Grammar parses for passage 7.21.3
Open translation for this passage
τότε δὲ τὰ χρησθέντα ἐκ Δωδώνης Διονύσου μὲν ἔλεγεν εἶναι τὸ μήνιμα, ἔσεσθαι δὲ οὐ πρότερον λύσιν πρὶν ἢ θύσῃ τῷ Διονύσῳ Κόρεσος ἢ αὐτὴν Καλλιρόην ἢ τὸν ἀποθανεῖν ἀντʼ ἐκείνης τολμήσαντα.
ἔλεγεν governs coordinated indirect statements εἶναι and ἔσεσθαι; the latter has an accusative subject λύσιν and a πρὶν ἤ clause specifying the conditions for release.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | ADV | PronType=Dem | 9 ἔλεγεν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἔλεγεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 χρησθέντα | det | high | |
| 4 | χρησθέντα | χράω | VERB | V-APP-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 9 ἔλεγεν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized passive aorist participle, ‘the things foretold/oracular responses’. |
| 5 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Δωδώνης | case | high | |
| 6 | Δωδώνης | Δωδώνη | PROPN | N-PGE | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 χρησθέντα | obl | high | |
| 7 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 μήνιμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μήνιμα: wrath of Dionysus. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 9 ἔλεγεν | discourse | high | |
| 9 | ἔλεγεν | λέγω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PXN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 μήνιμα | cop | high | Infinitival clause coordinated in content with the following ἔσεσθαι clause. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 μήνιμα | det | high | |
| 12 | μήνιμα | μήνιμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔλεγεν | obj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι in indirect statement. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔλεγεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἔσεσθαι | εἰμί | AUX | V-FXN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 9 ἔλεγεν | ccomp | high | Second infinitival content clause governed by ἔλεγεν. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἔσεσθαι | cc | high | |
| 16 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 λύσιν | advmod | high | |
| 17 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 18 λύσιν | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative ‘before’. |
| 18 | λύσιν | λύσις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἔσεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ἔσεσθαι. |
| 19 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 θύσῃ | mark | high | Introduces temporal clause with subjunctive. |
| 20 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 θύσῃ | cc | high | Correlative alternative marker. |
| 21 | θύσῃ | θύω | VERB | V-AAS-3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 λύσιν | acl | high | Temporal subordinate clause modifying λύσιν. |
| 22 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 Διονύσῳ | det | high | |
| 23 | Διονύσῳ | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 θύσῃ | iobj | high | |
| 24 | Κόρεσος | Κόρεσος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 θύσῃ | nsubj | high | |
| 25 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 Καλλιρόην | cc | high | Coordinates the second alternative subject. |
| 26 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 27 Καλλιρόην | det | medium | Intensive/self-pronoun used substantivally, ‘herself’. |
| 27 | Καλλιρόην | Καλλιρρόη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 θύσῃ | obj | high | Alternative object of θύσῃ. |
| 28 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 τολμήσαντα | cc | high | Introduces the third alternative. |
| 29 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 τολμήσαντα | det | high | |
| 30 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 33 τολμήσαντα | acl | high | Articular infinitive dependent on τὸν, ‘the one to die’. |
| 31 | ἀντʼ | ἀντί | ADP | PREP | _ | 32 ἐκείνης | case | high | |
| 32 | ἐκείνης | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | P-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 33 τολμήσαντα | obl | high | Object of ἀντί, ‘in place of her’. |
| 33 | τολμήσαντα | τολμάω | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 21 θύσῃ | obj | medium | Substantivized participle coordinated as the third alternative object; the infinitive ἀποθανεῖν completes its meaning. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔλεγεν | punct | high |
ὡς δὲ οὐδὲν ἐς σωτηρίαν εὑρίσκετο ἡ παρθένος, δεύτερα ἐπὶ τοὺς θρεψαμένους καταφεύγει·
ὡς introduces a temporal/circumstantial clause; οὐδὲν is the neuter subject of the impersonal passive εὑρίσκετο, while ἡ παρθένος is the subject of καταφεύγει. δεύτερα is an adverb meaning ‘secondly/in the second place’; θρεψαμένους is an articular substantivized aorist participle, accusative masculine plural, governed by ἐπί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 εὑρίσκετο | mark | high | Temporal/circumstantial subordinator. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 καταφεύγει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | P-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 εὑρίσκετο | nsubj | high | Neuter nominal pronoun, subject of the impersonal passive verb. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 σωτηρίαν | case | high | Variant of εἰς. |
| 5 | σωτηρίαν | σωτηρία | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 εὑρίσκετο | obl | high | Accusative of goal/purpose with ἐς. |
| 6 | εὑρίσκετο | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-3IIM/P-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Pass | 14 καταφεύγει | advcl | high | Imperfect passive, ‘was found’; impersonal construction. |
| 7 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 παρθένος | det | high | |
| 8 | παρθένος | παρθένος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 καταφεύγει | nsubj | high | Subject of καταφεύγει. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 καταφεύγει | punct | high | |
| 10 | δεύτερα | δεύτερος | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 καταφεύγει | advmod | medium | Adverbial neuter plural/absolute form, ‘secondly’; exact lexical analysis is somewhat uncertain. |
| 11 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 θρεψαμένους | case | high | With accusative, indicating direction toward. |
| 12 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 θρεψαμένους | det | high | |
| 13 | θρεψαμένους | τρέφω | VERB | V-AMP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 καταφεύγει | obl | high | Substantivized articular participle, ‘those who reared [her].’ |
| 14 | καταφεύγει | καταφεύγω | VERB | V-3SPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 καταφεύγει | punct | high |
ἁμαρτάνουσα δὲ καὶ τούτων, ἐλείπετο οὐδὲν ἔτι ἢ αὐτὴν φονεύεσθαι.
The participial clause ἁμαρτάνουσα δὲ καὶ τούτων is concessive/temporal in sense; ἐλείπετο takes an infinitival complement, with αὐτήν as the accusative subject of φονεύεσθαι. ἢ introduces the limiting alternative ‘nothing remained except…’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἁμαρτάνουσα | ἁμαρτάνω | VERB | V-PAP-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἐλείπετο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, plausibly concessive with δέ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἁμαρτάνουσα | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 τούτων | cc | medium | Adverbial καί (‘also/even’) may alternatively be analyzed as ADV. |
| 4 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | D-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 1 ἁμαρτάνουσα | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἁμαρτάνω. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 ἁμαρτάνουσα | punct | high | |
| 6 | ἐλείπετο | λείπω | VERB | V-IPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Imperfect middle, impersonal ‘there remained/was left’; deponent-like usage is possible. |
| 7 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 6 ἐλείπετο | nsubj | high | Neuter singular nominative, ‘nothing’; form is syncretic with accusative. |
| 8 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 ἐλείπετο | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 φονεύεσθαι | mark | medium | Introduces the exclusive infinitival complement/alternative ‘except/rather than’. |
| 10 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 11 φονεύεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the complementary infinitive. |
| 11 | φονεύεσθαι | φονεύω | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 6 ἐλείπετο | xcomp | high | Complementary present middle/passive infinitive, ‘to be killed’. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 ἐλείπετο | punct | high |