing participial modifier. |
| 5 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 7 Λακεδαίμονος | case | high | Marks source/origin phrase. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Λακεδαίμονος | det | high | Article with Λακεδαίμονος. |
| 7 | Λακεδαίμονος | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐκ. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 χρόνον | det | high | Article with χρόνον. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 10 ἄλλον | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 10 | ἄλλον | ἄλλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 χρόνον | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying χρόνον. |
| 11 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἔχουσιν | obj | high | Accusative of extent of time with ἔχουσιν. |
| 12 | ἔχουσιν | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 14 Μεσόᾳ | case | high | Locative preposition. |
| 14 | Μεσόᾳ | Μεσόα | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔχουσιν | obl | high | Locative complement of ἐν. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔχουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | _ | _ | 25 ἐκομίσθη | mark | high | Causal conjunction introducing clause. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | ADV | _ | _ | 25 ἐκομίσθη | advmod | medium | Likely additive/adverbial modifier of ἐκομίσθη. |
| 18 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 19 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Preposition with ἀρχῆς. |
| 19 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἐκομίσθη | obl | high | Temporal/source phrase. |
| 20 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 22 Πρευγένους | case | high | Agentive preposition. |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 Πρευγένους | det | high | Article with agent name. |
| 22 | Πρευγένους | Πρευγένης | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἐκομίσθη | obl:agent | high | Agent of passive verb. |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 24 τοῦτο | case | high | Directional preposition. |
| 24 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 25 ἐκομίσθη | obl | high | Goal/destination phrase with ἐς. |
| 25 | ἐκομίσθη | κομίζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 16 ὅτι | advcl | high | Subordinate passive clause introduced by ὅτι. |
| 26 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 χωρίον | det | high | Article with χωρίον. |
| 27 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἐκομίσθη | nsubj:pass | high | Passive subject of ἐκομίσθη. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔχουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |