Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 7.4.8

← 7.4.77.4.9 →

Passage 7.4.8

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
94Greek tokens
2,611input tokens
6,434output tokens
Sentence 1

7.4.8 sentence 1

Tokens
48
Input
1,066
Output
3,258
Total
4,324

Ἴωνι δὲ τῷ ποιήσαντι τραγῳδίαν ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ συγγραφῇ τοιάδε εἰρημένα, Ποσειδῶνα ἐς τὴν νῆσον ἔρημον οὖσαν ἀφικέσθαι καὶ νύμφῃ τε ἐνταῦθα συγγενέσθαι καὶ ὑπὸ τὰς ὠδῖνας τῆς νύμφης χιόνα ἐξ οὐρανοῦ πεσεῖν ἐς τὴν γῆν, καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου Ποσειδῶνα τῷ παιδὶ ὄνομα θέσθαι Χίον·

Indirect statement with ἐστίν governing a sequence of infinitival clauses; several participles are attributive or circumstantial, and the syntax of τοιάδε εἰρημένα and Χίον is somewhat loose.

punct xcomp xcomp xcomp cc xcomp cc punct nsubj obl iobj ccomp obl discourse cc punct nsubj amod obl obl iobj nsubj obl case case acl case nmod case iobj det obj det nsubj:caus det amod discourse advmod det det case obl det case det obj xcomp root 1 Ἴωνι Ἴων / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 τῷ ὁ / DET 4 ποιήσαντι ποιέω / VERB 5 τραγῳδίαν τραγῳδία / NOUN 6 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 7 ἐν ἐν / ADP 8 τῇ ὁ / DET 9 συγγραφῇ συγγραφή / NOUN 10 τοιάδε τοιόσδε / ADJ 11 εἰρημένα λέγω / VERB 12 , , / PUNCT 13 Ποσειδῶνα Ποσειδῶν / PROPN 14 ἐς εἰς / ADP 15 τὴν ὁ / DET 16 νῆσον νῆσος / NOUN 17 ἔρημον ἔρημος / ADJ 18 οὖσαν εἰμί / VERB 19 ἀφικέσθαι ἀφικνέομαι / VERB 20 καὶ καί / CCONJ 21 νύμφῃ νύμφη / NOUN 22 τε τε / PART 23 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 24 συγγενέσθαι συγγίγνομαι / VERB 25 καὶ καί / CCONJ 26 ὑπὸ ὑπό / ADP 27 τὰς ὁ / DET 28 ὠδῖνας ὠδῖν / NOUN 29 τῆς ὁ / DET 30 νύμφης νύμφη / NOUN 31 χιόνα χίων / NOUN 32 ἐξ ἐκ / ADP 33 οὐρανοῦ οὐρανός / NOUN 34 πεσεῖν πίπτω / VERB 35 ἐς εἰς / ADP 36 τὴν ὁ / DET 37 γῆν γῆ / NOUN 38 , , / PUNCT 39 καὶ καί / CCONJ 40 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 41 τούτου οὗτος / PRON 42 Ποσειδῶνα Ποσειδῶν / PROPN 43 τῷ ὁ / DET 44 παιδὶ παῖς / NOUN 45 ὄνομα ὄνομα / NOUN 46 θέσθαι τίθημι / VERB 47 Χίον Χίος / PROPN 48 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἼωνιἼωνPROPN_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἐστὶνiobjhighDative of reference with ἐστίν.
2δὲδέPART__6 ἐστὶνdiscoursehighPostpositive particle.
3τῷDET_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ποιήσαντιdethighArticle modifying participle.
4ποιήσαντιποιέωVERB_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act1 ἼωνιamodhighAttributive participle with Ἴωνι.
5τραγῳδίαντραγῳδίαNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 ποιήσαντιobjhighObject of ποιήσαντι.
6ἐστὶνεἰμίAUX_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb.
7ἐνἐνADP__9 συγγραφῇcasehighIntroduces prepositional phrase.
8τῇDET_Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 συγγραφῇdethighArticle with συγγραφῇ.
9συγγραφῇσυγγραφήNOUN_Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 ἐστὶνoblhighLocative/instrumental adjunct.
10τοιάδετοιόσδεADJ_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur11 εἰρημέναnsubj:causmediumNeuter plural substantive with εἰρημένα; syntax somewhat loose.
11εἰρημέναλέγωVERB_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid6 ἐστὶνccomphighComplement content of ἐστίν.
12,,PUNCT__6 ἐστὶνpuncthighPunctuation.
13ΠοσειδῶναΠοσειδῶνPROPN_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ἀφικέσθαιnsubjhighSubject of infinitive ἀφικέσθαι.
14ἐςεἰςADP__16 νῆσονcasehighPreposition.
15τὴνDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 νῆσονdethighArticle with νῆσον.
16νῆσοννῆσοςNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing19 ἀφικέσθαιoblhighGoal of motion.
17ἔρημονἔρημοςADJ_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 νῆσονamodhighAttributive adjective.
18οὖσανεἰμίVERB_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act16 νῆσονaclhighParticipial modifier of νῆσον.
19ἀφικέσθαιἀφικνέομαιVERB_Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid11 εἰρημέναxcomphighInfinitival content of εἰρημένα.
20καὶκαίCCONJ__24 συγγενέσθαιcchighCoordinator.
21νύμφῃνύμφηNOUN_Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing24 συγγενέσθαιiobjhighDative with συγγενέσθαι.
22τετεPART__21 νύμφῃdiscoursemediumEnclitic connective particle; attachment uncertain.
23ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADV__24 συγγενέσθαιadvmodhighLocative adverb.
24συγγενέσθαισυγγίγνομαιVERB_Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid11 εἰρημέναxcomphighSecond coordinated infinitive content.
25καὶκαίCCONJ__34 πεσεῖνcchighCoordinator.
26ὑπὸὑπόADP__28 ὠδῖναςcasehighPreposition.
27τὰςDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur28 ὠδῖναςdethighArticle with ὠδῖνας.
28ὠδῖναςὠδῖνNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur34 πεσεῖνoblhighPrepositional phrase with ὑπό.
29τῆςDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing30 νύμφηςdethighArticle with νύμφης.
30νύμφηςνύμφηNOUN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing28 ὠδῖναςnmodhighGenitive dependent of ὠδῖνας.
31χιόναχίωνNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing34 πεσεῖνnsubjmediumLikely subject of πεσεῖν; form may be accusative by attraction in indirect discourse.
32ἐξἐκADP__33 οὐρανοῦcasehighPreposition.
33οὐρανοῦοὐρανόςNOUN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing34 πεσεῖνoblhighSource of motion/falling.
34πεσεῖνπίπτωVERB_Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act11 εἰρημέναxcomphighThird infinitival clause.
35ἐςεἰςADP__37 γῆνcasehighPreposition.
36τὴνDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing37 γῆνdethighArticle with γῆν.
37γῆνγῆNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing34 πεσεῖνoblhighGoal of falling.
38,,PUNCT__34 πεσεῖνpuncthighPunctuation.
39καὶκαίCCONJ__46 θέσθαιcchighCoordinator.
40ἀπὸἀπόADP__41 τούτουcasehighPreposition.
41τούτουοὗτοςPRON_Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing46 θέσθαιoblhighTemporal/source adjunct.
42ΠοσειδῶναΠοσειδῶνPROPN_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing46 θέσθαιnsubjhighSubject of infinitive θέσθαι.
43τῷDET_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing44 παιδὶdethighArticle with παιδὶ.
44παιδὶπαῖςNOUN_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing46 θέσθαιiobjhighIndirect object/recipient.
45ὄνομαὄνομαNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing46 θέσθαιobjhighObject of θέσθαι.
46θέσθαιτίθημιVERB_Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid11 εἰρημέναxcomphighFinal infinitival clause in indirect statement.
47ΧίονΧίοςPROPN_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing46 θέσθαιxcompmediumPredicative/appositional name after ὄνομα; analysis uncertain.
48··PUNCT__6 ἐστὶνpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 2

7.4.8 sentence 2

Tokens
16
Input
708
Output
1,164
Total
1,872

συγγενέσθαι δὲ αὐτὸν καὶ ἑτέρᾳ νύμφῃ, καὶ γενέσθαι οἱ παῖδας Ἄγελόν τε καὶ Μέλανα·

The sentence is an ellipted historical infinitive sequence; token 10 is morphologically problematic in context, but most likely functions as an article with the following accusative plural noun.

punct conj punct obl cc conj obj obj cc discourse amod cc det appos discourse root 1 συγγενέσθαι συγγίγνομαι / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 αὐτὸν αὐτός / PRON 4 καὶ καί / CCONJ 5 ἑτέρᾳ ἕτερος / ADJ 6 νύμφῃ νύμφη / NOUN 7 , , / PUNCT 8 καὶ καί / CCONJ 9 γενέσθαι γίγνομαι / VERB 10 οἱ ὁ / DET 11 παῖδας παῖς / NOUN 12 Ἄγελόν Ἄγελος / PROPN 13 τε τε / PART 14 καὶ καί / CCONJ 15 Μέλανα Μέλας / PROPN 16 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1συγγενέσθαισυγγίγνομαιVERBV--ANMMood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighMain infinitival predicate.
2δὲδέPARTG--------_1 συγγενέσθαιdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
3αὐτὸναὐτόςPRONPp-s---ma-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs1 συγγενέσθαιobjmediumLikely object of συγγενέσθαι; syntax is compressed.
4καὶκαίCCONJCo--------_1 συγγενέσθαιcchighCoordinator.
5ἑτέρᾳἕτεροςADJA- fs---d-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 νύμφῃamodhighAttributive adjective modifying νύμφῃ.
6νύμφῃνύμφηNOUNN--fs---n-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing1 συγγενέσθαιoblmediumDative complement of συγγενέσθαι.
7,,PUNCT__1 συγγενέσθαιpuncthighPunctuation.
8καὶκαίCCONJCo--------_9 γενέσθαιcchighCoordinator in second infinitival clause.
9γενέσθαιγίγνομαιVERBV--ANMMood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid1 συγγενέσθαιconjhighConjunct infinitive coordinated to συγγενέσθαι.
10οἱDETPp3ns---Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art11 παῖδαςdetlowForm appears as article but may reflect dative/orthographic irregularity; likely intended as article introducing παῖδας.
11παῖδαςπαῖςNOUNN--mp---a-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 γενέσθαιobjhighObject of γενέσθαι in infinitival clause.
12ἌγελόνἌγελοςPROPNNe-s---ma-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing11 παῖδαςapposhighFirst of the named children.
13τετεPARTG--------_12 ἌγελόνdiscoursemediumEnclitic connective with first coordinated name.
14καὶκαίCCONJCo--------_12 ἌγελόνcchighCoordinator.
15ΜέλαναΜέλαςPROPNNe-s---ma-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 ἌγελόνconjhighSecond coordinated name.
16··PUNCT__1 συγγενέσθαιpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 3

7.4.8 sentence 3

Tokens
30
Input
837
Output
2,012
Total
2,849

ἀνὰ χρόνον δὲ καὶ Οἰνοπίωνα ἐς τὴν Χίον κατᾶραι ναυσὶν ἐκ Κρήτης, ἕπεσθαι δέ οἱ καὶ τοὺς παῖδας Τάλον καὶ Εὐάνθην καὶ Μέλανα καὶ Σάλαγόν τε καὶ Ἀθάμαντα.

The sentence consists of two infinitival clauses; ἕπεσθαι is treated as a second root with its own coordinated object list, and οἱ is interpreted as a dative argument/pronoun with some uncertainty.

punct conj obl discourse conj obj obj punct conj obl case iobj cc conj case cc det obl obl case discourse det appos cc cc cc discourse cc root root 1 ἀνὰ ἀνά / ADP 2 χρόνον χρόνος / NOUN 3 δὲ δέ / PART 4 καὶ καί / CCONJ 5 Οἰνοπίωνα Οἰνοπίων / PROPN 6 ἐς εἰς / ADP 7 τὴν ὁ / DET 8 Χίον Χίος / PROPN 9 κατᾶραι κατάρειν / VERB 10 ναυσὶν ναῦς / NOUN 11 ἐκ ἐκ / ADP 12 Κρήτης Κρήτη / PROPN 13 , , / PUNCT 14 ἕπεσθαι ἕπομαι / VERB 15 δέ δέ / PART 16 οἱ σύ / PRON 17 καὶ καί / CCONJ 18 τοὺς ὁ / DET 19 παῖδας παῖς / NOUN 20 Τάλον Τάλως / PROPN 21 καὶ καί / CCONJ 22 Εὐάνθην Εὐάνθης / PROPN 23 καὶ καί / CCONJ 24 Μέλανα Μέλας / PROPN 25 καὶ καί / CCONJ 26 Σάλαγόν Σάλαγος / PROPN 27 τε τε / PART 28 καὶ καί / CCONJ 29 Ἀθάμαντα Ἀθάμας / PROPN 30 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἀνὰἀνάADPPREP_2 χρόνονcasehighpreposition governing χρόνον
2χρόνονχρόνοςNOUNN-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 κατᾶραιoblhightemporal oblique with ἀνά
3δὲδέPARTPART_9 κατᾶραιdiscoursehighpostpositive discourse particle
4καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_5 Οἰνοπίωναcchighlinks Οἰνοπίωνα to the coordination context
5ΟἰνοπίωναΟἰνοπίωνPROPNN-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 κατᾶραιobjhighaccusative object of κατᾶραι
6ἐςεἰςADPPREP_8 Χίονcasehighpreposition governing Χίον
7τὴνDETRA---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 Χίονdethigharticle with Χίον
8ΧίονΧίοςPROPNN-S---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 κατᾶραιoblhighgoal with εἰς/ἐς
9κατᾶραικατάρεινVERBV-AANTense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighmain infinitival clause; spelling reflects textual form
10ναυσὶνναῦςNOUNN-D---FD-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur9 κατᾶραιoblhighdative of means/instrument
11ἐκἐκADPPREP_12 Κρήτηςcasehighpreposition governing Κρήτης
12ΚρήτηςΚρήτηPROPNN-S---FG-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 κατᾶραιoblhighsource with ἐκ
13,,PUNCT__9 κατᾶραιpuncthighpunctuation
14ἕπεσθαιἕπομαιVERBV-PMNTense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighsecond infinitival clause, coordinated/new clause
15δέδέPARTPART_14 ἕπεσθαιdiscoursehighpostpositive discourse particle
16οἱσύPRONRP3---MD-Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs14 ἕπεσθαιiobjmediumdative pronoun; likely reference to Oenopion, though form could be enclitic pronoun
17καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_19 παῖδαςcchighcoordination within object list
18τοὺςDETRA---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur19 παῖδαςdethigharticle with παῖδας
19παῖδαςπαῖςNOUNN-P---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur14 ἕπεσθαιobjhighdirect object of ἕπεσθαι in this construction
20ΤάλονΤάλωςPROPNN-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 παῖδαςapposhighfirst child-name in apposition to παῖδας
21καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_22 Εὐάνθηνcchighcoordination of names
22ΕὐάνθηνΕὐάνθηςPROPNN-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 Τάλονconjhighcoordinated name in the list
23καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_24 Μέλαναcchighcoordination of names
24ΜέλαναΜέλαςPROPNN-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 Τάλονconjhighcoordinated name in the list
25καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_26 Σάλαγόνcchighcoordination of names
26ΣάλαγόνΣάλαγοςPROPNN-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 Τάλονconjhighcoordinated name in the list
27τετεPARTPART_26 Σάλαγόνdiscoursehighenclitic coordinating particle
28καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_29 Ἀθάμανταcchighfinal coordination
29ἈθάμανταἈθάμαςPROPNN-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 Τάλονconjhighfinal coordinated name in the list
30..PUNCT__14 ἕπεσθαιpuncthighpunctuation
← 7.4.77.4.9 →