Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 7.24.4

← 7.24.3 7.24.5 →

Passage 7.24.4

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4sentences parsed

78Greek tokens

2,991input tokens

6,061output tokens

Sentence 1

7.24.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 27
Input: 819
Output: 1,990
Total: 2,809

ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλα Αἰγιεῦσιν ἀγάλματα χαλκοῦ πεποιημένα, Ζεύς τε ἡλικίαν παῖς καὶ Ἡρακλῆς, οὐδὲ οὗτος ἔχων πω γένεια, Ἀγελάδα τέχνη τοῦ Ἀργείου.

The copular clause has ἄλλα ἀγάλματα as subject and πεποιημένα as a participial predicate/modifier; the two statues are appositional elaborations. Ἀγελάδα τέχνη τοῦ Ἀργείου means 'by the art of Ageladas of Argos,' with τέχνη understood as an instrumental ablatival/dative-like expression; the exact attachment of Ἀγελάδα is somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἔστι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	6 ἀγάλματα	cop	high	Existential/copular present.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	6 ἀγάλματα	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	4 ἄλλα	cc	high	Adverbial/additive καί.
4	ἄλλα	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	6 ἀγάλματα	amod	medium	Adjectival head-like modifier to ἀγάλματα; substantival use is possible.
5	Αἰγιεῦσιν	Αἰγιεύς	PROPN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 ἀγάλματα	iobj	high	Dative of possession/association.
6	ἀγάλματα	ἄγαλμα	NOUN	N-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	0 ROOT	root	high	Subject of ἔστι.
7	χαλκοῦ	χαλκοῦς	ADJ	A-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἀγάλματα	nmod	high	Material genitive, 'of bronze'.
8	πεποιημένα	ποιέω	VERB	V-RMP-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	6 ἀγάλματα	acl	high	Perfect passive participle agreeing with ἀγάλματα.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἀγάλματα	punct	high
10	Ζεύς	Ζεύς	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 παῖς	appos	high	First appositional statue subject.
11	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	10 Ζεύς	cc	high
12	ἡλικίαν	ἡλικία	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 παῖς	obl	medium	Accusative of age/description with παῖς.
13	παῖς	παῖς	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἀγάλματα	appos	high	Predicate/appositional description of Zeus: a boy.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	15 Ἡρακλῆς	cc	high
15	Ἡρακλῆς	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἀγάλματα	appos	high	Second appositional statue subject.
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 Ἡρακλῆς	punct	high
17	οὐδὲ	οὐδέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	19 ἔχων	advmod	high	Negative additive connective, 'not even'.
18	οὗτος	οὗτος	PRON	D-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	19 ἔχων	nsubj	high	Subject of ἔχων, referring to Heracles.
19	ἔχων	ἔχω	VERB	V-PAP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	15 Ἡρακλῆς	acl	high	Participial modifier of Heracles.
20	πω	πω	ADV	ADV	_	21 γένεια	advmod	high	'Yet/still' with negative οὐδέ.
21	γένεια	γένειον	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	19 ἔχων	obj	high	Object of ἔχων.
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἔχων	punct	high
23	Ἀγελάδα	Ἀγελάδας	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 τέχνη	nmod	medium	Genitive of the sculptor; form is ambiguous in isolation but context favors genitive.
24	τέχνη	τέχνη	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 ἀγάλματα	obl	medium	Instrumental/agentive dative, 'by the art/skill'; attachment to the statues is understood.
25	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	26 Ἀργείου	det	high
26	Ἀργείου	Ἀργεῖος	PROPN	A-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 Ἀγελάδα	nmod	high	'of Argos/Argive,' dependent on Ἀγελάδα.
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἀγάλματα	punct	high

Sentence 3

7.24.4 sentence 3

Tokens: 15
Input: 705
Output: 1,278
Total: 1,983

τὰ δὲ ἔτι παλαιότερα προεκέκριτο ἐκ τῶν παίδων ἱερᾶσθαι τῷ Διὶ ὁ νικῶν κάλλει·

The impersonal προεκέκριτο governs the infinitive ἱερᾶσθαι; τὰ παλαιότερα is the neuter plural subject/topic (‘the older practices/things’), while ὁ νικῶν κάλλει is the nominative subject of the infinitive, with κάλλει as dative of respect/criterion. The exact force of τὰ is substantival and somewhat elliptical.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T- APN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	4 παλαιότερα	det	high	Neuter plural article substantivizing παλαιότερα.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	4 παλαιότερα	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D--------	_	4 παλαιότερα	advmod	high	Temporal/intensifying adverb modifying παλαιότερα.
4	παλαιότερα	παλαιός	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Nom\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	5 προεκέκριτο	nsubj	medium	Substantivized neuter plural comparative; elliptical reference to older practices/customs.
5	προεκέκριτο	προκρίνω	VERB	V3SIIM---	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imperfect\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	medium	Impersonal/pluperfect-like historical form in context; parsed here as 3sg imperfect middle/passive of προκρίνω, governing the infinitive.
6	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	8 παίδων	case	high	Preposition governing genitive.
7	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 παίδων	det	high	Article with παίδων.
8	παίδων	παῖς	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 ἱερᾶσθαι	obl	high	Genitive of selection/source with ἐκ: ‘from among the boys’.
9	ἱερᾶσθαι	ἱεράω	VERB	V--PNM---	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Present\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	5 προεκέκριτο	xcomp	high	Infinitive governed by προεκέκριτο; middle/passive form, ‘to be consecrated/sacrificed’.
10	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 Διὶ	det	high	Article with Διί.
11	Διὶ	Ζεύς	PROPN	Neosm	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 ἱερᾶσθαι	iobj	high	Dative recipient/deity of consecration.
12	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 νικῶν	det	high	Article introducing the substantivized participial subject.
13	νικῶν	νικάω	VERB	V-PAPNSM-	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	9 ἱερᾶσθαι	nsubj	high	Substantivized present active participle: ‘the one prevailing/winning’.
14	κάλλει	κάλλος	NOUN	N-DSN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 νικῶν	obl	medium	Dative of respect/criterion with νικῶν: ‘in beauty’; alternatively instrumental dative.
15	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	5 προεκέκριτο	punct	high	Sentence punctuation.

Sentence 4

7.24.4 sentence 4

Tokens: 14
Input: 685
Output: 1,151
Total: 1,836

ἀρχομένων δὲ αὐτῷ γενείων ἐς ἄλλον παῖδα ἡ ἐπὶ τῷ κάλλει μετῄει τιμή.

Genitive absolute ἀρχομένων γενείων sets the temporal circumstance; αὐτῷ is ethical/dative of reference with the implicit subject, while ἡ τιμή is the subject of μετῄει and ἐς ἄλλον παῖδα marks its transfer. ἐπὶ τῷ κάλλει is a causal/grounds phrase.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀρχομένων	ἄρχομαι	VERB	V-PPM/GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	12 μετῄει	advcl	medium	Genitive absolute participle; subject is the genitive plural γενείων.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	12 μετῄει	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	P-GDSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	1 ἀρχομένων	nsubj	low	Dative masculine singular, probably the implicit subject of the genitive absolute; parsers may instead treat it as dative of reference with ἀρχομένων.
4	γενείων	γένεαι	NOUN	N-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	1 ἀρχομένων	nsubj	medium	Genitive plural neuter, subject of the genitive absolute; form may be a variant/poetic plural of γένειον.
5	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	7 παῖδα	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
6	ἄλλον	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 παῖδα	amod	high	Attributive adjective.
7	παῖδα	παῖς	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 μετῄει	obl	high	Accusative complement of movement/transfer with ἐς.
8	ἡ	ὁ	DET	T-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	13 τιμή	det	high	Article agreeing with τιμή.
9	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	11 κάλλει	case	high	Preposition governing dative here.
10	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DSN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	11 κάλλει	det	high	Article agreeing with κάλλει.
11	κάλλει	κάλλος	NOUN	N-DSN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 μετῄει	obl	medium	Dative with ἐπί; expresses the basis or cause of the τιμή.
12	μετῄει	μέτειμι	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Imperfect of μέτειμι, ‘passed/transferred’; subject is τιμή.
13	τιμή	τιμή	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 μετῄει	nsubj	high	Subject of μετῄει.
14	.	.	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	12 μετῄει	punct	high

Sentence 6

7.24.4 sentence 6

Tokens: 22
Input: 782
Output: 1,642
Total: 2,424

ἐς δὲ Αἴγιον καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἔτι συνέδριον τὸ Ἀχαιῶν ἀθροίζεται, καθότι ἐς Θερμοπύλας τε καὶ ἐς Δελφοὺς οἱ Ἀμφικτύονες.

The sentence is syntactically elliptical after καθότι: the Ἀμφικτύονες are understood as the subject of an omitted verb (probably ἀθροίζονται/συνάγονται) at Thermopylae and Delphi; ἐφʼ ἡμῶν means ‘in our time’.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	11 ἀθροίζεται	case	high	Preposition governing Αἴγιον.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 ἀθροίζεται	cc	high
3	Αἴγιον	Αἴγιον	PROPN	Neut-Sg-Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Sing	11 ἀθροίζεται	obl	high	Accusative of destination with ἐς.
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	7 ἔτι	cc	medium	Coordinates the temporal adjunct ἐφʼ ἡμῶν with ἔτι.
5	ἐφʼ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	6 ἡμῶν	case	high	ἐπί elided before ἡμῶν; temporal phrase.
6	ἡμῶν	ἐγώ	PRON	1Pl-Gen	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur\|Person=First\|PronType=Prs	7 ἔτι	obl	high	Genitive with temporal ἐπί, ‘in our time’.
7	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	ADV	_	11 ἀθροίζεται	advmod	high	Temporal adverb, coordinated in sense with ἐφʼ ἡμῶν.
8	συνέδριον	συνέδριον	NOUN	Neut-Sg-Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Sing	11 ἀθροίζεται	nsubj	high	Subject of ἀθροίζεται; nominative neuter singular.
9	τὸ	ὁ	DET	Art-Neut-Sg-Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neuter\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 συνέδριον	det	high
10	Ἀχαιῶν	Ἀχαιός	PROPN	Gen-Plur	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur	8 συνέδριον	nmod	high	Genitive specifying the council: ‘of the Achaeans’.
11	ἀθροίζεται	ἀθροίζω	VERB	Pres-Mid-Ind-3Sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=Third\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Middle voice, ‘is assembled/convenes’.
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	11 ἀθροίζεται	punct	high
13	καθότι	καθότι	SCONJ	CONJ	_	21 Ἀμφικτύονες	mark	medium	Introduces an elliptical explanatory clause; may also be read adverbially as ‘where/inasmuch as’.
14	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	15 Θερμοπύλας	case	high	Preposition governing Θερμοπύλας.
15	Θερμοπύλας	Θερμοπύλαι	PROPN	Fem-Plur-Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	21 Ἀμφικτύονες	obl	high	Destination/location in the elliptical clause.
16	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	15 Θερμοπύλας	cc	high	First member of τε ... καί coordination.
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	19 Δελφοὺς	cc	high	Coordinates the two destinations.
18	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	19 Δελφοὺς	case	high	Preposition governing Δελφούς.
19	Δελφοὺς	Δελφοί	PROPN	Masc-Plur-Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 Θερμοπύλας	conj	high	Second coordinated destination.
20	οἱ	ὁ	DET	Art-Masc-Plur-Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	21 Ἀμφικτύονες	det	high
21	Ἀμφικτύονες	Ἀμφικτύονες	PROPN	Masc-Plur-Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 ἀθροίζεται	parataxis	medium	Nominal subject of an omitted verb in the καθότι clause; attached paratactically to the finite clause.
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	11 ἀθροίζεται	punct	high

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