Grammar parses for passage 7.24.13
Open translation for this passage
τοιοῦτό γε δὴ κατέλαβεν, καὶ ἕτερον τὴν ἰδέαν, ἐν Σιπύλῳ πόλιν ἐς χάσμα ἀφανισθῆναι·
The second coordinated report is parsed as an accusative-and-infinitive clause: ἕτερον τὴν ἰδέαν … πόλιν ἀφανισθῆναι; the attachment of ἕτερον/τὴν ἰδέαν is somewhat elliptical and therefore medium confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοιοῦτό | τοιοῦτος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 κατέλαβεν | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘such a thing’; object of κατέλαβεν. |
| 2 | γε | γε | PART | G- | _ | 1 τοιοῦτό | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G- | _ | 4 κατέλαβεν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | κατέλαβεν | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist active indicative, with omitted or contextually recoverable subject. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 16 ἀφανισθῆναι | cc | high | Coordinates the following infinitival/content clause with the preceding assertion. |
| 7 | ἕτερον | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀφανισθῆναι | obj | medium | Substantivized masculine accusative, likely ‘another [account/report]’; syntactically associated with the infinitival clause. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἰδέαν | det | high | |
| 9 | ἰδέαν | ἰδέα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἕτερον | nmod | medium | Accusative phrase τὴν ἰδέαν, probably specifying the sense/type of ἕτερον. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἀφανισθῆναι | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P- | _ | 12 Σιπύλῳ | case | high | |
| 12 | Σιπύλῳ | Σίπυλος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πόλιν | nmod | high | Dative governed by ἐν; place name. |
| 13 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀφανισθῆναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἀφανισθῆναι (accusative-and-infinitive construction). |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P- | _ | 15 χάσμα | case | high | |
| 15 | χάσμα | χάσμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἀφανισθῆναι | obl | high | Goal complement of ἐς. |
| 16 | ἀφανισθῆναι | ἀφανίζω | VERB | V-APN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 4 κατέλαβεν | conj | medium | Aorist passive infinitive; coordinated content of κατέλαβεν, with πόλιν as accusative subject. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 κατέλαβεν | punct | high |
ἐξ ὅτου δὲ ἡ ἰδέα κατεάγη τοῦ ὄρους, ὕδωρ αὐτόθεν ἐρρύη, καὶ λίμνη τε ὀνομαζομένη Σαλόη τὸ χάσμα ἐγένετο καὶ ἐρείπια πόλεως δῆλα ἦν ἐν τῇ λίμνῃ, πρὶν ἢ τὸ ὕδωρ ἀπέκρυψεν αὐτὰ τοῦ χειμάρρου.
The passage has coordinated clauses after ἐρρύη; ἐρείπια ... δῆλα ἦν is treated as a further coordinated copular clause, while πρὶν ἢ introduces a finite temporal clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | Case=Gen | 2 ὅτου | case | high | |
| 2 | ὅτου | ὅστις | PRON | PX-GEN-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 6 κατεάγη | obl | medium | Relative temporal expression, ‘since/from which time’. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐρρύη | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T------NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἰδέα | det | high | |
| 5 | ἰδέα | ἰδέα | NOUN | N-----NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 κατεάγη | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | κατεάγη | κατάγνυμι | VERB | V3SAIP | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 12 ἐρρύη | advcl | medium | Aorist passive form of κατάγνυμι; temporal clause with ἐξ ὅτου. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T------GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ὄρους | det | high | |
| 8 | ὄρους | ὄρος | NOUN | N-----GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἰδέα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἰδέα. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐρρύη | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-----NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐρρύη | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | αὐτόθεν | αὐτόθεν | ADV | D--------- | _ | 12 ἐρρύη | advmod | high | |
| 12 | ἐρρύη | ῥέω | VERB | V3SAIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐρρύη | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 ἐγένετο | cc | high | |
| 15 | λίμνη | λίμνη | NOUN | N-----NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἐγένετο | nsubj | medium | Part of coordinated clause; relationship of λίμνη to χάσμα is somewhat compressed. |
| 16 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 λίμνη | cc | high | |
| 17 | ὀνομαζομένη | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PMP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 15 λίμνη | acl | high | |
| 18 | Σαλόη | Σαλόη | PROPN | Ne-----NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὀνομαζομένη | xcomp | medium | Predicate name with passive ‘called’; could alternatively be analyzed as apposition. |
| 19 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T------NSA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 χάσμα | det | high | |
| 20 | χάσμα | χάσμα | NOUN | N-----NSA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3SAMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 12 ἐρρύη | conj | high | |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 23 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-----NPA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-----GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἐρείπια | nmod | high | |
| 25 | δῆλα | δῆλος | ADJ | A-----NPA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with copular ἦν. |
| 26 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SIIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 21 ἐγένετο | conj | medium | Coordinates with the preceding clause under καί. |
| 27 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | Case=Dat | 29 λίμνῃ | case | high | |
| 28 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T------DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 29 λίμνῃ | det | high | |
| 29 | λίμνῃ | λίμνη | NOUN | N-----DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 δῆλα | obl | high | |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 31 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 35 ἀπέκρυψεν | mark | high | |
| 32 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 πρὶν | fixed | high | Part of the idiom πρὶν ἢ with finite clause. |
| 33 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T------NSA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 34 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 34 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-----NSA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 35 ἀπέκρυψεν | nsubj | high | |
| 35 | ἀπέκρυψεν | ἀποκρύπτω | VERB | V3SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 26 ἦν | advcl | high | |
| 36 | αὐτὰ | αὐτός | PRON | P-----NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 35 ἀπέκρυψεν | obj | high | |
| 37 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T------GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 38 χειμάρρου | det | high | |
| 38 | χειμάρρου | χείμαρρος | NOUN | N-----GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 ἀπέκρυψεν | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on ἀπέκρυψεν, likely source/separation (‘hid them from the torrent’). |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐρρύη | punct | high |
σύνοπτα δὲ καὶ Ἑλίκης ἐστὶ τὰ ἐρείπια, οὐ μὴν ἔτι γε ὁμοίως, ἅτε ὑπὸ τῆς ἅλμης λελυμασμένα.
The predicate is an existential/copular construction: σύνοπτα agrees with τὰ ἐρείπια, with Ἑλίκης as a genitive dependent on ἐρείπια (‘the ruins of Helice’). λελυμασμένα is a perfect passive participle agreeing with τὰ ἐρείπια and governed by ὑπό; ἅτε introduces the causal participial adjunct. The exact force of σύνοπτα is somewhat uncertain, but it is an agreeing predicate adjective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σύνοπτα | σύνοπτος | ADJ | A--NPA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἐρείπια | amod | medium | Predicate adjective agreeing with τὰ ἐρείπια; adjectival analysis preferred despite its predicative use. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 5 ἐστὶ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἐστὶ | cc | high | Coordinating/adverbial connective; attached to the clause predicate. |
| 4 | Ἑλίκης | Ἑλίκη | PROPN | N--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐρείπια | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐρείπια, identifying whose ruins. |
| 5 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential finite verb; singular with neuter plural subject as common in Greek. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S--NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἐρείπια | det | high | Article with ἐρείπια. |
| 7 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N--NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | Neuter plural subject of the copular clause. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶ | punct | high | |
| 9 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 13 ὁμοίως | advmod | high | Negates the comparative adverbial phrase. |
| 10 | μὴν | μήν | PART | D-------- | _ | 13 ὁμοίως | advmod | high | Adversative/emphatic particle, ‘however/nevertheless’. |
| 11 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 ὁμοίως | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying ὁμοίως. |
| 12 | γε | γε | PART | D-------- | _ | 13 ὁμοίως | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 13 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐστὶ | advmod | high | Adverbial predicate modifier: ‘similarly/in the same way’. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ὁμοίως | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 19 λελυμασμένα | mark | high | Causal/characterizing subordinator introducing the participial adjunct. |
| 16 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ἅλμης | case | high | Agentive preposition governing the genitive. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἅλμης | det | high | Article with ἅλμης. |
| 18 | ἅλμης | ἅλμη | NOUN | N--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 λελυμασμένα | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent of the passive participle, ‘by the salt water’. |
| 19 | λελυμασμένα | λυμαίνομαι | VERB | V-RPPNPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 ἐστὶ | advcl | high | Perfect passive participle agreeing with τὰ ἐρείπια; causal adjunct under ἅτε. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶ | punct | high |