Grammar parses for passage 7.26.2
Open translation for this passage
Ὁμήρου δὲ ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν Ὑπερησία ὠνόμασται· τὸ δὲ ὄνομα τὸ νῦν ἐγένετο Ἰώνων ἐποικούντων, ἐγένετο δὲ ἐπʼ αἰτίᾳ τοιᾷδε.
The first clause has Ὑπερησία as subject of ὠνόμασται, with Ὁμήρου γενitive of source/reference and ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν as locative domain. In the second clause, τὸ νῦν is an adverbial accusative modifying ὄνομα/ἐγένετο; ἐποικούντων is a genitive absolute, and τοιᾷδε agrees with αἰτίᾳ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ὁμήρου | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ὠνόμασται | obl | medium | Genitive of source or reference: 'in Homer's poems'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ὠνόμασται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ἔπεσιν | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-PND | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἔπεσιν | det | high | |
| 5 | ἔπεσιν | ἔπος | NOUN | N-DND | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ὠνόμασται | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 6 | Ὑπερησία | Ὑπερησία | PROPN | N-NNF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ὠνόμασται | nsubj | high | Subject of ὠνόμασται. |
| 7 | ὠνόμασται | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-RMP-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive, 'has been named'. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ὠνόμασται | punct | high | |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἐγένετο | cc | high | |
| 11 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐγένετο | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject-like noun with intransitive γίγνομαι; alternatively analyzed as the subject in a naming/evolution construction. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 νῦν | det | high | |
| 13 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 ἐγένετο | advmod | high | Articular temporal expression, 'now/currently'. |
| 14 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 ὠνόμασται | parataxis | high | Second finite clause after the semicolon. |
| 15 | Ἰώνων | Ἴων | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἐποικούντων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 16 | ἐποικούντων | ἐποικέω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 ἐγένετο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute, 'when the Ionians settled there'. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐποικούντων | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 14 ἐγένετο | parataxis | high | Introduces the explanation of the name's origin. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ἐγένετο | cc | high | |
| 20 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 αἰτίᾳ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 21 | αἰτίᾳ | αἰτία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐγένετο | obl | high | Dative of cause with ἐπί. |
| 22 | τοιᾷδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 αἰτίᾳ | amod | high | Agrees with αἰτίᾳ. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐγένετο | punct | high |
Σικυωνίων ἀφίξεσθαι στρατὸς ἔμελλεν αὐτοῖς πολέμιος ἐς τὴν γῆν·
The sentence has an impersonal μέλλω construction: στρατός is the subject of ἔμελλεν, with the complementary infinitive ἀφίξεσθαι; Σικυωνίων is a genitive dependent on στρατός, and αὐτοῖς is a dative of reference/possession with πολέμιος agreeing with στρατός.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Σικυωνίων | Σικυώνιος | ADJ | A- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 στρατὸς | nmod | high | |
| 2 | ἀφίξεσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ἔμελλεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive of ἔμελλεν. |
| 3 | στρατὸς | στρατός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔμελλεν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἔμελλεν | μέλλω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense= Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DM-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 6 πολέμιος | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/possession; attachment to πολέμιος is syntactically possible. |
| 6 | πολέμιος | πολέμιος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 στρατὸς | amod | high | Predicative/attributive adjective agreeing with στρατός. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 9 γῆν | case | high | |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S-DAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 γῆν | det | high | |
| 9 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἀφίξεσθαι | obl | high | Goal complement of ἀφίξεσθαι, governed by ἐς. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔμελλεν | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ ---οὐ γὰρ ἐδόκουν ἀξιόμαχοι τοῖς Σικυωνίοις εἶναι--- ἀθροίζουσιν αἶγας, ὁπόσαι σφίσιν ἦσαν ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ, συλλέξαντες δὲ ἔδησαν πρὸς τοῖς κέρασιν αὐτῶν δᾷδας, καὶ ὡς πρόσω νυκτὸς ἦν, ἐξάπτουσι τὰς δᾷδας.
The parenthetical οὐ γὰρ ἐδόκουν ... εἶναι interrupts the main clause; ὁπόσαι ... ἦσαν is a relative-like clause modifying αἶγας, and the final ὡς-clause is temporal.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἀθροίζουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἀθροίζουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐδόκουν | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthetical material. |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐδόκουν | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthetical material. |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐδόκουν | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthetical material. |
| 6 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 8 ἐδόκουν | advmod | high | |
| 7 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἐδόκουν | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἐδόκουν | δοκέω | VERB | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 16 ἀθροίζουσιν | parataxis | high | Parenthetical imperfect; subject is understood οἱ. |
| 9 | ἀξιόμαχοι | ἀξιόμαχος | ADJ | A--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with infinitive εἶναι. |
| 10 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T---DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 Σικυωνίοις | det | high | |
| 11 | Σικυωνίοις | Σικυώνιος | PROPN | A--DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐδόκουν | obl | high | Dative of comparison/judgment. |
| 12 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἐδόκουν | xcomp | high | |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐδόκουν | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthetical material. |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐδόκουν | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthetical material. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐδόκουν | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthetical material. |
| 16 | ἀθροίζουσιν | ἀθροίζω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | αἶγας | αἴξ | NOUN | N---AFP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἀθροίζουσιν | obj | high | |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἀθροίζουσιν | punct | high | |
| 19 | ὁπόσαι | ὁπόσος | PRON | P---NFP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Relative-like quantity pronoun agreeing with αἶγας. |
| 20 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P---DPM- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 21 ἦσαν | obl | high | Possessive dative with ἦσαν. |
| 21 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 16 ἀθροίζουσιν | acl:relcl | high | |
| 22 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 χώρᾳ | case | high | |
| 23 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T---DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 χώρᾳ | det | high | |
| 24 | χώρᾳ | χώρα | NOUN | N---DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἦσαν | obl | high | |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἀθροίζουσιν | punct | high | |
| 26 | συλλέξαντες | συλλέγω | VERB | V-AAPMPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 28 ἔδησαν | advcl | high | Aorist participle, anterior to ἔδησαν. |
| 27 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 ἔδησαν | cc | high | |
| 28 | ἔδησαν | δέω | VERB | V3PAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 ἀθροίζουσιν | conj | high | |
| 29 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 κέρασιν | case | high | |
| 30 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T---DPN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 κέρασιν | det | high | |
| 31 | κέρασιν | κέρας | NOUN | N---DPN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ἔδησαν | obl | high | πρός with dative: at/by the horns. |
| 32 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P---GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 31 κέρασιν | nmod:poss | high | Possessive genitive referring to the goats. |
| 33 | δᾷδας | δαΐς | NOUN | N---AFP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 28 ἔδησαν | obj | high | |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἔδησαν | punct | high | |
| 35 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 41 ἐξάπτουσι | cc | high | |
| 36 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 39 ἦν | mark | high | Temporal subordinate clause. |
| 37 | πρόσω | πρόσω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 39 ἦν | advmod | medium | Adverb meaning ‘far on/late’; exact temporal nuance is context-dependent. |
| 38 | νυκτὸς | νύξ | NOUN | N---GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 πρόσω | obl | medium | Genitive in temporal expression with πρόσω. |
| 39 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 41 ἐξάπτουσι | advcl | high | Impersonal temporal clause: ‘when it was late in the night’. |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 41 ἐξάπτουσι | punct | high | |
| 41 | ἐξάπτουσι | ἐξάπτω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 28 ἔδησαν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; subject understood οἱ. |
| 42 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T---APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 43 δᾷδας | det | high | |
| 43 | δᾷδας | δαΐς | NOUN | N---AFP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 41 ἐξάπτουσι | obj | high | |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 41 ἐξάπτουσι | punct | high |