Grammar parses for passage 7.22.2
Open translation for this passage
περίβολος δὲ ἀγορᾶς μέγας κατὰ τρόπον τὸν ἀρχαιότερόν ἐστιν ἐν Φαραῖς,
The sentence has a copular predicate: περίβολος is subject, μέγας is a predicative adjective, and ἀγορᾶς is a genitive dependent on περίβολος. κατὰ τρόπον τὸν ἀρχαιότερον is an accusative adverbial phrase modifying ἐστιν; Φαραῖς is a locative ἐν-phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | περίβολος | περίβολος | NOUN | N####-MSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 9 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀγορᾶς | ἀγορά | NOUN | N####-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 περίβολος | nmod | high | |
| 4 | μέγας | μέγας | ADJ | A####-NSM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with copular ἐστιν. |
| 5 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 6 τρόπον | case | high | |
| 6 | τρόπον | τρόπος | NOUN | N####-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | obl | high | Accusative manner phrase governed by κατά. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L####-ASM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀρχαιότερόν | det | high | |
| 8 | ἀρχαιότερόν | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A####-ASM-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 τρόπον | amod | high | Comparative adjective modifying τρόπον. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 11 Φαραῖς | case | high | |
| 11 | Φαραῖς | Φαραί | PROPN | Ne---DFP | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἐστιν | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν; place-name form is plural. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high |
Ἑρμοῦ δὲ ἐν μέσῃ τῇ ἀγορᾷ λίθου πεποιημένον ἄγαλμα ἔχον καὶ γένεια· ἑστηκὼς δὲ πρὸς αὐτῇ τῇ γῇ παρέχεται μὲν τὸ τετράγωνον σχῆμα, μεγέθει δέ ἐστιν οὐ μέγας.
The first clause is an verbless/elliptical description of a Herm-shaped statue: ἄγαλμα is the main nominal, with πεποιημένον agreeing with it and ἔχον coordinated participial description. ἑστηκώς resumes the statue as subject of παρέχεται; the final clause has an implied/elliptical subject referring to the Herm, with σχῆμα as the subject complement of ἐστιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἑρμοῦ | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄγαλμα: statue of Hermes. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 ἀγορᾷ | case | high | Preposition governing μέσῃ/ἀγορᾷ phrase. |
| 4 | μέσῃ | μέσος | ADJ | A--DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀγορᾷ | amod | high | Agrees with ἀγορᾷ. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L--DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀγορᾷ | det | high | Article with ἀγορᾷ. |
| 6 | ἀγορᾷ | ἀγορά | NOUN | N--DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | obl | high | Locative adjunct with ἐν. |
| 7 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N--GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πεποιημένον | obl | high | Material genitive with πεποιημένον. |
| 8 | πεποιημένον | ποιέω | VERB | V--RMPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 9 ἄγαλμα | acl | high | Perfect middle/passive participle agreeing with ἄγαλμα. |
| 9 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N--NSN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Main nominal of the first elliptical clause. |
| 10 | ἔχον | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAPNSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἄγαλμα | conj | high | Participial description coordinated with the preceding participle. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἔχον | cc | high | Coordinates the objects/features. |
| 12 | γένεια | γένειον | NOUN | N--NPN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plural | 10 ἔχον | obj | medium | Likely neuter plural nominative, object-like complement of ἔχον; form is ambiguous with accusative plural. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἄγαλμα | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἑστηκὼς | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RAPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 20 παρέχεται | advcl | high | Perfect active participle, subject understood as the statue/Herm figure. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 παρέχεται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 16 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 γῇ | case | high | Here governing the dative, in the sense ‘at/by’. |
| 17 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P--DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 γῇ | amod | high | Intensive/pronominal modifier of γῇ: ‘the very ground’. |
| 18 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L--DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 γῇ | det | high | Article with γῇ. |
| 19 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | N--DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἑστηκὼς | obl | high | Ground/location adjunct of ἑστηκώς. |
| 20 | παρέχεται | παρέχω | VERB | V-PPMI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate of the second clause. |
| 21 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 20 παρέχεται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, contrasted with δέ at token 27. |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L--NSN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 σχῆμα | det | high | Article with σχῆμα. |
| 23 | τετράγωνον | τετράγωνος | ADJ | A--NSN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 σχῆμα | amod | high | Agrees with σχῆμα. |
| 24 | σχῆμα | σχῆμα | NOUN | N--NSN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 παρέχεται | nsubj | high | Subject of παρέχεται, ‘the shape presents itself/is …’. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 παρέχεται | punct | high | |
| 26 | μεγέθει | μέγεθος | NOUN | N--DSN--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 μέγας | obl | high | Dative of respect: ‘in size’. |
| 27 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 30 μέγας | cc | high | Contrasts the size statement with the shape statement. |
| 28 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 30 μέγας | cop | high | Copula with μέγας as predicate adjective. |
| 29 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | X-------- | _ | 30 μέγας | advmod | high | Negates μέγας. |
| 30 | μέγας | μέγας | ADJ | A--NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 παρέχεται | conj | medium | Predicate adjective in an elliptical coordinated clause; masculine agreement reflects the implied Herm figure rather than σχῆμα. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 παρέχεται | punct | high |
καὶ αὐτῷ καὶ ἐπίγραμμα ἔπεστιν, ἀναθεῖναι αὐτὸ Μεσσήνιον Σιμύλον·
The clause is existential/possessive with ἐπίγραμμα as subject; the following infinitival inscription formula is elliptical, and the attachment of Σιμύλον/Μεσσήνιον is consequently somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 5 ἔπεστιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3ms | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 5 ἔπεστιν | obl | high | Dative of possession or association with ἔπεστιν. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 ἐπίγραμμα | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | Nb-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἔπεστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἔπεστιν | ἔπειμι | VERB | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/possessive use: an inscription is present on it. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔπεστιν | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἀναθεῖναι | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V--ana--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 Σιμύλον | acl | medium | Aorist active infinitive in an accompanying inscription formula; syntactic attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 8 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3nsa--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 ἀναθεῖναι | obj | high | |
| 9 | Μεσσήνιον | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A--s---ma- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Σιμύλον | amod | medium | Ethnic adjective used substantivally or appositionally with Σιμύλον. |
| 10 | Σιμύλον | Σιμύλος | PROPN | Nb-sm---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀναθεῖναι | obl | medium | Accusative proper name, likely the recipient/object associated with ἀναθεῖναι; exact construction is elliptical. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔπεστιν | punct | high |
καλεῖται μὲν δὴ Ἀγοραῖος, παρὰ δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ χρηστήριον καθέστηκε.
The sentence has a μὲν ... δέ coordination: καλεῖται with Ἀγοραῖος as name complement, followed by καθέστηκε with χρηστήριον as subject and παρά + dative as a locative adjunct. The καί is locally connective and its exact scope is somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καλεῖται | καλέω | VERB | V-3S-PAS-IND-PRE | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive impersonal/name-giving predicate: ‘is called’. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 粒 | _ | 1 καλεῖται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, with δέ in the second clause. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 1 καλεῖται | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | Ἀγοραῖος | Ἀγοραῖος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 καλεῖται | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative/name complement of καλεῖται; alternatively analyzable as a nominal subject complement. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καλεῖται | punct | high | |
| 6 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | P | _ | 8 αὐτῷ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative αὐτῷ. |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 καθέστηκε | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause with the preceding μὲν clause. |
| 8 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 11 καθέστηκε | obl | high | Dative governed by παρά, ‘beside/at it’; αὐτῷ refers to the deity or image. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 χρηστήριον | cc | high | Coordinates χρηστήριον with the understood associated nominal element. |
| 10 | χρηστήριον | χρηστήριον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 καθέστηκε | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative subject of καθέστηκε. |
| 11 | καθέστηκε | καθίστημι | VERB | V-3S-PERF-ACT-IND | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 1 καλεῖται | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate, ‘has been established/stands’. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 καθέστηκε | punct | high |
κεῖται δὲ πρὸ τοῦ ἀγάλματος ἑστία, λίθου καὶ αὐτή, μολίβδῳ δὲ πρὸς τὴν ἑστίαν προσέχονται λύχνοι χαλκοῖ.
Two coordinated clauses are present: κεῖται takes ἑστία as subject and πρὸ τοῦ ἀγάλματος as a locative phrase; προσέχονται is probably middle/passive in the sense ‘are attached/fastened’, with λύχνοι as subject, χαλκοῖ agreeing with it, and μολίβδῳ indicating the fastening material or instrument. The spelling χαλκοῖ is morphologically uncertain, likely a nominative plural form intended as χαλκοί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κεῖται | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PI貌-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 6 ἑστία | conj | high | Present middle form of κεῖμαι, ‘lies/is situated’; coordinated predication with προσέχονται. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 κεῖται | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 3 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ἀγάλματος | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἀγάλματος | det | high | Genitive neuter singular article. |
| 5 | ἀγάλματος | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἑστία | nmod | high | Object of πρὸ; locative genitive phrase modifies κεῖται. |
| 6 | ἑστία | ἑστία | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject of κεῖται; nominal subject of the first predication. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 ἑστία | punct | high | |
| 8 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἑστία | nmod | high | Genitive of material, ‘of stone’, predicated of ἑστία. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 αὐτή | cc | high | Coordinates the adjective-like predicate αὐτή with the preceding material phrase. |
| 10 | αὐτή | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 6 ἑστία | conj | medium | Emphatic pronoun, ‘itself’, agreeing with ἑστία; syntactically a supplementary predicate/nominal modifier. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 ἑστία | punct | high | |
| 12 | μολίβδῳ | μόλιβδος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 προσέχονται | obl | medium | Dative of instrument or material with προσέχονται; lemma and gender are somewhat uncertain. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 προσέχονται | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator introducing the second predication. |
| 14 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 ἑστίαν | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἑστίαν | det | high | Accusative feminine singular article. |
| 16 | ἑστίαν | ἑστία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 προσέχονται | obl | high | Object of πρὸς, expressing the direction or point of attachment. |
| 17 | προσέχονται | προσέχω | VERB | V-PMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 6 ἑστία | conj | medium | Likely middle/passive ‘are attached/fastened’; the lexical sense and voice are context-dependent. |
| 18 | λύχνοι | λύχνος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 προσέχονται | nsubj | high | Subject of προσέχονται. |
| 19 | χαλκοῖ | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 λύχνοι | amod | low | Form is irregular/possibly orthographic for χαλκοί; interpreted as nominative masculine plural, ‘bronze’, modifying λύχνοι. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 ἑστία | punct | high |