Grammar parses for passage 7.4.9
Open translation for this passage
ἀφίκοντο δὲ καὶ Κᾶρες ἐς τὴν νῆσον ἐπὶ τῆς Οἰνοπίωνος βασιλείας καὶ Ἄβαντες ἐξ Εὐβοίας.
Two coordinated nominative subjects share the same finite verb; the three prepositional phrases are attached as obliques.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφίκοντο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-2AIMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 1 ἀφίκοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 4 Κᾶρες | cc | high | Links the two subject groups. |
| 4 | Κᾶρες | Κάρ | NOUN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀφίκοντο | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 7 νῆσον | case | high | Preposition governing νῆσον. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA--SF- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 νῆσον | det | high | Article with νῆσον. |
| 7 | νῆσον | νῆσος | NOUN | N--SF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Goal/location phrase. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 11 βασιλείας | case | high | Preposition governing βασιλείας. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA--SF- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 βασιλείας | det | high | Article with βασιλείας. |
| 10 | Οἰνοπίωνος | Οἰνοπίων | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 βασιλείας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of βασιλείας. |
| 11 | βασιλείας | βασιλεία | NOUN | N--SF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Prepositional phrase of time/circumstance. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 13 Ἄβαντες | cc | high | Links the second subject. |
| 13 | Ἄβαντες | Ἄβας | NOUN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀφίκοντο | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 14 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 15 Εὐβοίας | case | high | Preposition governing Εὐβοίας. |
| 15 | Εὐβοίας | Εὔβοια | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Source/origin phrase. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Οἰνοπίωνος δὲ καὶ τῶν παίδων ἔλαβεν ὕστερον Ἄμφικλος τὴν ἀρχήν·
Genitive phrases depend on the possession-like relation to the following noun; main clause is straightforward SVO with ἔλαβεν as root.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Οἰνοπίωνος | Οἰνοπίων | PROPN | NNP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀρχήν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent modifying ἀρχήν as the possessor/source. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 6 ἔλαβεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 τῶν | cc | high | Links the coordinated genitive phrase. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA--GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 παίδων | det | high | Article with παίδων. |
| 5 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | NNPGM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 Οἰνοπίωνος | conj | high | Coordinated with Οἰνοπίωνος in a genitive phrase. |
| 6 | ἔλαβεν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 ἔλαβεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the verb. |
| 8 | Ἄμφικλος | Ἄμφικλος | PROPN | NNP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἔλαβεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔλαβεν. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA--FSA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ἀρχήν | det | high | Article with ἀρχήν. |
| 10 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | NNFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἔλαβεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἔλαβεν; modified by genitives in tokens 1 and 5. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἔλαβεν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἀφίκετο δὲ ἐξ Ἱστιαίας ὁ Ἄμφικλος τῆς ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ κατὰ μάντευμα ἐκ Δελφῶν.
The syntax is straightforward: ἀφίκετο is the root, with two oblique prepositional phrases and a subject; the phrase τῆς ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ is slightly elliptical and may be analyzed as modifying Ἱστιαίας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-3SAMI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of arrival. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Ἱστιαίας | case | high | Allomorph before vowel. |
| 4 | Ἱστιαίας | Ἱστιαία | PROPN | N--SFG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Source/origin phrase governed by the verb. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἄμφικλος | det | high | Article with the subject name. |
| 6 | Ἄμφικλος | Ἄμφικλος | PROPN | N--S---MN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφίκετο. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Εὐβοίᾳ | det | high | Article introducing the relative/locative phrase. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Εὐβοίᾳ | case | high | Preposition heading a locative modifier. |
| 9 | Εὐβοίᾳ | Εὐβοία | PROPN | N--SFD--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 μάντευμα | nmod | medium | Likely part of the genitive article + prepositional phrase modifying Ἱστιαίας: 'in Euboea'. |
| 10 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 μάντευμα | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 11 | μάντευμα | μάντευμα | NOUN | N--S---NA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Prepositional oblique indicating accordance with an oracle/message. |
| 12 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Δελφῶν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 13 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | N--P---MG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 μάντευμα | nmod | medium | Source/modifier of μάντευμα: 'from Delphi'. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Ἕκτωρ δὲ ἀπὸ Ἀμφίκλου τετάρτῃ γενεᾷ--- βασιλείαν γὰρ ἔσχε καὶ οὗτος---ἐπολέμησεν Ἀβάντων καὶ Καρῶν τοῖς οἰκοῦσιν ἐν τῇ νήσῳ, καὶ τοὺς μὲν ἀπέκτεινεν ἐν ταῖς μάχαις, τοὺς δὲ ἀπελθεῖν ἠνάγκασεν ὑποσπόνδους.
Parenthetical asides (lines 7–17) interrupt the main clause; γενεᾷ is best taken as an oblique dependent of the source phrase ἀπὸ Ἀμφίκλου.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἕκτωρ | Ἕκτωρ | PROPN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπολέμησεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 4 Ἀμφίκλου | case | high | Introduces source/comparison phrase. |
| 4 | Ἀμφίκλου | Ἀμφίκλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 γενεᾷ | nmod | high | Dependent of γενεᾷ within prepositional phrase. |
| 5 | τετάρτῃ | τέταρτος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dative|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 γενεᾷ | amod | high | Modifies γενεᾷ. |
| 6 | γενεᾷ | γενεά | NOUN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | obl | high | Temporal/relational oblique with ἀπό. |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | punct | high | Dash in parenthetical interruption. |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | punct | high | Dash in parenthetical interruption. |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | punct | high | Dash in parenthetical interruption. |
| 10 | βασιλείαν | βασιλεία | NOUN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔσχε | obj | high | Object of ἔσχε. |
| 11 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἔσχε | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 12 | ἔσχε | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | parataxis | high | Parenthetical clause; linked to main verb. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 οὗτος | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 14 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 12 ἔσχε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔσχε, coordinated with Ἕκτωρ in sense. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | punct | high | Dash in parenthetical interruption. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | punct | high | Dash in parenthetical interruption. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | punct | high | Dash in parenthetical interruption. |
| 18 | ἐπολέμησεν | πολεμέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 19 | Ἀβάντων | Ἄβας | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | obj | medium | Genitive object/source with πολεμέω; likely ethnic/group name. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 Ἀβάντων | cc | high | Joins genitive complements. |
| 21 | Καρῶν | Κάρ | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 Ἀβάντων | conj | high | Coordinated with Ἀβάντων. |
| 22 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 23 οἰκοῦσιν | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 23 | οἰκοῦσιν | οἰκέω | VERB | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 Ἀβάντων | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying the ethnics in dative. |
| 24 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 26 νήσῳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 25 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 νήσῳ | det | high | Article with νήσῳ. |
| 26 | νήσῳ | νῆσος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 οἰκοῦσιν | obl | high | Object of ἐν within participial phrase. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 31 ἀπέκτεινεν | cc | high | Links coordinated verb phrase. |
| 29 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 31 ἀπέκτεινεν | det | high | Article with ellipted object/accusative phrase. |
| 30 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 29 τοὺς | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 31 | ἀπέκτεινεν | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | conj | high | First coordinated action under ἐπολέμησεν. |
| 32 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 34 μάχαις | case | high | Preposition. |
| 33 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 34 μάχαις | det | high | Article with μάχαις. |
| 34 | μάχαις | μάχη | NOUN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 31 ἀπέκτεινεν | obl | high | Locative/instrumental oblique. |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ἀπέκτεινεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 36 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 39 ἠνάγκασεν | det | high | Article with implied object. |
| 37 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 39 ἠνάγκασεν | discourse | high | Correlative/discourse particle. |
| 38 | ἀπελθεῖν | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 39 ἠνάγκασεν | xcomp | high | Complement of ἠνάγκασεν. |
| 39 | ἠνάγκασεν | ἀναγκάζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | conj | high | Second coordinated action under ἐπολέμησεν. |
| 40 | ὑποσπόνδους | ὑπόσπονδος | ADJ | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 39 ἠνάγκασεν | obj | medium | Predicative/object-like complement with ἀναγκάζω; analysis uncertain. |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπολέμησεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |