Grammar parses for passage 7.6.2
Open translation for this passage
ἦσαν δὲ οἱ τὸ μέγιστον ἐν τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς ἔχοντες κράτος οἵ τε Τισαμενοῦ παῖδες Δαϊμένης καὶ Σπάρτων καὶ Τέλλις τε καὶ Λεοντομένης· Κομήτης δὲ ὁ πρεσβύτατος τῶν Τισαμενοῦ παίδων πρότερον ἔτι διεβεβήκει ναυσὶν ἐς τὴν Ἀσίαν.
Two coordinated clauses: first with an equative-style subject predicate participial phrase and second with Κομήτης as subject of διεβεβήκει; the enumerated names depend on the initial subject phrase, and the punctuation divides the clauses.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 κράτος | cop | high | Finite verb of the first clause, with participial subject phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἦσαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-AP---MN- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 ἔχοντες | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-NS---AN- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 μέγιστον | det | high | Article with superlative. |
| 5 | μέγιστον | μέγας | ADJ | A-NS---SAN | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 κράτος | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial/intensifying use with κράτος. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 9 ἔχοντες | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-DP---MD- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Ἀχαιοῖς | det | high | Article with ethnic adjective. |
| 8 | Ἀχαιοῖς | Ἀχαιός | ADJ | A-DP---MN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐν | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 9 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 οἱ | amod | high | Participial modifier of οἱ. |
| 10 | κράτος | κράτος | NOUN | N-AS---NN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Appositive/content with participle phrase; syntactically the subject of ἦσαν. |
| 11 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | P-AP---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 14 παῖδες | det | high | Relative pronoun introducing the subject group. |
| 12 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 11 οἵ | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 13 | Τισαμενοῦ | Τισαμένης | PROPN | N-SG---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 παῖδες | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of παῖδες. |
| 14 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N-NP---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Head of the enumerated names in apposition. |
| 15 | Δαϊμένης | Δαϊμένης | PROPN | N-SG---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 παῖδες | appos | high | One of the sons, in apposition to παῖδες. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 17 Σπάρτων | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 17 | Σπάρτων | Σπάρτων | PROPN | N-SG---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 παῖδες | appos | high | Coordinated name in the appositive list. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 19 Τέλλις | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 19 | Τέλλις | Τέλλις | PROPN | N-SG---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 παῖδες | appos | high | Coordinated name in the appositive list. |
| 20 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 19 Τέλλις | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 22 Λεοντομένης | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 22 | Λεοντομένης | Λεοντομένης | PROPN | N-SG---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 παῖδες | appos | high | Final coordinated name in the appositive list. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἦσαν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
| 24 | Κομήτης | Κομήτης | PROPN | N-SG---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 διεβεβήκει | nsubj | high | Subject of διεβεβήκει. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 24 Κομήτης | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 26 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-NS---MN- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 πρεσβύτατος | det | high | Article with superlative adjective. |
| 27 | πρεσβύτατος | πρέσβυς | ADJ | A-NS---SAC | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Κομήτης | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying Κομήτης. |
| 28 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GP---MG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 30 παίδων | det | high | Article with genitive noun. |
| 29 | Τισαμενοῦ | Τισαμένης | PROPN | N-SG---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 παίδων | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of παίδων. |
| 30 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GP---MN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 πρεσβύτατος | nmod | high | Genitive complement of πρεσβύτατος. |
| 31 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D | _ | 33 διεβεβήκει | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 32 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D | _ | 33 διεβεβήκει | advmod | high | Temporal/aspectual adverb. |
| 33 | διεβεβήκει | διαβαίνω | VERB | V-QLA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plup|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 34 | ναυσὶν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-DP---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 33 διεβεβήκει | obl | high | Instrument/means in dative. |
| 35 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 33 διεβεβήκει | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 36 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-AS---FA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 37 Ἀσίαν | det | high | Article with place name. |
| 37 | Ἀσίαν | Ἀσία | PROPN | N-SG---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 διεβεβήκει | obl | high | Goal/location with ἐς. |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 διεβεβήκει | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
οὗτοί τε δὴ τηνικαῦτα ἐν τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς ἐδυνάστευον καὶ Δαμασίας ὁ Πενθίλου τοῦ Ὀρέστου, τοῖς Τισαμενοῦ παισὶν ἀνεψιὸς πρὸς πατρός.
The sentence has a coordinated nominative subject plus an appositive identification phrase; the genealogical genitives are nested, and τοῖς Τισαμενοῦ παισὶν is best treated as an explanatory dependent phrase attached to ἀνεψιός/Δαμασίας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτοί | οὗτος | PRON | Pd----mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | nsubj | high | Demonstrative pronoun, subject of ἐδυνάστευον. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 οὗτοί | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle attached to first coordinated subject. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | discourse | high | Emphatic particle modifying the clause. |
| 4 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Ἀχαιοῖς | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀχαιοῖς. |
| 6 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Ἀχαιοῖς | det | high | Definite article. |
| 7 | Ἀχαιοῖς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Ne-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | obl | medium | Ethnonym used substantively; treated as proper noun/substantivized adjective. |
| 8 | ἐδυνάστευον | δυναστεύω | VERB | V-Iaia-1P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 Δαμασίας | cc | high | Coordinates with the preceding clause/nominal phrase. |
| 10 | Δαμασίας | Δαμασίας | PROPN | Ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject/predicate nominal. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Πενθίλου | det | high | Article with patronymic. |
| 12 | Πενθίλου | Πένθιλος | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Δαμασίας | nmod | high | Genitive patronymic modifying Δαμασίας. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 Ὀρέστου | det | high | Article with genitive name. |
| 14 | Ὀρέστου | Ὀρέστης | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Πενθίλου | nmod | medium | Further genitive dependent of Πενθίλου; genealogical chain. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 Δαμασίας | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 16 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 παισὶν | det | high | Article with παισὶν. |
| 17 | Τισαμενοῦ | Τισαμενός | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 παισὶν | nmod | high | Genitive modifying παισὶν. |
| 18 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | N-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀνεψιὸς | nsubj | medium | Likely dative of relation in apposition to Δαμασίας, functioning as explanatory phrase. |
| 19 | ἀνεψιὸς | ἀνεψιός | NOUN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Δαμασίας | appos | high | Apposition to Δαμασίας. |
| 20 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 πατρός | case | high | Preposition governing πατρός. |
| 21 | πατρός | πατήρ | NOUN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀνεψιὸς | obl | high | Genitive complement with πρός, expressing relation/origin. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἴσχυον δὲ ἐπʼ ἴσης τοῖς κατειλεγμένοις καὶ Ἀχαιῶν τῶν ἐκ Λακεδαίμονος Πρευγένης καὶ ὁ υἱός, ὄνομα δέ οἱ ἦν Πατρεύς·
The syntax is two-part: a main clause with coordinated subjects, followed by a paratactic naming clause introduced by ὄνομα δέ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἴσχυον | ἰσχύω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἴσχυον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 4 ἴσης | case | high | Leads prepositional phrase. |
| 4 | ἴσης | ἴσος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἴσχυον | obl | medium | Likely adverbial/prepositional use with ἐπί, form is feminine accusative singular. |
| 5 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 κατειλεγμένοις | det | high | Article modifying participle. |
| 6 | κατειλεγμένοις | καταλέγω | VERB | V-PRM-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 ἴσχυον | obl | high | Substantival participle in dative plural. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 Πρευγένης | cc | high | Coordinates the following noun phrase with the preceding one. |
| 8 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Πρευγένης | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of Πρευγένης; could be construed as partitive/appositive group. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-PGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 Λακεδαίμονος | det | medium | Article agreeing with following genitive phrase. |
| 10 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Λακεδαίμονος | case | high | Preposition. |
| 11 | Λακεδαίμονος | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Πρευγένης | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐκ-phrase. |
| 12 | Πρευγένης | Πρευγένης | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἴσχυον | nsubj | high | Subject of ἴσχυον. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 υἱός | cc | high | Coordinates υἱός with Πρευγένης. |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 υἱός | det | high | Article modifying υἱός. |
| 15 | υἱός | υἱός | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Πρευγένης | conj | high | Conjunct of Πρευγένης. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἴσχυον | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 17 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν in the naming clause. |
| 18 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 20 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 19 | οἱ | σύ | PRON | P-3DS-- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 20 ἦν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/possessor with ἦν; likely 'to him'. |
| 20 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 ἴσχυον | parataxis | medium | Introduces appended naming clause. |
| 21 | Πατρεύς | Πατρεύς | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative/name in the naming clause. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation mark. |