Grammar parses for passage 7.25.13
Open translation for this passage
Γῆς δὲ ἱερόν ἐστιν ὁ Γαῖος ἐπίκλησιν Εὐρυστέρνου, ξόανον δὲ τοῖς μάλιστα ὁμοίως ἐστὶν ἀρχαῖον.
The sentence has two coordinated nominal predicates: Γαῖος is a sanctuary of Earth, while its ξόανον is very ancient; ἐπίκλησιν introduces the accusative name/appellation, and τοῖς μάλιστα ὁμοίως is an elliptical adverbial phrase modifying ἀρχαῖον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἱερόν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν, ‘sanctuary of Earth’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ξόανον | cc | high | Adversative/continuative coordinator. |
| 3 | ἱερόν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Neuter predicate noun with ἐστιν; lexical lemma conventionally ἱερόν. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First copular predicate. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | PNSMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Γαῖος | det | high | Article with Γαῖος. |
| 6 | Γαῖος | Γαῖος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Proper-name subject of ἐστιν. |
| 7 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Γαῖος | obl | medium | Accusative of appellation/name, with understood ‘by name’ relation to Γαῖος. |
| 8 | Εὐρυστέρνου | Εὐρύστερνος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπίκλησιν | nmod | medium | Proper name in the genitive dependent on ἐπίκλησιν; exact referential force is elliptical. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ξόανον | ξόανον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of the second copular clause. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Coordinator introducing the second clause. |
| 12 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | P-DPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 μάλιστα | det | medium | Article in the substantivized/elliptical phrase τοῖς μάλιστα. |
| 13 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 14 ὁμοίως | advmod | medium | Superlative adverb; with τοῖς, likely an elliptical comparison/intensifying phrase. |
| 14 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 ἀρχαῖον | advmod | medium | Adverb modifying ἀρχαῖον, ‘similarly/likewise’. |
| 15 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated copular clause. |
| 16 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with ξόανον. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
γυνὴ δὲ ἡ ἀεὶ τὴν ἱερωσύνην λαμβάνουσα ἁγιστεύει μὲν τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου, οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ τὰ πρότερα ἔσται πλέον ἢ ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς ἐς πεῖραν ἀφιγμένη.
The finite verb ἁγιστεύει is the root; γυνή is its subject, with λαμβάνουσα as a circumstantial participle and ἡ ... ἱερωσύνην its article-noun object phrase. The second clause is elliptical: ἔσται πλέον governs the genitive measure phrase ἑνὸς ἀνδρός, while ἀφιγμένη agrees with the understood subject γυνή and takes ἐς πεῖραν; οὐδὲ coordinates the negated continuation. The exact scope of πρότερα/πλέον is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γυνὴ | γυνή | NOUN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἁγιστεύει | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἁγιστεύει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA---NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 λαμβάνουσα | det | high | Article with the participial phrase. |
| 4 | ἀεὶ | ἀεί | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 λαμβάνουσα | advmod | high | |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA---ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἱερωσύνην | det | high | |
| 6 | ἱερωσύνην | ἱερωσύνη | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 λαμβάνουσα | obj | high | Object of λαμβάνουσα. |
| 7 | λαμβάνουσα | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-PAPNSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἁγιστεύει | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, agreeing with γυνή. |
| 8 | ἁγιστεύει | ἁγιστεύω | VERB | V-PAI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 8 ἁγιστεύει | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later οὐδὲ/μέν contrast. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA---ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἁγιστεύει | obj | medium | Substantivizing article; phrase τὸ ἀπό τούτου means the period/state thereafter. |
| 11 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 τούτου | case | high | |
| 12 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | RD---GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 10 τὸ | nmod | high | Genitive governed by ἀπό. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἁγιστεύει | punct | high | |
| 14 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 19 ἔσται | advmod | high | |
| 15 | μὴν | μήν | PART | X-------- | _ | 19 ἔσται | discourse | high | Adversative emphatic particle. |
| 16 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 ἔσται | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause with the μέν clause. |
| 17 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA---APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 πρότερα | det | high | |
| 18 | πρότερα | πρότερος | ADJ | A-S---APN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἔσται | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, adverbial/temporal accusative: earlier circumstances. |
| 19 | ἔσται | εἰμί | AUX | V-FMI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | conj | high | Finite verb of the coordinated second clause; future εἰμί is morphologically middle. |
| 20 | πλέον | πλείων | ADJ | A-S---NSN- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἔσται | xcomp | medium | Predicative comparative, with an elliptical complement/measure relation. |
| 21 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 πλέον | cc | high | Comparative conjunction. |
| 22 | ἑνὸς | εἷς | NUM | M----GS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Sing | 23 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | |
| 23 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 πλέον | obl | medium | Genitive of comparison/measure after πλέον. |
| 24 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 πεῖραν | case | high | |
| 25 | πεῖραν | πεῖρα | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ἀφιγμένη | obl | high | Object of the preposition ἐς. |
| 26 | ἀφιγμένη | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-RMPNSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 19 ἔσται | advcl | medium | Perfect middle participle, agreeing with understood γυνή; temporal/experiential adjunct. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἔσται | punct | high |
ἢν δὲ ὑπὲρ τῆς ἱερωσύνης ἀφίκωνται γυναῖκες ἐς ἀμφισβήτησιν πλέονες, ἡ τῷ κλήρῳ λαχοῦσα προτετίμηται.
Conditional protasis ἢν ... ἀφίκωνται governs the main clause προτετίμηται; the comparative πλέονες is attached to γυναῖκες, though its exact semantic force is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Rel | 6 ἀφίκωνται | mark | high | Conditional subordinator, with relative-pronominal form. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἀφίκωνται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ἱερωσύνης | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T- GSFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἱερωσύνης | det | high | |
| 5 | ἱερωσύνης | ἱερωσύνη | NOUN | N-GSFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀμφισβήτησιν | nmod | high | Genitive object of ὑπέρ within the dispute phrase. |
| 6 | ἀφίκωνται | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-PPM-3P | Mood=Subj|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 16 προτετίμηται | advcl | high | Aorist middle subjunctive in the conditional protasis. |
| 7 | γυναῖκες | γυνή | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἀφίκωνται | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 ἀμφισβήτησιν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 9 | ἀμφισβήτησιν | ἀμφισβήτησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀφίκωνται | obl | high | Motion/entry into a dispute; ἐς governs the accusative. |
| 10 | πλέονες | πλείων | ADJ | A-NPF-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 γυναῖκες | amod | medium | Comparative adjective agreeing with γυναῖκες; substantival or predicative nuance is possible. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀφίκωνται | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T- NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 λαχοῦσα | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle phrase. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T- DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 κλήρῳ | det | high | |
| 14 | κλήρῳ | κλῆρος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 λαχοῦσα | obl | high | Dative of means or instrument with λαχοῦσα. |
| 15 | λαχοῦσα | λαγχάνω | VERB | V-APA-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 προτετίμηται | acl | high | Aorist active participle modifying the substantivized ἡ; τῷ κλήρῳ is instrumental dative. |
| 16 | προτετίμηται | προτιμάω | VERB | V-RPM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect middle/passive form; here likely intransitive/passive ‘is preferred’. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 προτετίμηται | punct | high |