Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 7.4.4

← 7.4.3 7.4.5 →

Passage 7.4.4

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4sentences parsed

100Greek tokens

3,276input tokens

7,381output tokens

Sentence 1

7.4.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 26
Input: 835
Output: 1,937
Total: 2,772

τὸ δὲ ἱερὸν τὸ ἐν Σάμῳ τῆς Ἥρας εἰσὶν οἳ ἱδρύσασθαί φασι τοὺς ἐν τῇ Ἀργοῖ πλέοντας, ἐπάγεσθαι δὲ αὐτοὺς τὸ ἄγαλμα ἐξ Ἄργους·

The copular clause has τὸ ἱερόν as subject and εἰσὶν οἳ as an existential construction; οἳ introduces proponents whose infinitival claims are coordinated (ἱδρύσασθαι ... ἐπάγεσθαι). The article τὸ before ἐν Σάμῳ τῆς Ἥρας is appositional/reduplicative with ἱερόν; τῆς Ἥρας is a dependent genitive, likely specifying the sanctuary of Hera. The infinitival subjects are τοὺς ... πλέοντας and αὐτούς respectively.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	3 ἱερὸν	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G---------	_	9 εἰσὶν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἱερὸν	ἱερός	NOUN	A-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 εἰσὶν	nsubj	high	Substantivized adjective, subject of εἰσίν.
4	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	3 ἱερὸν	det	medium	Repeated article introducing an appositional/local specification.
5	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R---------	_	6 Σάμῳ	case	high
6	Σάμῳ	Σάμος	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 ἱερὸν	nmod	high	Place-name in a prepositional modifier.
7	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 Ἥρας	det	high
8	Ἥρας	Ἥρα	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 ἱερὸν	nmod	high	Genitive specifying the deity to whom the sanctuary belongs.
9	εἰσὶν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Existential/copular finite verb.
10	οἳ	ὅς	PRON	P-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 εἰσὶν	expl	medium	Relative-form pronoun in the existential construction, introducing the proponents.
11	ἱδρύσασθαί	ἱδρύω	VERB	V-2AMN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	12 φασι	xcomp	high	Infinitive governed by φασι.
12	φασι	φημί	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	10 οἳ	acl:relcl	high	Verb of saying in the clause introduced by οἳ.
13	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 πλέοντας	det	high
14	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R---------	_	16 Ἀργοῖ	case	high
15	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 Ἀργοῖ	det	high
16	Ἀργοῖ	Ἀργώ	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 πλέοντας	obl	high	Name of the ship, governed by ἐν.
17	πλέοντας	πλέω	VERB	V-PAP-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	11 ἱδρύσασθαί	obj	high	Accusative participial group functioning as the infinitive's subject.
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	12 φασι	punct	high
19	ἐπάγεσθαι	ἐπάγω	VERB	V-PMN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	12 φασι	xcomp	high	Second infinitive coordinated with ἱδρύσασθαι.
20	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G---------	_	19 ἐπάγεσθαι	cc	high	Postpositive connective coordinating the second infinitive.
21	αὐτοὺς	αὐτός	PRON	P-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 ἐπάγεσθαι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the second infinitive.
22	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	23 ἄγαλμα	det	high
23	ἄγαλμα	ἄγαλμα	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	19 ἐπάγεσθαι	obj	high	Object of ἐπάγεσθαι.
24	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	R---------	_	25 Ἄργους	case	high
25	Ἄργους	Ἄργος	PROPN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	19 ἐπάγεσθαι	obl	high	Point of departure with ἐξ.
26	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	9 εἰσὶν	punct	high

Sentence 2

7.4.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 27
Input: 850
Output: 1,937
Total: 2,787

Σάμιοι δὲ αὐτοὶ τεχθῆναι νομίζουσιν ἐν τῇ νήσῳ τὴν θεὸν παρὰ τῷ Ἰμβράσῳ ποταμῷ καὶ ὑπὸ τῇ λύγῳ τῇ ἐν τῷ Ἡραίῳ κατʼ ἐμὲ ἔτι πεφυκυίᾳ.

The infinitive τεχθῆναι is governed by νομίζουσιν, with τὴν θεόν as its accusative subject; the three locative phrases specify the reported birthplace and setting.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Σάμιοι	Σάμιος	PROPN	A-----NM-P	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 νομίζουσιν	nsubj	high	Samians, subject of νομίζουσιν.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	5 νομίζουσιν	cc	high
3	αὐτοὶ	αὐτός	PRON	P-----NM-P	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Int	1 Σάμιοι	appos	high	Emphatic pronoun, agreeing with Σάμιοι.
4	τεχθῆναι	τίκτω	VERB	V---ANM---	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Pass	5 νομίζουσιν	ccomp	high	Aorist passive infinitive in the accusative-and-infinitive construction.
5	νομίζουσιν	νομίζω	VERB	V-3PAAI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
6	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P-----	AdpType=Prep	8 νήσῳ	case	high
7	τῇ	ὁ	DET	L-SFD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 νήσῳ	det	high
8	νήσῳ	νῆσος	NOUN	N-SFD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 τεχθῆναι	obl	high	Location of the birth.
9	τὴν	ὁ	DET	L-SFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 θεὸν	det	high
10	θεὸν	θεός	NOUN	N-SFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 τεχθῆναι	obj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive.
11	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	P-----	AdpType=Prep	14 ποταμῷ	case	high
12	τῷ	ὁ	DET	L-SMD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 ποταμῷ	det	high
13	Ἰμβράσῳ	Ἴμβρασος	PROPN	N-SMD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 ποταμῷ	compound	high	Proper name modifying ποταμῷ.
14	ποταμῷ	ποταμός	NOUN	N-SMD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 τεχθῆναι	obl	high	Location with παρά.
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	18 λύγῳ	cc	high
16	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	P-----	AdpType=Prep	18 λύγῳ	case	high
17	τῇ	ὁ	DET	L-SFD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	18 λύγῳ	det	high
18	λύγῳ	λύγος	NOUN	N-SFD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 τεχθῆναι	obl	high	Under/by the osier tree; ὑπό takes dative here.
19	τῇ	ὁ	DET	L-SFD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	26 πεφυκυίᾳ	det	high	Article introducing a restrictive/locative participial phrase.
20	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P-----	AdpType=Prep	22 Ἡραίῳ	case	high
21	τῷ	ὁ	DET	L-SND	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	22 Ἡραίῳ	det	high
22	Ἡραίῳ	Ἡραῖον	PROPN	N-SND	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	26 πεφυκυίᾳ	obl	high	The Heraion, location of πεφυκυίᾳ.
23	κατʼ	κατά	ADP	P-----	AdpType=Prep	24 ἐμὲ	case	high	κατʼ ἐμέ means in my judgment.
24	ἐμὲ	ἐγώ	PRON	P-1SA	Case=Acc\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	26 πεφυκυίᾳ	obl	high	Object of κατά in the idiom κατʼ ἐμέ.
25	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D--------	_	26 πεφυκυίᾳ	advmod	high
26	πεφυκυίᾳ	φύω	VERB	V-SFARP-D	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	18 λύγῳ	acl	medium	Perfect active participle agreeing with λύγῳ; describes the tree still growing. Article is substantivizing/identifying the participial phrase.
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	5 νομίζουσιν	punct	high

Sentence 3

7.4.4 sentence 3

Tokens: 31
Input: 877
Output: 2,352
Total: 3,229

εἶναι δʼ οὖν τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦτο ἐν τοῖς μάλιστα ἀρχαῖον ὃ οὐχ ἥκιστα ἄν τις καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ ἀγάλματι τεκμαίροιτο· ἔστι γὰρ δὴ ἀνδρὸς ἔργον Αἰγινήτου Σμίλιδος τοῦ Εὐκλείδου.

Infinitival clause with implied copula has τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦτο as subject and ἀρχαῖον as predicate; ὃ introduces a relative clause modifying ἀρχαῖον/whole assertion, with τεκμαίροιτο taking ἐπὶ τῷ ἀγάλματι as its evidential basis. The final ἔστι clause identifies the sanctuary as the work of Smilis, with Αἰγινήτου and τοῦ Εὐκλείδου dependent on the proper name.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V--PAN---	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	10 ἀρχαῖον	cop	high
2	δʼ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	1 εἶναι	cc	high	Apodotic/continuative particle.
3	οὖν	οὖν	ADV	D--------	_	1 εἶναι	advmod	high
4	τὸ	ὁ	DET	S---NA---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 ἱερὸν	det	high	Form is syncretic nominative/accusative; nominative as infinitive subject.
5	ἱερὸν	ἱερός	NOUN	N-S---NA-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ἀρχαῖον	nsubj	high	Substantivized neuter adjective, sanctuary.
6	τοῦτο	οὗτος	PRON	P-D---NA-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	5 ἱερὸν	det	high	Demonstrative agreeing with τὸ ἱερόν.
7	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	9 μάλιστα	case	high
8	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	S---PD---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	9 μάλιστα	det	high	Article in substantivized superlative phrase.
9	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	D--------	Degree=Sup	10 ἀρχαῖον	advmod	high	ἐν τοῖς μάλιστα: among the very oldest/most ancient.
10	ἀρχαῖον	ἀρχαῖος	ADJ	A-S---NA-	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	medium	Predicate adjective; εἶναι is copula. Superlative force arises from ἐν τοῖς μάλιστα.
11	ὃ	ὅς	PRON	P-S---NA-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	20 τεκμαίροιτο	nsubj	medium	Relative pronoun, likely referring to τὸ ἱερόν/τοῦτο or the preceding assertion; nominative subject of τεκμαίροιτο.
12	οὐχ	οὐ	PART	T--------	Polarity=Neg	13 ἥκιστα	advmod	high
13	ἥκιστα	ἥκιστα	ADV	D--------	Degree=Sup	20 τεκμαίροιτο	advmod	high	With οὐχ, emphatic ‘not least/especially’.
14	ἄν	ἄν	PART	T--------	_	20 τεκμαίροιτο	aux	high	Modal particle.
15	τις	τις	PRON	P-S---NM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	20 τεκμαίροιτο	nsubj	high	Indefinite generic subject, ‘one’.
16	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	20 τεκμαίροιτο	cc	high	Adverbial/enclitic καί, ‘also’.
17	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R--------	_	19 ἀγάλματι	case	high	With dative.
18	τῷ	ὁ	DET	S-DS---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	19 ἀγάλματι	det	high
19	ἀγάλματι	ἄγαλμα	NOUN	N-SD---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 τεκμαίροιτο	obl	high	Basis from which one may infer.
20	τεκμαίροιτο	τεκμαίρομαι	VERB	V3SOM---	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	10 ἀρχαῖον	acl:relcl	medium	Potential optative in relative clause; middle voice.
21	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	10 ἀρχαῖον	punct	high
22	ἔστι	εἰμί	AUX	V3SPIA---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	26 ἔργον	cop	high	Existential/identificational copula.
23	γὰρ	γάρ	CCONJ	C--------	_	26 ἔργον	cc	high	Explanatory conjunction.
24	δὴ	δή	PART	T--------	_	22 ἔστι	advmod	high	Emphatic particle.
25	ἀνδρὸς	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-SG---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	26 ἔργον	nmod:poss	high	Possessive/subjective genitive, ‘of a man’.
26	ἔργον	ἔργον	NOUN	N-SN---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	medium	Predicate nominal of ἔστι; coordinated explanatory clause after the semicolon.
27	Αἰγινήτου	Αἰγινήτης	PROPN	Ne-SG---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 Σμίλιδος	nmod	high	Ethnic genitive, ‘Aeginetan’.
28	Σμίλιδος	Σμίλις	PROPN	Ne-SG---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	26 ἔργον	nmod:poss	high	Genitive proper name dependent on ἔργον: work of Smilis.
29	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	S-GMS---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	30 Εὐκλείδου	det	high
30	Εὐκλείδου	Εὐκλείδης	PROPN	Ne-SG---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 Σμίλιδος	nmod:poss	high	Patronymic/filiation genitive, ‘son/descendant of Eucleides’.
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	26 ἔργον	punct	high

Sentence 4

7.4.4 sentence 4

Tokens: 16
Input: 714
Output: 1,155
Total: 1,869

οὗτος ὁ Σμῖλίς ἐστιν ἡλικίαν κατὰ Δαίδαλον, δόξης δὲ οὐκ ἐς τὸ ἴσον ἀφίκετο·

The first clause is an equative statement with ἡλικίαν κατὰ Δαίδαλον as an accusative comparison/extent phrase; the second clause is coordinated, with genitive δόξης expressing respect and ἐς τὸ ἴσον the goal of ἀφίκετο.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οὗτος	οὗτος	PRON	PD-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	4 ἐστιν	nsubj	high
2	ὁ	ὁ	DET	DA-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	3 Σμῖλίς	det	high
3	Σμῖλίς	Σμῖλις	PROPN	NE-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	Personal name; predicate structure with ἐστιν.
4	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
5	ἡλικίαν	ἡλικία	NOUN	N-AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 Δαίδαλον	obj	medium	Accusative of respect/extent: 'of the same age'.
6	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	P	_	7 Δαίδαλον	case	high
7	Δαίδαλον	Δαίδαλος	PROPN	NE-AMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἐστιν	obl	high	Comparison phrase κατὰ Δαίδαλον; accusative governed by κατά.
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἐστιν	punct	high
9	δόξης	δόξα	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 ἀφίκετο	obl	high	Genitive of respect: 'in reputation'.
10	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	15 ἀφίκετο	cc	high
11	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	D	Polarity=Neg	15 ἀφίκετο	advmod	high
12	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	14 ἴσον	case	high
13	τὸ	ὁ	DET	DA-NSA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 ἴσον	det	high
14	ἴσον	ἴσος	ADJ	A-NSA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	15 ἀφίκετο	obl	high	Substantivized neuter adjective: 'the equal/level'.
15	ἀφίκετο	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V-AMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	4 ἐστιν	conj	high	Coordinated predicate: 'did not attain/reach'.
16	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἐστιν	punct	high

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