Grammar parses for passage 7.23.1
Open translation for this passage
μετὰ δὲ τὸν Χάραδρον ἐρείπια οὐκ ἐπιφανῆ πόλεώς ἐστιν Ἀργυρᾶς, καὶ πηγή τε Ἀργυρᾶ ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς λεωφόρου καὶ Σέλεμνος ποταμὸς κατιὼν ἐς θάλασσαν.
The sentence has an elliptical copular structure: ἐρείπια is the predicate nominative/subject complement with ἐστιν, while πόλεώς Ἀργυρᾶς is a genitive of origin or possession. The coordinated nominative phrases after καί continue the route description; κατιών modifies Σέλεμνος ποταμός.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 Χάραδρον | case | high | Governs the accusative Χάραδρον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐρείπια | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Χάραδρον | det | high | |
| 4 | Χάραδρον | Χάραδρος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐρείπια | obl | high | Object of the preposition μετά. |
| 5 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Neuter plural subject/predicate complement with singular ἐστιν. |
| 6 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἐπιφανῆ | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἐπιφανῆ | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐρείπια | amod | high | Agrees with ἐρείπια. |
| 8 | πόλεώς | πόλις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Ἀργυρᾶς | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on Ἀργυρᾶς, expressing the city-name relation. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copula; singular despite neuter plural subject, a normal Greek usage. |
| 10 | Ἀργυρᾶς | Ἀργυρά | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐρείπια | nmod | medium | Proper name in the genitive, dependent on the phrase πόλεως Ἀργυρᾶς. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐρείπια | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 πηγή | cc | high | Coordinates the following route-description phrase. |
| 13 | πηγή | πηγή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐρείπια | conj | medium | Coordinated nominative phrase; copula is understood. |
| 14 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 πηγή | cc | high | Postpositive enclitic coordinating πηγή with the following name. |
| 15 | Ἀργυρᾶ | Ἀργυρά | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 πηγή | nmod | high | Appositional proper name identifying the spring. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 17 δεξιᾷ | case | high | Governs the dative δεξιᾷ. |
| 17 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 πηγή | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, 'on the right'. |
| 18 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 λεωφόρου | det | high | |
| 19 | λεωφόρου | λεωφόρος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 δεξιᾷ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δεξιᾷ. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 Σέλεμνος | cc | high | Coordinates the river phrase with the spring phrase. |
| 21 | Σέλεμνος | Σέλεμνος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐρείπια | conj | medium | Coordinated nominative noun phrase; copula is understood. |
| 22 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Σέλεμνος | appos | high | Apposition identifying Σέλεμνος as a river. |
| 23 | κατιὼν | κάτειμι | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 Σέλεμνος | acl | high | Present active participle modifying Σέλεμνος ποταμός. |
| 24 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 25 θάλασσαν | case | high | Governs the accusative θάλασσαν. |
| 25 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 κατιὼν | obl | high | Goal complement of κατιών. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high |
λόγος δὲ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων ἐς αὐτόν ἐστι, Σέλεμνον μειράκιον ὡραῖον ποιμαίνειν ἐνταῦθα, Ἀργυρᾶν δὲ εἶναι μὲν τῶν ἐν θαλάσσῃ νυμφῶν, ἐρασθεῖσαν δὲ αὐτὴν Σελέμνου φοιτᾶν τε ὡς αὐτόν φασιν ἐκ θαλάσσης ἀνιοῦσαν, καὶ καθεύδειν παρʼ αὐτῷ·
The sentence reports local tradition: λόγος is the matrix predicate; ἐστι takes an ἐς phrase, while the following infinitival clauses are coordinated reported content. The accusative subjects of the infinitives are Σελέμνον, Ἀργυρᾶν, and αὐτήν; ἐρασθεῖσαν and ἀνιοῦσαν are accusative participles agreeing with αὐτήν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐπιχωρίων | det | high | |
| 4 | ἐπιχωρίων | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 λόγος | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 αὐτόν | case | high | |
| 6 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 ἐστι | obl | high | |
| 7 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 9 | Σέλεμνον | Σέλεμνος | PROPN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ποιμαίνειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 10 | μειράκιον | μειράκιον | NOUN | N----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 Σέλεμνον | appos | high | Appositional description of the proper name. |
| 11 | ὡραῖον | ὡραῖος | ADJ | A----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 μειράκιον | amod | high | |
| 12 | ποιμαίνειν | ποιμαίνω | VERB | V-PNA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ἐστι | ccomp | high | First infinitival content clause. |
| 13 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | AdvType=Loc | 12 ποιμαίνειν | advmod | high | |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ποιμαίνειν | punct | high | |
| 15 | Ἀργυρᾶν | Ἀργυρᾶ | PROPN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 εἶναι | cc | high | |
| 17 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ἐστι | conj | high | Coordinated infinitival content clause. |
| 18 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 17 εἶναι | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with δέ at token 25. |
| 19 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L----GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 νυμφῶν | det | high | |
| 20 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 θαλάσσῃ | case | high | |
| 21 | θαλάσσῃ | θάλασσα | NOUN | N----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 νυμφῶν | nmod | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 22 | νυμφῶν | νύμφη | NOUN | N----GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 Ἀργυρᾶν | nmod | high | Partitive/genitive predicate with εἶναι. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 24 | ἐρασθεῖσαν | ἐράω | VERB | V-APP-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 26 αὐτὴν | amod | high | Predicative accusative participle, agreeing with αὐτήν. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 φοιτᾶν | cc | high | Correlative with μέν at token 18. |
| 26 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 28 φοιτᾶν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject shared by φοιτᾶν and καθεύδειν. |
| 27 | Σελέμνου | Σελέμνος | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἐρασθεῖσαν | obl | high | Genitive with ἐράω. |
| 28 | φοιτᾶν | φοιτάω | VERB | V-PNA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 εἶναι | conj | high | Infinitive coordinated with εἶναι. |
| 29 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 φοιτᾶν | cc | high | |
| 30 | ὡς | ὡς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 αὐτόν | case | high | Treated as preposition with accusative. |
| 31 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 28 φοιτᾶν | obl | medium | Goal/comitative complement of φοιτᾶν. |
| 32 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 28 φοιτᾶν | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical reporting verb; could instead head a reported-clause analysis. |
| 33 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 34 θαλάσσης | case | high | |
| 34 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 ἀνιοῦσαν | obl | high | |
| 35 | ἀνιοῦσαν | ἄνειμι | VERB | V-PPA-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 28 φοιτᾶν | advcl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with αὐτήν; manner/circumstantial. |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 φοιτᾶν | punct | high | |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 38 καθεύδειν | cc | high | |
| 38 | καθεύδειν | καθεύδω | VERB | V-PNA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 28 φοιτᾶν | conj | high | Infinitive coordinated with φοιτᾶν. |
| 39 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 40 αὐτῷ | case | high | |
| 40 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 38 καθεύδειν | obl | high | |
| 41 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστι | punct | high |