Grammar parses for passage 7.27.3
Open translation for this passage
ὑπὲρ δὲ τὸν ναὸν τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς ἐστιν ἄλσος περιῳκοδομημένον τείχει Σωτείρας ἐπίκλησιν Ἀρτέμιδος, καὶ ὀμνύουσιν ἐπὶ μεγίστοις αὐτήν·
The first clause is existential: ἄλσος is the subject of ἐστιν, with περιῳκοδομημένον agreeing with it. Σωτείρας ἐπίκλησιν is an appositional naming phrase for Artemis; ἐπὶ μεγίστοις is the idiom ‘on the most important matters/oaths’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 ναὸν | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἄλσος | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | ART | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ναὸν | det | high | |
| 4 | ναὸν | ναός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | obl | high | Object of ὑπέρ. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | ART | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀθηνᾶς | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ναὸν | nmod | high | |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Postposed existential subject. |
| 9 | περιῳκοδομημένον | περιῳκοδομέω | VERB | V-RPP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 ἄλσος | acl | high | Perfect passive participle modifying ἄλσος. |
| 10 | τείχει | τεῖχος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 περιῳκοδομημένον | obl | medium | Dative of means/instrument with περιῳκοδομημένον. |
| 11 | Σωτείρας | σωτείρα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπίκλησιν | nmod | high | Genitive in the appositional naming phrase. |
| 12 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀρτέμιδος | appos | medium | Accusative naming/appositional phrase, ‘by the epithet Soteira’; syntax is somewhat elliptical. |
| 13 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 περιῳκοδομημένον | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on the naming expression: Artemis called Soteira. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ὀμνύουσιν | cc | high | |
| 16 | ὀμνύουσιν | ὀμνύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ἐστιν | conj | high | Impersonal/plural subject understood from local inhabitants. |
| 17 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 18 μεγίστοις | case | high | With dative in the idiom ἐπὶ μεγίστοις. |
| 18 | μεγίστοις | μέγας | ADJ | A-DPN | Case=Dat|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ὀμνύουσιν | obl | high | Substantivized neuter plural superlative. |
| 19 | αὐτήν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 16 ὀμνύουσιν | obj | high | Object of ὀμνύουσιν, referring to Artemis. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἔσοδός τε πλὴν τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν ἄλλῳ γε οὐδενὶ ἔστιν ἀνθρώπων.
ἔσοδός is the existential subject; ἔστιν takes a dative possessor/accessibility construction, with πλὴν governing the dative exception phrase τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν and ἄλλῳ οὐδενί coordinated/modified as ‘to no other one’; ἀνθρώπων is a partitive genitive dependent on οὐδενί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔσοδός | ἔσοδος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 ἔσοδός | cc | high | |
| 3 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | P | _ | 5 ἱερεῦσιν | case | high | Exception preposition governing the dative phrase. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RA-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἱερεῦσιν | det | high | |
| 5 | ἱερεῦσιν | ἱερεύς | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἔστιν | obl | high | Dative complement of ἔστιν, within the πλὴν exception phrase. |
| 6 | ἄλλῳ | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 οὐδενὶ | amod | high | Dative adjective modifying οὐδενί. |
| 7 | γε | γε | PART | X | _ | 8 οὐδενὶ | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 8 | οὐδενὶ | οὐδείς | PRON | A-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔστιν | obl | high | Dative of the person for whom entry is unavailable; modified by ἄλλῳ γε. |
| 9 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 οὐδενὶ | nmod | medium | Partitive genitive dependent on οὐδενί; analysis is somewhat construction-sensitive. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | punct | high |
ἱερεῖς δὲ ἄνδρες τῶν ἐπιχωρίων εἰσὶ κατὰ δόξαν γένους μάλιστα αἱρούμενοι.
The copular predicate is εἰσὶ ἱερεῖς, with ἄνδρες as an explanatory apposition; τῶν ἐπιχωρίων is a genitive dependent on ἄνδρες, while αἱρούμενοι agrees with the priests/men and κατὰ δόξαν γένους expresses selection according to lineage reputation. The exact scope of γένους is somewhat interpretively uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἱερεῖς | ἱερεύς | NOUN | N--MPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 εἰσὶ | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative with εἰσὶ; nominative plural masculine. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 εἰσὶ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄνδρες | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N--MPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἱερεῖς | appos | high | Appositional specification of ἱερεῖς. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐπιχωρίων | det | high | Genitive masculine plural article. |
| 5 | ἐπιχωρίων | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἄνδρες | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘local men’; dependent on ἄνδρες. |
| 6 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 7 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 δόξαν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative δόξαν. |
| 8 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 αἱρούμενοι | obl | high | Accusative object of κατά; adverbial standard or criterion of selection. |
| 9 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | N--GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 δόξαν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on δόξαν, likely ‘reputation/standing of lineage’; attachment may alternatively be construed with αἱρούμενοι. |
| 10 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 11 αἱρούμενοι | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying αἱρούμενοι. |
| 11 | αἱρούμενοι | αἱρέω | VERB | V-PPM-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 ἱερεῖς | acl | medium | Present middle participle agreeing with ἱερεῖς/ἄνδρες; semantically ‘being chosen’; could be analyzed as a supplementary predicate with εἰσὶ. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἰσὶ | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τοῦ δὲ ἄλσους τῆς Σωτείρας ἱερὸν ἀπαντικρὺ Διονύσου Λαμπτῆρός ἐστιν ἐπίκλησιν·
Copular clause: ἱερόν is the subject/predicate nominal of ἐστιν, with τοῦ ἄλσους τῆς Σωτείρας as a genitive specification; ἀπαντικρύ governs the genitive Διονύσου Λαμπτήρος, while ἐπίκλησιν is an accusative of respect/name (ἐπίκλησιν [sc. ἔχει]).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἄλσους | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 10 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄλσους | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-----GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Σωτείρας | det | high | |
| 5 | Σωτείρας | Σωτείρα | PROPN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἄλσους | nmod | high | Divine epithet/name. |
| 6 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | A-----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘sanctuary/temple’. |
| 7 | ἀπαντικρὺ | ἀπαντικρύ | ADV | D--------- | _ | 10 ἐστιν | advmod | medium | Adverbial ‘opposite’; its genitive complement is attached below. |
| 8 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀπαντικρὺ | obl | medium | Genitive governed by ἀπαντικρύ. |
| 9 | Λαμπτῆρός | Λαμπτήρ | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Διονύσου | appos | high | Epithet/appositional name of Διονύσου. |
| 10 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | obl | low | Accusative of respect/name; construction is somewhat elliptical, with an understood verb such as ἔχει. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τούτῳ καὶ Λαμπτήρια ἑορτὴν ἄγουσι, καὶ δᾷδάς τε ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν κομίζουσιν ἐν νυκτὶ καὶ οἴνου κρατῆρας ἱστᾶσιν ἀνὰ τὴν πόλιν πᾶσαν.
Το δεύτερο καὶ συνδέει δύο κύριες προτάσεις με κοινό υποκείμενο· τούτῳ είναι δοτική αναφοράς («προς τιμήν αυτού»), ενώ το Λαμπτήρια είναι αιτιατική ονομασία της εορτής, σε παράθεση με ἑορτήν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | PD-DM-S---D-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἄγουσι | obl | high | Δοτική αναφοράς ή τιμητικού σκοπού. |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 5 ἄγουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | Λαμπτήρια | Λαμπτήρια | PROPN | NeuterAccPlural | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἑορτὴν | appos | medium | Όνομα εορτής, ουδέτερο πληθυντικό· αναλύεται ως παράθεση στο ἑορτήν. |
| 4 | ἑορτὴν | ἑορτή | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἄγουσι | obj | high | |
| 5 | ἄγουσι | ἄγω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἄγουσι | punct | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 13 κομίζουσιν | cc | high | Συνδέει τη δεύτερη κύρια πρόταση. |
| 8 | δᾷδάς | δαΐς | NOUN | N-PAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 κομίζουσιν | obj | medium | Η γραφή δᾷδάς αντιστοιχεί στο δᾷδας/δαΐδας, «πυρσούς». |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 8 δᾷδάς | cc | high | Συνδέει το αντικείμενο με τα επόμενα συμφραζόμενα. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R------A- | _ | 12 ἱερὸν | case | high | |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἱερὸν | det | high | |
| 12 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 κομίζουσιν | obl | high | Ουσιαστικοποιημένο επίθετο, «το ιερό». |
| 13 | κομίζουσιν | κομίζω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἄγουσι | conj | high | Παρατακτικά συνδεδεμένο με το ἄγουσι. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R------D- | _ | 15 νυκτὶ | case | high | |
| 15 | νυκτὶ | νύξ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 κομίζουσιν | obl | high | Χρονικός προσδιορισμός. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 19 ἱστᾶσιν | cc | high | Συνδέει το ἱστᾶσιν με το κομίζουσιν. |
| 17 | οἴνου | οἶνος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 κρατῆρας | nmod | high | Γενική περιεχομένου/ύλης: κρατῆρες οἴνου. |
| 18 | κρατῆρας | κρατήρ | NOUN | N-PAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἱστᾶσιν | obj | high | |
| 19 | ἱστᾶσιν | ἵστημι | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 κομίζουσιν | conj | high | Τρίτο ρήμα με κοινό υποκείμενο· ἱστᾶσιν = «στήνουν». |
| 20 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | R------A- | _ | 22 πόλιν | case | high | |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 22 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἱστᾶσιν | obl | high | Χωρικός προσδιορισμός με ἀνά. |
| 23 | πᾶσαν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 πόλιν | amod | high | |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἄγουσι | punct | high |