Grammar parses for passage 7.24.4
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλα Αἰγιεῦσιν ἀγάλματα χαλκοῦ πεποιημένα, Ζεύς τε ἡλικίαν παῖς καὶ Ἡρακλῆς, οὐδὲ οὗτος ἔχων πω γένεια, Ἀγελάδα τέχνη τοῦ Ἀργείου.
The sentence has several loose appositional/participial expansions; Ζεύς τε Ἡρακλῆς and οὗτος ἔχων πω γένεια are best treated as coordinated descriptive phrases after the main existential clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-3SPIA- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb, main predicate. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | T- | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 4 ἄλλα | cc | medium | Links ἄλλα with omitted/implicit prior element or intensifies the phrase. |
| 4 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἀγάλματα | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἀγάλματα. |
| 5 | Αἰγιεῦσιν | Αἰγιεύς | PROPN | Np-md | Case=Dat|Number=Plur | 6 ἀγάλματα | obl | high | Dative of reference/recipient with ἄλλα ἀγάλματα. |
| 6 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστι. |
| 7 | χαλκοῦ | χαλκός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πεποιημένα | nmod | medium | Genitive of material, modifying πεποιημένα/ἀγάλματα. |
| 8 | πεποιημένα | ποιέω | VERB | V-PRPPN | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 6 ἀγάλματα | acl | high | Perfect passive participle agreeing with ἀγάλματα. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀγάλματα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | Ζεύς | Ζεύς | PROPN | Np-msn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | medium | Second nominative phrase in apposition/continuation; parse attached to ἔστι. |
| 11 | τε | τε | PART | G- | _ | 10 Ζεύς | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 12 | ἡλικίαν | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 παῖς | obl | medium | Accusative of respect in the phrase ἡλικίαν παῖς. |
| 13 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Ζεύς | appos | high | Appositive nominative describing Ζεύς. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 15 Ἡρακλῆς | cc | high | Links the coordinated proper name. |
| 15 | Ἡρακλῆς | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | Np-msn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ζεύς | conj | high | Coordinated with Ζεύς. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 Ζεύς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | D- | _ | 19 ἔχων | cc | high | Negative connective introducing another coordinated predicate/description. |
| 18 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἔχων | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔχων. |
| 19 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PPPANM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 Ἡρακλῆς | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Ἡρακλῆς. |
| 20 | πω | πω | PART | Q- | _ | 19 ἔχων | advmod | high | Adverbial particle meaning 'yet/so far'. |
| 21 | γένεια | γένειον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἔχων | obj | medium | Object of ἔχων; form may be poetic/plural for beard. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἔχων | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 23 | Ἀγελάδα | Ἀγελάδας | PROPN | Np-asm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 τέχνη | nmod | medium | Likely genitive-name relation in accusative form as transmitted; treated cautiously. |
| 24 | τέχνη | τέχνη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | obl | high | Instrument/authorial phrase with ἔστι, 'by the art of...'; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 25 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Rd-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 Ἀργείου | det | high | Article introducing the ethnicon/name. |
| 26 | Ἀργείου | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 τέχνη | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τέχνη, identifying Ageladas as 'the Argive'. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τούτοις κατὰ ἔτος ἱερεῖς αἱρετοὶ γίνονται, καὶ ἑκάτερα τῶν ἀγαλμάτων ἐπὶ ταῖς οἰκίαις μένει τοῦ ἱερωμένου.
The second clause is syntactically somewhat compressed; ἑκάτερα τῶν ἀγαλμάτων is treated as the subject/object-like core around μένει, and τοῦ ἱερωμένου as a genitive participial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | Pd------d- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 6 γίνονται | iobj | high | Dative of reference/benefit with γίνονται. |
| 2 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 3 ἔτος | case | high | Governs accusative. |
| 3 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | N-S---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 γίνονται | obl | high | Temporal accusative with κατὰ. |
| 4 | ἱερεῖς | ἱερεύς | NOUN | N-P---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 γίνονται | nsubj | high | Subject of γίνονται. |
| 5 | αἱρετοὶ | αἱρετός | ADJ | A-P---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἱερεῖς | amod | high | Attributive adjective agreeing with ἱερεῖς. |
| 6 | γίνονται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3PPI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 γίνονται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 μένει | cc | high | Coordinates the two clauses. |
| 9 | ἑκάτερα | ἑκάτερος | ADJ | A-P---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 μένει | obj | medium | Likely direct object of μένει; object use of neuter plural is somewhat unusual here. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-P---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 ἀγαλμάτων | det | high | Article modifying ἀγαλμάτων. |
| 11 | ἀγαλμάτων | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-P---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἑκάτερα | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἑκάτερα. |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 οἰκίαις | case | high | Takes dative here. |
| 13 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-P---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 οἰκίαις | det | high | Article modifying οἰκίαις. |
| 14 | οἰκίαις | οἰκία | NOUN | N-P---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 μένει | obl | high | Locative/dative object of ἐπὶ. |
| 15 | μένει | μένω | VERB | V-3SPI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 γίνονται | conj | high | Second coordinated clause. |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-S---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ἱερωμένου | det | high | Article modifying ἱερωμένου. |
| 17 | ἱερωμένου | ἱερόω | VERB | V--smpmg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 15 μένει | obl | medium | Genitive participial phrase depending on μένει; semantics uncertain. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 γίνονται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τὰ δὲ ἔτι παλαιότερα προεκέκριτο ἐκ τῶν παίδων ἱερᾶσθαι τῷ Διὶ ὁ νικῶν κάλλει·
Main difficulty is the syntactic relation of παλαιότερα; it is likely the predicative complement/substantivized subject of the passive προεκέκριτο, while ὁ νικῶν functions as the subject of the infinitival complement ἱερᾶσθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 προεκέκριτο | obj | high | Article with implicit neuter plural substantive. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 προεκέκριτο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 παλαιότερα | advmod | high | Modifies the comparative adjective. |
| 4 | παλαιότερα | παλαιός | ADJ | A--NPNC- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 προεκέκριτο | nsubj | medium | Could also be acc. neut. pl. functioning substantively; treated as nominative subject complement to the passive predicate. |
| 5 | προεκέκριτο | προεκκρίνω | VERB | V-LMI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plup|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate of the sentence. |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 παίδων | case | high | Preposition governing παίδων. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 παίδων | det | high | Article with παίδων. |
| 8 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-P---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Com|Number=Plur | 5 προεκέκριτο | obl | high | Governed by ἐκ. |
| 9 | ἱερᾶσθαι | ἱεράομαι | VERB | V--PNE-- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 5 προεκέκριτο | xcomp | high | Complement of προεκέκριτο. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Διὶ | det | high | Article with Διὶ. |
| 11 | Διὶ | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-S---D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἱερᾶσθαι | obl | high | Dative goal/indirect object of ἱερᾶσθαι. |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 νικῶν | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 13 | νικῶν | νικάω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἱερᾶσθαι | nsubj | high | Subject of the infinitive. |
| 14 | κάλλει | κάλλος | NOUN | N-S---D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 νικῶν | obl | medium | Dative of respect/instrument with νικῶν; parsing is somewhat uncertain. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 προεκέκριτο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἀρχομένων δὲ αὐτῷ γενείων ἐς ἄλλον παῖδα ἡ ἐπὶ τῷ κάλλει μετῄει τιμή.
The syntax is elliptical: τιμή is the apparent syntactic center, with μετῄει functioning predicatively or as a finite modifier; ἀρχομένων forms a genitive absolute.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀρχομένων | ἄρχω | VERB | VMP-PMP--- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 μετῄει | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G--------- | _ | 12 μετῄει | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | RP3-DM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀρχομένων | obl | medium | Likely dative of reference with ἀρχομένων; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 4 | γενείων | γένειον | NOUN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἀρχομένων | nsubj | high | Subject of the participle in genitive absolute. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 παῖδα | case | high | Preposition governing παῖδα. |
| 6 | ἄλλον | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 παῖδα | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying παῖδα. |
| 7 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 μετῄει | obl | high | Object of motion with ἐς. |
| 8 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA-S---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 τιμή | det | high | Article with τιμή. |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 κάλλει | case | high | Preposition in phrase modifying τιμή. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 κάλλει | det | high | Article with κάλλει. |
| 11 | κάλλει | κάλλος | NOUN | N-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 τιμή | nmod | high | Dative complement in prepositional phrase modifying τιμή. |
| 12 | μετῄει | μετέειμι | VERB | VIAI3S--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 13 τιμή | acl | medium | Likely finite verb modifying τιμή; exact syntactic relation uncertain. |
| 13 | τιμή | τιμή | NOUN | N-S---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause subject/predicate structure with an implied copular or elliptical construction. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 τιμή | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ταῦτα μὲν οὕτως ἐνομίζετο·
Simple clause with a discourse particle (μὲν) and an omitted contrasting counterpart.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PD-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 ἐνομίζετο | obj | high | Neuter plural demonstrative pronoun used as object/content of the impersonal judgment 'it was thought/considered'. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐνομίζετο | discourse | high | Postpositive particle correlating with an omitted or later contrasting clause. |
| 3 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | D | _ | 4 ἐνομίζετο | advmod | high | Modifies the verb: 'thus/in this way'. |
| 4 | ἐνομίζετο | νομίζω | VERB | V-IMPI--3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal/passive-like imperfect; syntactic root. |
| 5 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐνομίζετο | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐς δὲ Αἴγιον καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἔτι συνέδριον τὸ Ἀχαιῶν ἀθροίζεται, καθότι ἐς Θερμοπύλας τε καὶ ἐς Δελφοὺς οἱ Ἀμφικτύονες.
The final καθότι-clause is elliptical, with the verb understood from the main clause; I attach the coordinated ἐς-phrases inside it as a prepositional modifier structure.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 ἀθροίζεται | mark | high | Introduces destination/complement of motion. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἀθροίζεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Αἴγιον | Αἴγιον | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἀθροίζεται | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἐφʼ | cc | high | Connects prepositional phrases. |
| 5 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 ἀθροίζεται | obl | high | Governed by the same verb; likely with genitive object. |
| 6 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | Pp1--- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 5 ἐφʼ | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί. |
| 7 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D------- | _ | 11 ἀθροίζεται | advmod | high | Modifies the verb/adverbial predication. |
| 8 | συνέδριον | συνέδριον | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἀθροίζεται | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀθροίζεται. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 συνέδριον | det | high | Article with συνέδριον. |
| 10 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | ADJ | A-GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 συνέδριον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of συνέδριον. |
| 11 | ἀθροίζεται | ἀθροίζω | VERB | V--PIP-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἀθροίζεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | καθότι | καθότι | SCONJ | _ | _ | 11 ἀθροίζεται | mark | high | Introduces comparative/causal subordinate clause. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 ἀθροίζεται | advcl | medium | Parallel prepositional phrase within καθότι clause. |
| 15 | Θερμοπύλας | Θερμοπύλαι | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἐς | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 16 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 14 ἐς | cc | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἐς | cc | high | Connects the two ἐς-phrases. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 ἐς | conj | high | Second coordinated preposition. |
| 19 | Δελφοὺς | Δελφοί | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἐς | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 20 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 Ἀμφικτύονες | det | high | Article with Ἀμφικτύονες. |
| 21 | Ἀμφικτύονες | Ἀμφικτύων | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀθροίζεται | parataxis | medium | Likely elliptical comparative clause with implied verb 'assemble'/'hold council'. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἀθροίζεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |