Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 7.8.5

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Passage 7.8.5

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2sentences parsed

89Greek tokens

2,039input tokens

6,166output tokens

Sentence 1

7.8.5 sentence 1

Tokens: 61
Input: 1,200
Output: 4,138
Total: 5,338

καὶ σφᾶς ὑπὸ τὸν χρόνον οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ τοῦτον ἐς σύλλογον ὑπάγονται τὸν Ἀχαϊκὸν καὶ δίκας τε ἐδίκαζόν σφισιν ἐς τὸ ἀκριβέστατον καὶ τὰ τείχη τῆς Σπάρτης καταβάλλουσιν ἐς ἔδαφος, οἰκοδομηθέντα μὲν καὶ πρότερον ἔτι αὐτοσχεδίως καὶ ἐπί τε τῆς Δημητρίου καὶ ὕστερον τῆς Πύρρου καὶ Ἠπειρωτῶν στρατείας, ἐπὶ δὲ τῆς τυραννίδος τῆς Νάβιδος καὶ ἐς τὸ ἀσφαλέστατον ὀχυρωθέντα.

Main clause has three coordinated presents/imperfects about Achaean practice, with two participial appendages describing the walls; several genitives and prepositional phrases are adverbial or attributive, and the participles are attached loosely to the wall object.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 ὑπάγονται	cc	high	Coordinates with the first main verb.
2	σφᾶς	σφεῖς	PRON	Pp3mpa	Case=Acc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	11 ὑπάγονται	obj	high	Object of ὑπάγονται.
3	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	R	_	5 χρόνον	case	high	Temporal phrase.
4	τὸν	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 χρόνον	det	high	Determiner of χρόνον.
5	χρόνον	χρόνος	NOUN	Nb	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ὑπάγονται	obl	high	Temporal oblique modifier.
6	οἱ	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 Ἀχαιοὶ	det	high	Article with Ἀχαιοὶ.
7	Ἀχαιοὶ	Ἀχαιός	PROPN	Ne	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 ὑπάγονται	nsubj	medium	Common noun used as ethnonym; could be NOUN.
8	τοῦτον	οὗτος	DET	PD	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 σύλλογον	det	high	Demonstrative modifying σύλλογον.
9	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	10 σύλλογον	case	high	Preposition governing σύλλογον.
10	σύλλογον	σύλλογος	NOUN	Nb	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ὑπάγονται	obl	high	Goal/direction complement of ὑπάγονται.
11	ὑπάγονται	ὑπάγω	VERB	Vmip3p--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main finite verb.
12	τὸν	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 Ἀχαϊκὸν	det	high	Article with Ἀχαϊκόν.
13	Ἀχαϊκὸν	Ἀχαϊκός	ADJ	A	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 σύλλογον	amod	high	Attributive adjective modifying σύλλογον.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	17 ἐδίκαζόν	cc	high	Coordinates second predicate.
15	δίκας	δίκη	NOUN	Nb	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	17 ἐδίκαζόν	obj	high	Object of ἐδίκαζόν.
16	τε	τε	PART	G	_	15 δίκας	discourse	medium	Enclitic connective particle, loosely attached.
17	ἐδίκαζόν	δικάζω	VERB	Viai3p--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	11 ὑπάγονται	conj	high	Second coordinated finite verb.
18	σφισιν	σφεῖς	PRON	Pp3dpd	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	17 ἐδίκαζόν	iobj	high	Indirect object / beneficiary.
19	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	21 ἀκριβέστατον	case	high	Preposition with superlative phrase.
20	τὸ	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	21 ἀκριβέστατον	det	high	Article with ἀκριβέστατον.
21	ἀκριβέστατον	ἀκριβής	ADJ	A	Case=Acc\|Degree=Sup\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	17 ἐδίκαζόν	obl	high	Adverbial phrase 'to the utmost exactness'.
22	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	27 καταβάλλουσιν	cc	high	Coordinates third finite verb.
23	τὰ	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	24 τείχη	det	high	Article with τείχη.
24	τείχη	τεῖχος	NOUN	Nb	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	27 καταβάλλουσιν	obj	high	Direct object of καταβάλλουσιν.
25	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	26 Σπάρτης	det	high	Article with Σπάρτης.
26	Σπάρτης	Σπάρτη	PROPN	Ne	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 τείχη	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of τεῖχος.
27	καταβάλλουσιν	καταβάλλω	VERB	Vmpa3p--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	11 ὑπάγονται	conj	high	Third coordinated finite verb.
28	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	29 ἔδαφος	case	high	Preposition with ἔδαφος.
29	ἔδαφος	ἔδαφος	NOUN	Nb	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	27 καταβάλλουσιν	obl	high	Goal/result complement of καταβάλλουσιν.
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	27 καταβάλλουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
31	οἰκοδομηθέντα	οἰκοδομέω	VERB	VAPP	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	24 τείχη	acl	medium	Participial modifier of τείχη; agreement is plausible though context is somewhat loose.
32	μὲν	μέν	PART	G	_	31 οἰκοδομηθέντα	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
33	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	34 πρότερον	cc	high	Coordinates adverbial modifiers.
34	πρότερον	πρότερον	ADV	D	_	31 οἰκοδομηθέντα	advmod	high	Temporal adverb modifying the participle.
35	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D	_	31 οἰκοδομηθέντα	advmod	high	Adverb modifying the participle.
36	αὐτοσχεδίως	αὐτοσχεδίως	ADV	D	_	31 οἰκοδομηθέντα	advmod	high	Adverb modifying the participle.
37	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	38 ἐπί	cc	high	Coordinates prepositional phrases.
38	ἐπί	ἐπί	ADP	R	_	48 στρατείας	case	high	Preposition with στρατείας.
39	τε	τε	PART	G	_	38 ἐπί	discourse	medium	Enclitic connective with ἐπί.
40	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	41 Δημητρίου	det	high	Article with Δημητρίου.
41	Δημητρίου	Δημήτριος	PROPN	Ne	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	48 στρατείας	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of στρατείας.
42	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	43 ὕστερον	cc	high	Coordinates adverbial/genitive phrase elements.
43	ὕστερον	ὕστερον	ADV	D	_	31 οἰκοδομηθέντα	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
44	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	45 Πύρρου	det	high	Article with Πύρρου.
45	Πύρρου	Πύρρος	PROPN	Ne	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	48 στρατείας	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of στρατείας.
46	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	47 Ἠπειρωτῶν	cc	high	Coordinates genitive modifiers.
47	Ἠπειρωτῶν	Ἠπειρώτης	PROPN	Ne	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	48 στρατείας	nmod	medium	Ethnonym used as genitive modifier; could be NOUN.
48	στρατείας	στρατεία	NOUN	Nb	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 οἰκοδομηθέντα	nmod	high	Genitive noun dependent on the participle, likely with 'during/at the time of' sense.
49	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	31 οἰκοδομηθέντα	punct	high	Punctuation.
50	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R	_	53 τυραννίδος	case	high	Preposition with τυραννίδος.
51	δὲ	δέ	PART	G	_	50 ἐπὶ	discourse	high	Postpositive discourse particle.
52	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	53 τυραννίδος	det	high	Article with τυραννίδος.
53	τυραννίδος	τυραννίς	NOUN	Nb	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 οἰκοδομηθέντα	nmod	high	Temporal/genitive modifier.
54	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	55 Νάβιδος	det	high	Article with Νάβιδος.
55	Νάβιδος	Νάβις	PROPN	Ne	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	53 τυραννίδος	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of τυραννίδος.
56	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	57 ἐς	cc	high	Coordinates preposition phrase.
57	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	59 ἀσφαλέστατον	case	high	Preposition with ἀσφαλέστατον.
58	τὸ	ὁ	DET	RA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	59 ἀσφαλέστατον	det	high	Article with ἀσφαλέστατον.
59	ἀσφαλέστατον	ἀσφαλής	ADJ	A	Case=Acc\|Degree=Sup\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	60 ὀχυρωθέντα	advmod	medium	Likely adverbial superlative phrase modifying the participle.
60	ὀχυρωθέντα	ὀχυρόω	VERB	VAPP	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	24 τείχη	acl	high	Participial modifier of τείχη, parallel to οἰκοδομηθέντα.
61	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	11 ὑπάγονται	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 2

7.8.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 28
Input: 839
Output: 2,028
Total: 2,867

τά τε οὖν τείχη τῆς Σπάρτης οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ καθεῖλον καὶ τὰ ἐς μελέτην τοῖς ἐφήβοις ἐκ τῶν Λυκούργου νόμων καταλύσαντες ἐπέταξαν τοῖς Ἀχαιῶν ἐφήβοις τὰ αὐτὰ ἐπιτηδεύειν.

Two main verbs are coordinated by discourse sequencing rather than overt coordination; the participial phrase καταλύσαντες modifies the second verb ἐπέταξαν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τά	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	4 τείχη	det	high	Article modifying τείχη.
2	τε	τε	PART	_	_	1 τά	advmod	medium	Enclitic connective particle; attachment approximate.
3	οὖν	οὖν	PART	_	_	9 καθεῖλον	discourse	high	Inferential particle.
4	τείχη	τεῖχος	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	9 καθεῖλον	obj	high	Direct object of καθεῖλον.
5	τῆς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 Σπάρτης	det	high	Article with Σπάρτης.
6	Σπάρτης	Σπάρτη	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 τείχη	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of τείχη.
7	οἱ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	8 Ἀχαιοὶ	det	high	Article with Ἀχαιοὶ.
8	Ἀχαιοὶ	Ἀχαιός	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 καθεῖλον	nsubj	high	Subject of καθεῖλον.
9	καθεῖλον	καθαιρέω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	First main verb and sentence root.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	21 ἐπέταξαν	cc	high	Coordinates the participial clause with the following verb phrase.
11	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	13 μελέτην	det	high	Article with μελέτην.
12	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	13 μελέτην	case	high	Preposition governing μελέτην.
13	μελέτην	μελέτη	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 καταλύσαντες	obj	high	Object/complement within the participial phrase.
14	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	15 ἐφήβοις	det	high	Article with ἐφήβοις.
15	ἐφήβοις	ἔφηβος	NOUN	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 μελέτην	obl	medium	Dative argument with ἐς μελέτην; relation slightly uncertain.
16	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	_	_	19 νόμων	case	high	Preposition governing νόμων.
17	τῶν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	19 νόμων	det	high	Article with νόμων.
18	Λυκούργου	Λυκοῦργος	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 νόμων	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of νόμων.
19	νόμων	νόμος	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	20 καταλύσαντες	obl	high	Prepositional object of ἐκ.
20	καταλύσαντες	καταλύω	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	21 ἐπέταξαν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle modifying ἐπέταξαν.
21	ἐπέταξαν	ἐπιτάσσω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Second main verb; coordinate with first clause in discourse sequence.
22	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	24 ἐφήβοις	det	high	Article with ἐφήβοις.
23	Ἀχαιῶν	Ἀχαιός	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	24 ἐφήβοις	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of ἐφήβοις.
24	ἐφήβοις	ἔφηβος	NOUN	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 ἐπέταξαν	iobj	high	Indirect object of ἐπέταξαν.
25	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	26 αὐτὰ	det	high	Article with αὐτὰ.
26	αὐτὰ	αὐτός	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	27 ἐπιτηδεύειν	obj	medium	Object of ἐπιτηδεύειν; substantivized adjective.
27	ἐπιτηδεύειν	ἐπιτηδεύω	VERB	_	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	21 ἐπέταξαν	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive dependent on ἐπέταξαν.
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	21 ἐπέταξαν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

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