Grammar parses for passage 7.6.2
Open translation for this passage
ἦσαν δὲ οἱ τὸ μέγιστον ἐν τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς ἔχοντες κράτος οἵ τε Τισαμενοῦ παῖδες Δαϊμένης καὶ Σπάρτων καὶ Τέλλις τε καὶ Λεοντομένης· Κομήτης δὲ ὁ πρεσβύτατος τῶν Τισαμενοῦ παίδων πρότερον ἔτι διεβεβήκει ναυσὶν ἐς τὴν Ἀσίαν.
The passage has two paratactic clauses. The first names the holders of power; the second identifies Komētēs as the eldest son and states his earlier crossing to Asia.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἦσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἔχοντες | det | high | Article substantivizes the participial phrase. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 μέγιστον | det | high | |
| 5 | μέγιστον | μέγας | ADJ | A-SNS | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 κράτος | amod | high | Substantivized superlative in the object phrase. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 Ἀχαιοῖς | case | high | |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Ἀχαιοῖς | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἀχαιοῖς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 κράτος | obl | high | |
| 9 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 ἦσαν | acl | high | Participial modifier of substantivized οἱ. |
| 10 | κράτος | κράτος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔχοντες | obj | high | |
| 11 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | R-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 παῖδες | nsubj | medium | Relative/pronominal element introducing the appositional identification of the persons. |
| 12 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 οἵ | cc | high | |
| 13 | Τισαμενοῦ | Τισαμενός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 παῖδες | nmod | high | |
| 14 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἦσαν | appos | high | Appositional identification of the subject of ἦσαν. |
| 15 | Δαϊμένης | Δαϊμένης | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 παῖδες | appos | low | Personal name in a coordinated list; form is morphologically ambiguous and likely a plural nominative name. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 Σπάρτων | cc | high | |
| 17 | Σπάρτων | Σπάρτων | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 παῖδες | conj | low | Personal name in the coordinated subject list; surface form is ambiguous. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 Τέλλις | cc | high | |
| 19 | Τέλλις | Τέλλις | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 παῖδες | conj | low | Personal name in the coordinated subject list; surface form is ambiguous. |
| 20 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 Λεοντομένης | cc | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 Λεοντομένης | cc | high | |
| 22 | Λεοντομένης | Λεοντομένης | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 παῖδες | conj | low | Personal name in the coordinated subject list; surface form is ambiguous. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 24 | Κομήτης | Κομήτης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 διεβεβήκει | nsubj | high | |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 διεβεβήκει | cc | high | |
| 26 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 πρεσβύτατος | det | high | |
| 27 | πρεσβύτατος | πρέσβυς | ADJ | A-NSM-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Κομήτης | appos | high | Superlative apposition to Κομήτης. |
| 28 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 παίδων | det | high | |
| 29 | Τισαμενοῦ | Τισαμενός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 παίδων | nmod | high | |
| 30 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 πρεσβύτατος | nmod | high | |
| 31 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 33 διεβεβήκει | advmod | high | |
| 32 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 33 διεβεβήκει | advmod | high | |
| 33 | διεβεβήκει | διαβαίνω | VERB | V-LAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pluperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb of the second clause; first clause is coordinated/paratactic. |
| 34 | ναυσὶν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 33 διεβεβήκει | obl | high | Dative of means. |
| 35 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 37 Ἀσίαν | case | high | |
| 36 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 Ἀσίαν | det | high | |
| 37 | Ἀσίαν | Ἀσία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 διεβεβήκει | obl | high | Goal complement of ἐς. |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 διεβεβήκει | punct | high |
οὗτοί τε δὴ τηνικαῦτα ἐν τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς ἐδυνάστευον καὶ Δαμασίας ὁ Πενθίλου τοῦ Ὀρέστου, τοῖς Τισαμενοῦ παισὶν ἀνεψιὸς πρὸς πατρός.
The second coordinated unit is verbless: Δαμασίας ... ἀνεψιὸς ... means that Damasias, son of Penthilus son of Orestes, was a cousin of the children of Tisamenus on the father’s side; attachment of the genitive name Δαμασίας is syntactically somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτοί | οὗτος | PRON | PD.NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | nsubj | high | Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative plural. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 οὗτοί | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | ADV | _ | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, ‘at that time’. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Ἀχαιοῖς | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 6 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | DA.DMP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Ἀχαιοῖς | det | high | Article agreeing with Ἀχαιοῖς. |
| 7 | Ἀχαιοῖς | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N.DMP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | obl | high | Ethnic name substantivized; governed by ἐν. |
| 8 | ἐδυνάστευον | δυναστεύω | VERB | V.IAI.3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect indicative active, third plural. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 Δαμασίας | cc | high | Coordinates the following nominal clause/predicate. |
| 10 | Δαμασίας | Δαμασίας | PROPN | N.GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀνεψιὸς | nmod | medium | Patronymic/genitival identification: ‘of Damasias’; the clause is verbless and coordinated with the first predicate. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DA.NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Πενθίλου | det | high | Article with Πενθίλου. |
| 12 | Πενθίλου | Πένθιλος | PROPN | N.GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Δαμασίας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Δαμασίας. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DA.GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ὀρέστου | det | high | Article with Ὀρέστου. |
| 14 | Ὀρέστου | Ὀρέστης | PROPN | N.GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Πενθίλου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Πενθίλου: ‘of Orestes’. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 19 ἀνεψιὸς | punct | high | Comma. |
| 16 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | DA.DMP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 παισὶν | det | high | Article agreeing with παισίν. |
| 17 | Τισαμενοῦ | Τισαμενός | PROPN | N.GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 παισὶν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on παισίν: ‘of Tisamenus’. |
| 18 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | N.DMP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀνεψιὸς | obl | high | Dative with ἀνεψιός, indicating relationship. |
| 19 | ἀνεψιὸς | ἀνεψιός | NOUN | N.NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | conj | medium | Predicate noun in an asyndetic/verbless coordinated clause: ‘a cousin’; understood subject is Δαμασίας ὁ Πενθίλου τοῦ Ὀρέστου. |
| 20 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 πατρός | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 21 | πατρός | πατήρ | NOUN | N.GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀνεψιὸς | obl | high | Genitive with πρός, ‘on the father’s side’. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 8 ἐδυνάστευον | punct | high | Full stop. |
ἴσχυον δὲ ἐπʼ ἴσης τοῖς κατειλεγμένοις καὶ Ἀχαιῶν τῶν ἐκ Λακεδαίμονος Πρευγένης καὶ ὁ υἱός, ὄνομα δέ οἱ ἦν Πατρεύς·
The sentence has a coordinated subject (Πρευγένης καὶ ὁ υἱός) with ἴσχυον; ὄνομα δέ οἱ ἦν Πατρεύς is a coordinated naming clause, with οἱ as a dative of reference/possession.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἴσχυον | ἰσχύω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἴσχυον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ἴσης | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 4 | ἴσης | ἴσος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἴσχυον | obl | high | In the idiom ἐπὶ ἴσης, ‘equally’. |
| 5 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 κατειλεγμένοις | det | high | |
| 6 | κατειλεγμένοις | καταλέγω | ADJ | A-RPP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 1 ἴσχυον | obl | high | Substantivized perfect/passive participle, ‘those listed above’. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 Πρευγένης | cc | high | Coordinates Πρευγένης and ὁ υἱός. |
| 8 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Πρευγένης | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Πρευγένης καὶ ὁ υἱός. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | |
| 10 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 Λακεδαίμονος | case | high | |
| 11 | Λακεδαίμονος | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀχαιῶν | nmod | high | Place of origin: Ἀχαιῶν τῶν ἐκ Λακεδαίμονος. |
| 12 | Πρευγένης | Πρευγένης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἴσχυον | nsubj | high | First member of coordinated subject. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 υἱός | cc | high | |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 υἱός | det | high | |
| 15 | υἱός | υἱός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Πρευγένης | conj | high | Second member of coordinated subject. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἴσχυον | punct | high | |
| 17 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν in the naming clause. |
| 18 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἦν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 19 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-D3MS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 20 ἦν | iobj | high | Dative of possession/reference, ‘for him’. |
| 20 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 1 ἴσχυον | parataxis | high | Coordinate naming clause. |
| 21 | Πατρεύς | Πατρεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative/name complement of ἦν. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἴσχυον | punct | high |
καί σφισιν ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν ἐδόθη κτίσασθαι πόλιν ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ, καὶ τὸ ὄνομα ἀπὸ τοῦ Πατρέως ἐτέθη τῇ πόλει.
Two coordinated passive clauses: ἐδόθη κτίσασθαι πόλιν and τὸ ὄνομα ἀπὸ τοῦ Πατρέως ἐτέθη τῇ πόλει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ἐδόθη | cc | high | |
| 2 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3pd | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 ἐδόθη | iobj | high | Dative of the persons for whom the city was granted. |
| 3 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R- | _ | 5 Ἀχαιῶν | case | high | |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Nb-pg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐδόθη | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive ἐδόθη. |
| 6 | ἐδόθη | δίδωμι | VERB | V3saip | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | κτίσασθαι | κτίζω | VERB | Vnabam | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 6 ἐδόθη | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive with ἐδόθη; middle voice is reflexive/founding for oneself. |
| 8 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | Naf-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κτίσασθαι | obj | high | |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 11 χώρᾳ | case | high | |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | Ldafs | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 χώρᾳ | det | high | |
| 11 | χώρᾳ | χώρα | NOUN | Ndafs | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κτίσασθαι | obl | high | Location of founding. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐδόθη | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 ἐτέθη | cc | high | |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Lnas | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 15 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | Nnsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἐτέθη | nsubj:pass | high | Passive subject of ἐτέθη. |
| 16 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R- | _ | 18 Πατρέως | case | high | |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Lmsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Πατρέως | det | high | |
| 18 | Πατρέως | Πατρεύς | PROPN | Nmsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐτέθη | obl | high | Source/eponym from which the name was derived. |
| 19 | ἐτέθη | τίθημι | VERB | V3saip | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 6 ἐδόθη | conj | high | Second coordinated passive clause. |
| 20 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | Ldafs | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 πόλει | det | high | |
| 21 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | Ndafs | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἐτέθη | iobj | high | Dative recipient/possessor: the name was given to the city. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐδόθη | punct | high |