Grammar parses for passage 7.3.9
Open translation for this passage
ἐς δὲ τὴν νῆσον διέβησαν δὴ κατὰ τὸ Περσῶν δέος.
The finite verb διέβησαν is the root; ἐς τὴν νῆσον is its directional complement. κατὰ τὸ Περσῶν δέος is an idiomatic κατά-phrase, likely expressing motivation/circumstance (‘because of fear of the Persians’); the exact semantic relation is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 νῆσον | case | high | Directional preposition governing τὴν νῆσον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 διέβησαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 νῆσον | det | high | |
| 4 | νῆσον | νῆσος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 διέβησαν | obl | high | Accusative complement of εἰς, functioning as directional oblique. |
| 5 | διέβησαν | διαβαίνω | VERB | V-3PAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 5 διέβησαν | advmod | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 7 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 10 δέος | case | medium | Governs the accusative phrase τὸ Περσῶν δέος; semantic force is contextual. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 δέος | det | high | |
| 9 | Περσῶν | Πέρσης | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 δέος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δέος: fear of the Persians. |
| 10 | δέος | δέος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 διέβησαν | obl | medium | Object of κατά; the phrase may denote motive or circumstance. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 διέβησαν | punct | high |
Ἀλέξανδρος δὲ ἀνὰ χρόνον ἔμελλεν ὁ Φιλίππου χερρόνησον Κλαζομενὰς ἐργάσεσθαι χώματι ἐς τὴν νῆσον ἐκ τῆς ἠπείρου.
The construction means Alexander intended in time to turn the Chersonese of Philip into a mole/causeway to the island from the mainland. ἔμελλεν governs the future infinitive ἐργάσεσθαι; χερρόνησον is the object, with Κλαζομενὰς appositional/genitival specification. The phrase ἀνὰ χρόνον is adverbial, and the final prepositional phrases express material and direction/source.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἔμελλεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 ἔμελλεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 4 χρόνον | case | medium | With χρόνον, adverbial duration/time expression. |
| 4 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | na----ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἔμελλεν | obl | medium | Accusative of time/duration with ἀνά. |
| 5 | ἔμελλεν | μέλλω | VERB | v3siia--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Φιλίππου | det | high | Article associated with the following genitive name phrase. |
| 7 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | ne----mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 χερρόνησον | nmod | medium | Genitive of association/possession: Philip's Chersonese. |
| 8 | χερρόνησον | χερρόνησος | NOUN | nb----fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐργάσεσθαι | obj | medium | Object of ἐργάσεσθαι; article/name phrase is textually unusual. |
| 9 | Κλαζομενὰς | Κλαζομεναί | PROPN | ne----fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 χερρόνησον | nmod | low | Likely genitive proper name specifying the Chersonese; form is potentially textual/orthographic variant. |
| 10 | ἐργάσεσθαι | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | v--anm--- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 5 ἔμελλεν | xcomp | high | Future middle infinitive complementary to ἔμελλεν. |
| 11 | χώματι | χῶμα | NOUN | nb----nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐργάσεσθαι | obl | high | Dative of material/instrument. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 14 νῆσον | case | high | |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 νῆσον | det | high | |
| 14 | νῆσον | νῆσος | NOUN | nb----fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐργάσεσθαι | obl | high | Goal/direction with ἐς. |
| 15 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 17 ἠπείρου | case | high | |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἠπείρου | det | high | |
| 17 | ἠπείρου | ἤπειρος | NOUN | nb----fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 νῆσον | nmod | high | Source phrase, ‘from the mainland,’ modifying the directional construction. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔμελλεν | punct | high |