Grammar parses for passage 7.6.1
Open translation for this passage
αἱ δὲ δύο τε καὶ δέκα ἦσαν ἀριθμόν, ὁπόσαι γε καὶ ἐς ἅπαν τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν γνώριμοι, Δύμη μὲν πρὸς Ἤλιδος πρώτη, μετὰ δὲ αὐτὴν Ὤλενος καὶ Φαραὶ καὶ Τρίτεια καὶ Ῥύπες καὶ Αἴγιον καὶ Κερύνεια καὶ Βοῦρα, ἐπὶ ταύταις δὲ Ἑλίκη καὶ Αἰγαί τε καὶ Αἴγειρα καὶ Πελλήνη πρὸς τῆς Σικυωνίας ἐσχάτη·
The sentence has an initial copular identification of the twelve cities, followed by a relative clause and an appositional/listing sequence. The final ἐπὶ ταύταις resumes the preceding cities; πρὸς τῆς Σικυωνίας modifies ἐσχάτη as the last toward Sicyonia. Some attachment choices in the lists are necessarily interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NFN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 7 ἦσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M----N-- | Case=Nom|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 6 δέκα | compound | medium | Numeral coordination with δέκα. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 5 καὶ | cc | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 6 δέκα | cc | high | |
| 6 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M----N-- | Case=Nom|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 7 ἦσαν | nsubj | medium | Together with δύο, predicate numeral agreeing notionally with αἱ. |
| 7 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἀριθμόν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N----MA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἦσαν | obl | high | Accusative of respect/measure. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 7 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὁπόσαι | ὁπόσος | PRON | P----NFN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 17 γνώριμοι | nsubj | high | Relative clause subject, referring to αἱ ... δύο τε καὶ δέκα. |
| 11 | γε | γε | PART | -------- | _ | 10 ὁπόσαι | advmod | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 17 γνώριμοι | cc | high | Correlative/intensifying καί. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Ἑλληνικὸν | case | high | |
| 14 | ἅπαν | ἅπας | ADJ | A----SAN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 Ἑλληνικὸν | amod | high | |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----SAN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Ἑλληνικὸν | det | high | |
| 16 | Ἑλληνικὸν | Ἑλληνικός | ADJ | A----SAN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 γνώριμοι | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the Greek world’. |
| 17 | γνώριμοι | γνώριμος | ADJ | A----NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἦσαν | acl:relcl | high | Predicate adjective of the relative clause. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 7 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 19 | Δύμη | Δύμη | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἦσαν | appos | high | First city in the appositional enumeration. |
| 20 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 19 Δύμη | discourse | high | |
| 21 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 Ἤλιδος | case | high | |
| 22 | Ἤλιδος | Ἦλις | PROPN | N----FG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 πρώτη | obl | high | |
| 23 | πρώτη | πρῶτος | ADJ | A----NF-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Δύμη | amod | high | Predicative/ordering adjective: first toward Elis. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 19 Δύμη | punct | high | |
| 25 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 αὐτὴν | case | high | |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 28 Ὤλενος | cc | high | |
| 27 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P----AF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 28 Ὤλενος | obl | high | Object of μετά, referring to Δύμη. |
| 28 | Ὤλενος | Ὤλενος | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Δύμη | conj | high | City coordinated in the enumeration. |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 30 Φαραὶ | cc | high | |
| 30 | Φαραὶ | Φαραί | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 28 Ὤλενος | conj | high | |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 32 Τρίτεια | cc | high | |
| 32 | Τρίτεια | Τρίτεια | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 Φαραὶ | conj | high | |
| 33 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 34 Ῥύπες | cc | high | |
| 34 | Ῥύπες | Ῥύπες | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 32 Τρίτεια | conj | high | |
| 35 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 36 Αἴγιον | cc | high | |
| 36 | Αἴγιον | Αἴγιον | PROPN | N----NN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 34 Ῥύπες | conj | high | Place name of neuter form. |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 38 Κερύνεια | cc | high | |
| 38 | Κερύνεια | Κερύνεια | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 Αἴγιον | conj | high | |
| 39 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 40 Βοῦρα | cc | high | |
| 40 | Βοῦρα | Βοῦρα | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 Κερύνεια | conj | high | |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 40 Βοῦρα | punct | high | |
| 42 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 43 ταύταις | case | high | |
| 43 | ταύταις | οὗτος | PRON | P---FDP-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 45 Ἑλίκη | obl | high | Resumptive phrase, ‘after/besides these’. |
| 44 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 45 Ἑλίκη | cc | high | |
| 45 | Ἑλίκη | Ἑλίκη | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Δύμη | conj | high | Continuation of the city enumeration. |
| 46 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 47 Αἰγαί | cc | high | |
| 47 | Αἰγαί | Αἰγαί | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 45 Ἑλίκη | conj | high | |
| 48 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 49 καὶ | cc | high | |
| 49 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 50 Αἴγειρα | cc | high | |
| 50 | Αἴγειρα | Αἴγειρα | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 47 Αἰγαί | conj | high | |
| 51 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 52 Πελλήνη | cc | high | |
| 52 | Πελλήνη | Πελλήνη | PROPN | N----NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 50 Αἴγειρα | conj | high | |
| 53 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 55 Σικυωνίας | case | high | |
| 54 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----FG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 55 Σικυωνίας | det | high | |
| 55 | Σικυωνίας | Σικυωνία | PROPN | N----FG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 56 ἐσχάτη | obl | high | Genitive complement of πρός. |
| 56 | ἐσχάτη | ἔσχατος | ADJ | A----NF-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 52 Πελλήνη | amod | medium | Predicative/ordering adjective agreeing with Πελλήνη; ‘last toward Sicyonia’. |
| 57 | · | · | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 7 ἦσαν | punct | high |
ἐς ταύτας οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ καὶ οἱ βασιλεῖς αὐτῶν ἐσῳκίζοντο πρότερον ἔτι ὑπὸ Ἰώνων οἰκουμένας.
The passive ἐσῳκίζοντο takes ἐς ταύτας as goal/destination; οἰκουμένας is a passive participle agreeing with ταύτας and modified by the agent phrase ὑπὸ Ἰώνων. πρότερον ἔτι is an adverbial temporal phrase; the precise scope of ἔτι is mildly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 9 ἐσῳκίζοντο | case | high | Attic/epic variant of εἰς. |
| 2 | ταύτας | οὗτος | PRON | PD-AF-3P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 9 ἐσῳκίζοντο | obl | high | Accusative destination complement of ἐσῳκίζοντο. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Ἀχαιοὶ | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἀχαιοὶ | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Ethn|Number=Plur | 9 ἐσῳκίζοντο | nsubj:pass | high | Ethnic plural used substantivally. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 βασιλεῖς | cc | high | Coordinates the two subjects. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 βασιλεῖς | det | high | |
| 7 | βασιλεῖς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Ἀχαιοὶ | conj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 8 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | RP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 7 βασιλεῖς | nmod:poss | high | Possessive genitive: ‘their kings’. |
| 9 | ἐσῳκίζοντο | συνοικίζω | VERB | V-3I-PII | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Form and context indicate imperfect passive; spelling may reflect a variant of συνοικίζω. |
| 10 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 ἐσῳκίζοντο | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, ‘formerly/earlier’. |
| 11 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 10 πρότερον | advmod | medium | Temporal adverb modifying the preceding temporal expression, or more broadly the verb. |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 13 Ἰώνων | case | high | Agent marker with a passive participle. |
| 13 | Ἰώνων | Ἴων | PROPN | NPM-GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NameType=Ethn|Number=Plur | 14 οἰκουμένας | obl:agent | high | Agent of οἰκουμένας. |
| 14 | οἰκουμένας | οἰκέω | VERB | V-PMP-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 2 ταύτας | acl | high | Attributive participle agreeing with ταύτας: ‘inhabited’. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 9 ἐσῳκίζοντο | punct | high |